1,720,976 research outputs found
Field of study and occupational mismatch : how has employment been affected by computerization in Canada?
Get PDF1 online resource (25 p.) : coloured illustrationsIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 25).Nowadays, technology is a necessity for people because it serves a variety of functions in the modern society and has improved significantly the living standards compared to what they were 100 years ago. Although a lot of people obsess about how these amazing advanced technologies can easily handle logistic tasks and make their life easier and better, there are still a lot of researchers and experts who have critiqued the existence of emerging technology. They insist that machine learning technology is not as good as it appears because computerization and digitalization stand a good chance of replacing the human capital and thus a great amount of occupations will face different degrees of computerization risk. In this paper, data sources from Statistic Canada Public Use Microdata File were gathered and the dataset used for analysis is the 2011 National Household Survey. In addition, the author reviewed a large number of articles that mentioned the impact of computerization and how machine learning would displace occupations and further accelerate the mismatch between field of study and occupations. This study examined Frey and Osborne’s (2013) study and categorize occupations into three degrees of computerization risk, which are low, medium and high and it also uncovers how machine learning assuredly increase the mismatch rate for the field of study in relation to the medium risk occupations. The purpose of this paper is to estimate how automation and computerization can destroy a large number of occupations and force the workers into irrelevant areas
Variables lead to obesity in Canada and their significance compared to alternative variables
Get PDF1 online resource (28 p.)Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 27).To investigate the variables that relate to obesity and the relation between those variable and its alternative when it comes to obesity. By using the data from 2014 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and apply logistic regression to evaluate the difference between the variables. On top of the data calculation, review related studies and public reports from Public Health of Canada and World Health Organization to conclude this report’s finding and help understanding the significance of the selected variables.
Overall, maintaining high level of physical activity level and healthy and balanced diet helps control and prevent obesity situation. There are uncontrollable variables such as age and gender, but it is still manageable with the right level of active lifestyle and balanced energy intake and calories expense level
The economic impact of crude oil price shocks on alternative energy stock prices
Get PDF1 online resource (27 p.) : col. ill.Includes abstract and appendix.Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-23).Over the past couple of decades, rising oil prices have had a positive impact on the alternative energy industry because of the substitution effect. In a society that is growingly concerned about environmental sustainability, would this substitution effect suggest that the reciprocal could also be true; that low oil prices could be destructive to the alternative energy industry? Previous work by Henrique and Sadorsky examined the impact of oil price shocks on U.S. alternative energy stock prices through 2001 to 2007. This paper uses a similar approach to follow up their findings, in light of the 2015 oil price collapse. A vector autoregressive (VAR) model is used to investigate the relationship between multivariate time-series, including the following variables: alternative energy stock prices, crude oil prices, general stock prices, and interest rates. Granger causality tests and impulse reaction functions are examined to determine whether oil price shocks have a significant effect on alternative energy stock prices
Risk profiles and the likelihood of car accidents in Bolivia
Get PDF1 online resource (70 p.) : col. ill.Includes abstract and appendix.Includes bibliographical references (p. 54).The following honours thesis analyzes a database of reported car accidents with a total of 381,409 observations. The database compiled by the insurance company “La Boliviana Ciacruz S.A” has a timeline of 10 years from 2006 to 2016. The main purpose of the thesis is to find risk
profiles that characterize certain clients’ vehicles and expose how much riskier these clients’ vehicles are compared to others. Comparative tables have been developed in order to make the analysis easier to read. Furthermore, the final results of the thesis raise the question of whether the risk profiles created in this thesis act accordingly with their respective premiums
Does air pollution feature lower housing price in Canada?
Get PDF1 online resource (iv, 42 p.) : col. ill.Includes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-36).The purpose of this study is to analyze the pollution-housing price relationship within a Canadian context, with a special focus on the effects of particular matter 2.5 (PM[subscript 2.5]) in terms of air pollution. The objective is important because environmental quality acts as a relatively less tangible characteristic to housing compared with other physical characteristics (such as number of bedrooms), but it has its own implicit price. Once we make explicit the implicit cost of air contaminant, it will guide public policy decisions on the measures that should be taken to reduce air pollution. This study examines the subject between 1997 and 2013 across Canada’s benchmark cities. In order to provide an accurate analysis, two types of housing price index data are used: CANSIM New Housing Price Index (NHPI) and Teranet-National Bank Housing Price Index (THPI). PM[subscript 2.5] is employed as the proxy of air pollution and the data are collected from Environment Canada. First difference, lagged values, fixed effect and random effect models are the methods being used to produce an accurate and robust analysis. As a result, as this study improves the specifications with better HPI (which is THPI), the negative association between housing prices and air pollution surfaces. The results from the specifications that applied first-difference, logarithmic function, year dummies and fixed effects or random effects methods, suggest that air pollution has a negative effect on housing prices with a two-year lag
The effect of income inequality and other socioeconomic factors on political participation in Canadian federal elections
Get PDF1 online resource (44 p.) : ill. (some col.)Includes abstract and appendix.Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-43).Voter turnout rates for Canadian federal elections have been in decline for over 50 years, and currently Canada is ranked 18th among OECD countries in this regard. To what extent do certain socioeconomic factors have in encouraging or discouraging voters’ participation in elections in Canada?
This study examines previous literature on theories related to the ties between political participation and socioeconomic inequality; including the law of dispersion, relative power theory, conflict theory, and resource theory. Compiling data from external sources and creating a pseudo panel specific to this study, these theories are then tested to examine how income inequality (measured through Gini index, P90/P50 and P50/P10 ratios, and median income), age, marital status, and employment rates has effected voter turnout in Canada between 1979 and 2015. The analysis shows that the effects of both income inequality and the employment rate on turnout exhibit non-linear quadratic characteristics. Further to that, age and marital status are also shown to have positive effects on voter turnout. Employment rates specific to education are also examined but deemed generally inconclusive, however further insight and stronger data could yield better results and be cause for future study
What type of wage can Canadian students expect in the Canadian labor market from post-secondary foreign education?
Get PDF1 online resource (34 p.) : ill. (some col.)Includes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-24).The rapid increase in the number of international students worldwide is a sign of globalization in the economy. Yet, few Canadians choose to study abroad, even thought the government encourages them to go abroad. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study to investigate how much of a financial return Canadian students can expect from their foreign post-secondary education and so as to provide Canadian students and government agencies with useful information on the potential benefits of foreign education. Inspired by the Poot and Roskruge (2013)’s study, the Mincer’s equation, using the Public-Use Microdata File of the 2006 Census of Population in Canada was applied. This study finds that there is no significant difference of return between domestic and foreign education in the Canadian labor market for native-born workers. There is a positive return on education from Europe, while education from Eastern Asia has significantly a negative impact on wage earnings in Canada. Further, there is a higher benefit of taking a Doctorate degree from the United States in Canada. These facts will be useful for the government to take some actions to the labor market in order to encourage Canadians to study abroad
On the verge of homelessness, incarceration and substance abuse : an analysis and close-up of at-risk youth aging out of the foster care system in the United States
Get PDF1 online resource (59 p.) : colour illustrationsIncludes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-37).At first, this study was going to analyze Canadian youth aging out of the foster care system, but due to the fact that there is no national dataset compiled, this was not possible. Using national data from the United States instead, the National Youth in Transition Dataset for FY2011 was provided with special permission from the National Data Archive on Child Abuse and Neglect. This study investigates whether or not having experienced homelessness in the past has a large effect in experiencing it in the future, once the youth has aged out of the system during wave two and three. The same is done for incarceration and substance abuse. Furthermore, this study also measures other variables which may increase the probability of a youth experiencing one of these three negative outcomes. Since all variables, independent and dependant, are dichotomous, the linear probability model with fixed effects is applied. It is found that having experienced the outcome in the past does indeed play a role in experiencing it in the future, whether it be homelessness, incarceration or substance abuse. It is also found that, Asians on average, are less likely to experience homelessness compared to others, African Americans are more likely to experience incarceration but less likely to experience substance abuse out of all ethnic groups, leaving Caucasians more at-risk. Identifying who is most vulnerable among those already at-risk is important. Policy makers and different levels of government need to cooperate to improve the outcomes of those aging out of their care
Situational factors impacting severe concussions in professional hockey
Get PDF1 online resource (23 p.)Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-23).The following honours thesis compiles a dataset of reported concussions in the National Hockey League for the 2014-2015, 2015-2016, and 2016-2017 seasons. The main purpose of the thesis is data collection for a further statistical study using survival analysis. Each concussion event is observed on video, and the presence of 16 independent, situational factors is recorded. Relevant situational factors are determined through medical analysis of concussion, and interviews with former National Hockey League players. The length of each observed concussion is recorded to provide a measure of concussion severity. Concussion severity is divided into nine levels, and Chi
– square tests of independence are conducted to determine whether statistically significant relationships exist between the independent, situational factors, and concussion severity. The independent, situational factors of location of body contact, legality of body contact, and recurrent concussion are all determined as significantly related to concussion severity. Further experimental analysis reveals a potential relationship between puck possession and severe concussion. Hit velocity is then identified as a variable that interacts with the independent, situational factors to further impact concussion severity. An expansion of the honours thesis in collaboration with Atul Dar and Yigit Aydede is ultimately outlined
The economic value of crime prevention in the City of Vancouver
Get PDF1 online resource (35 p.) : ill., mapsIncludes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-31).This is the first study to use the crime-housing price relationship to attempt to measure the economic cost of crime within a Canadian context. The City of Vancouver, which is home to Canada’s hottest real estate market, is used as an area of study. Crime data is obtained from the Vancouver Police Department and the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver for a period of nine years (2005-2013). Geographic Information System (GIS) software is then used to redefine the boundaries in order to make the datasets comparable and ultimately construct a unique panel dataset of twenty-two neighbourhoods. This study also proposes a methodology to handle the issue of endogeneity using instrumental variables that may be successfully applied despite the limited neighbourhood-level data that is available in Canada. Once endogeneity is remedied, unbiased coefficients can be obtained, which will make it possible to calculate the economic cost of crime, and thus the value of crime prevention for the City of Vancouver
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