1,720,992 research outputs found
Work hours, social relationships, and physical activity among the Canadian workforce
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine associations between work hours, social relationships, and domain-specific physical activity among the Canadian workforce. This study utilized cross-sectional data of about 24,132 participants aged 18 to 74 from the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey. Descriptive statistics and negative binomial regression controlling for age, sex, income, education, and occupation were used for the data analysis.
Higher work hours were associated with less active transportation, more recreational physical activity, and less work and household physical activity.
Social relationships assessed with social provisions scale were associated with less active transportation, less recreational physical activity, and less work, and household physical activity.
The findings of this study suggest that social relationships are associated with lower rates of physical activity in all domains whereas the effect of work hours varies by domain
Prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes with sedentary behaviors and their association across age groups in Canada
Get PDFThis study examines the association between different sedentary behaviors and the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes among adults in Canada. The purpose of the study is to understand the differential relationship between different types of sedentary behavior, obesity and type 2 diabetes across three main age group classifications. This study employs a quantitative research design using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data with a collection period from January to December 2016. The analysis of the data was completed using univariate statistics, logistic regression, and generalized linear models in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.
Overall, the results revealed a relationship between different sedentary behaviors, obesity, and type 2 diabetes among Canadian adults. In addition, age moderates the relationship between sedentary behavior and obesity while older adults have higher odds of type 2 diabetes than young and middle-aged adults
Caring for youth with severe disabilities : impacts on parents' quality of life
Get PDFLittle is known about parents’ Quality of Life (QOL) when their children with disabilities become youth and young adults. This study compared parents’ QOL versus child’s age and severity of disability conditions. Secondary data analysis of Statistics Canada’s General Social Survey Cycle 26 was completed. This study focused on parents who were “caregivers” to their disabled children aged between 0-29 years. The analyses of 193 parents’ overall life satisfaction showed significant differences based on their child(ren)’s age (0-10, 11-19, 20-29) and disability severity (mild, moderate, and severe). Parents reported significant low QOL’s scores when their children were in the group of 11-19 years old and their disability severity was moderate or severe. The findings highlighted the need for evidence-based family support for families of youth with moderate or severe disabilities
Friendship across cultures: exploring the concept of friendship between immigrant and Canadian women in southern Alberta
Get PDFThis research offers an understanding of the intercultural friendship development process between immigrant and Canadian women. More specifically, the research identified factors affecting the two groups’ intercultural relationship development and provided insight into their life experiences based on such contact.
Interpersonal relationship theories and cross-cultural research studies form the conceptual background of the research. Twenty-one in depth interviews were conducted with 12 immigrant women and 9 Canadian women, aged 18 years or older using person-centered interviewing as a data collection method. Thematic analysis revealed factors that influenced social interaction between the two groups at different stages of their relationship development. Language competency, knowledge about culture, self-disclosure, and cultural differences were the major factors that affected intercultural friendship development across the two groups. The thesis concludes with some suggestions for future research and how intercultural friendship between immigrant and Canadian women could be enhanced in the Canadian context
Sociodemographic determinants of mobility limitation among older adults in Canada and Nigeria
No full textThis thesis explores the sociodemographic determinants of mobility limitations among older adults (≥ 65 years) using a multi-method approach. The first study is a systematic review and meta-analysis that synthesized evidence from 57 studies involving 130,060 participants to identify associations between sociodemographic factors and performance-based mobility outcomes. Older age, female gender, non-Caucasian race, and lower education were significantly associated with mobility limitations, while gaps were identified in research on marital status, religion, and socioeconomic and residential factors. The second study analyzed six-year longitudinal data from 3,882 participants in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Ageing, revealing significant predictors of mobility decline, including older age, female gender, retirement, non-Caucasian ethnicity, lower income, lower social status, and lack of homeownership. The third study analyzed three-year longitudinal data from 837 participants in the Ibadan Study of Ageing (Nigeria). A gender-disaggregated growth curve analysis showed that gait speed decline was slower in men compared to women, with significant predictors including widowhood and chronic disease burden for women and religiosity and high socioeconomic status for men. The fourth study, a qualitative description design, explored the perspectives of 36 older adults (18 each from Canada and Nigeria) on life-course sociodemographic determinants of mobility decline and identified demographic, socioeconomic, sociocultural, and socioenvironmental factors as critical influences on mobility trajectories. Canadians highlighted disparities in rural mobility outcomes, while Nigerians noted greater challenges for women and urban dwellers, reflecting cultural nuances. Collectively, these studies provide a comprehensive understanding of the sociodemographic factors shaping mobility trajectories in diverse contexts. The findings offer valuable insights for developing culturally sensitive, equitable policies and interventions to promote healthy ageing globally
A survey of public knowledge and attitude related to antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in Southwest Alberta
Get PDFAntibiotics changed the world and radically transformed diseases that were once deadly into manageable health problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the public knowledge and attitude regarding antibiotics use and antibiotic resistance in southwest Alberta. A cross-sectional face to face survey of individuals aged 18 years and older and residents of Lethbridge, Coaldale, Coal Hurst, Fort Macleod, Raymond and Taber was conducted. Of the 219 respondents, the majority agreed that antibiotics can kill bacteria (81.4%), whereas a notable proportion (43%) agreed that antibiotics can kill viruses. About 55% of the respondents indicated that antibiotic was effective for treating most sore-throat while over 30% agreed antibiotics are used for treating most common cold and cough. Marital status, education, ethnicity and antibiotics resistance education were predictors of antibiotic knowledge. Marital status, age, education, ethnicity and antibiotics resistance education were predictors of antibiotic attitude
An ecological and life course analysis of binge drinking and problem gambling among Indigenous populations in Canada
Get PDFThe focus of this thesis was to better understand the link between social environments: namely, the school and workplace; and addictive behaviour among Indigenous youth and adults in Canada. Secondary datasets were accessed and analyzed. Data derived from the 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey was used to examine the impacts of the school environment, extracurricular activity, and peer risk behaviour on binge drinking among First Nations and Métis youth aged 15 to 24 living in urban environments. Results indicate that peer risk behaviour was the strongest determinant of binge drinking, but that the school environment both positively and negatively influenced peer behaviour making it an important target for interventions to reduce binge drinking. Results suggest increased opportunities for extracurricular activities at school may also reduce binge drinking among Indigenous youth, particularly among those disengaged from school. Data derived from the Quinte Longitudinal Study was used to examine the role of trauma and changes in job satisfaction and stressful life events on at-risk gambling behaviour among employed Indigenous adults. Overall, results indicate that those who were more satisfied in their work were less likely to engage in at-risk gambling. Among Indigenous women, those who experienced more stressful life events were more likely to engage in at-risk gambling. These findings highlight the need for policies and programs aimed upstream to improve work and school environments and reduce structural inequalities.Alberta Gambling Research Institut
Investigating academic dishonesty in post-secondary institutions in Canada: a case study of the University of Lethbridge before the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textAchievement of Community Health Nursing Competencies through Undergraduate Clinical Experiences: A Gap Analysis
Get PDFIt is widely believed that in Canada, nursing practice and health care are moving from acute care into the community. What has yet to be established, however, is the degree to which undergraduate nursing students are being prepared for community health nursing practice through their community health clinical rotations. In particular, how well non-traditional or innovative community placements prepare students for registered nursing practice in the community has never been quantified. The purposes of this province-wide multi-stakeholder mixed method research study were to: delineate the competencies required of nursing students from stakeholder (industry, faculty, and student) perspectives; understand the nature of the gap between desired and observed competency level; and establish strategies for moving forward in the preparation of new nurses for community health practice in Alberta.
Findings suggest that undergraduate pre-registration nursing students are not being adequately prepared for registered nursing practice roles in community health. In all competency performance items on the survey tool, observed scores were significantly lower than desired scores. Faculty and students rated observed and desired scores higher than did community health nurses, for whom the observed-desired gap was also wider. Focus group findings reveal that perspectives differ by stakeholder group regarding what it means to be prepared for community health nursing practice and how this readiness is best accomplished. As well, faculty and student perspectives often differ significantly from perspectives of practicing nurses about what new graduates need in order to be ready for community health practice
Lab materials (support) on selecting appropriate tests, charts, interpreting effect sizes, skewness, and SPSS procedures for data analysis
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