552 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-trr-10.1177_03611981221089936 – Supplemental material for Analysis of Motor Vehicle Accidents: Comparison Between Before and During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Maharashtra, India
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-trr-10.1177_03611981221089936 for Analysis of Motor Vehicle Accidents: Comparison Between Before and During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Maharashtra, India by Atul Arun Pathak, Shabana Chandrasekaran and Balamurugan Annamalai in Transportation Research Record</p
Stoic beliefs and health: Development and preliminary validation of the Pathak-Wieten Stoicism Ideology Scale
No full text© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. Introduction We developed and validated a new parsimonious scale to measure stoic beliefs. Key domains of stoicism are imperviousness to strong emotions, indifference to death, taciturnity and self-sufficiency. In the context of illness and disease, a personal ideology of stoicism may create an internal resistance to objective needs, which can lead to negative consequences. Stoicism has been linked to help-seeking delays, inadequate pain treatment, caregiver strain and suicide after economic stress. Methods During 2013-2014, 390 adults aged 18+ years completed a brief anonymous paper questionnaire containing the preliminary 24-item Pathak-Wieten Stoicism Ideology Scale (PW-SIS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test an a priori multidomain theoretical model. Content validity and response distributions were examined. Sociodemographic predictors of strong endorsement of stoicism were explored with logistic regression. Results The final PW-SIS contains four conceptual domains and 12 items. CFA showed very good model fit: root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.05 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.07), goodness-of-fit index=0.96 and Tucker-Lewis Index=0.93. Cronbach's alpha was 0.78 and ranged from 0.64 to 0.71 for the subscales. Content validity analysis showed a statistically significant trend, with respondents who reported trying to be a stoic 'all of the time' having the highest PW-SIS scores. Men were over two times as likely as women to fall into the top quartile of responses (OR=2.30, 95% CI 1.44 to 3.68, P<0.001). ORs showing stronger endorsement of stoicism by Hispanics, Blacks and biracial persons were not statistically significant. Discussion The PW-SIS is a valid and theoretically coherent scale which is brief and practical for integration into a wide range of health behaviour and outcomes research studies
Parmanu-Gunak
No full textParmanu-Gunak is a free Python based GUI application for reducing single and double spike isotope dilution data.
Version 1.0
Please contact the author at [email protected] for any questions related to Parmanu-Gunak. If you use Parmanu-Gunak for your data reduction, then please cite the following paper:
Pathak, D. (2023), Parmanu-Gunak: Data Reduction Software for Isotope Dilution Analysis. Geostand Geoanal Res. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.12476
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Medication adherence in hypertension
No full textSuboptimal adherence to antihypertensive medication is a major contributor to poor blood pressure control. Several methods, direct or indirect, are available for measuring adherence, including the recently developed biochemical screening, although there is no gold-standard method routinely used in clinical practice to accurately assess the different facets of adherence. Adherence to treatment is a complex phenomenon and several of the barriers to adherence will need to be addressed at the healthcare system level; however, when looking at adherence from a more practical side and from the practitioner's perspective, the patient–practitioner relationship is a key element both in detecting adherence and in attempting to choose interventions tailored to the patient's profile. The use of single-pill combinations enabling simplification of treatment regimen, the implementation of a collaborative team-based approach and the development of electronic health tools also hold promise for improving adherence, and thus impacting cardiovascular outcomes and healthcare costs
Cost-conscious designing of Dutch transportation infrastructure projects: A first explorative research into the ‘control’ based factors for reducing the front-end cost escalations
No full textCost overruns in infrastructure projects has been a well-known phenomenon for almost a decade. As per the generally accepted definition, the industry has been measuring cost overruns as the cost exceedance with respect to the approved contractor’s budget. But researchers are realizing the fact that the decision-to-build is generally taken long before the ‘budgeting’, which thereby falsifies the existing definition of ‘cost overruns’. It has been henceforth also realized that projects under overruns also don’t offer the best capital value because their as-built costs exceed the costs estimated for them during the “decision-to-build” stage. As a result, such projects debar other deserving projects from getting approved by the funding authority/infrastructure ministry, which could potentially deliver more value for the same invested costs. A lot of projects which were in high overruns in the recent past shouldn’t have been approved/funded/preferred by the decision makers over others (For example: The Channel Tunnel in the UK, cost overruns = 100%, Denver intl. airport in the USA, cost overruns =200%). Consistent overruns also indicate that even with consecutive projects, the experts are not learning to improve on it as well. As a result, cost overruns in infrastructure projects have been a subject of discussion for more than 2 decades now. It has been realized that not only the estimates presented to the decision makers should be accurate, but also the total project costs post approval (at the decision to build point) should adhere (be controlled) to the approved estimate. Either of the two situations/or both would lead to cost escalations/overruns. Researchers have been demanding more exploration on the front-end cost escalations of the projects rather than on the cost overruns in the execution phases. It has been realized that the front-end phases allow for the maximum control over the as-built costs, but ironically, the industry experiences more cost escalations in the front-end phases. It has been emphazied that ex-post studies on the front-end phases of projects can bring revelations on how projects suffer front-end escalations. Limited research exists on the front-end phases of infrastructure projcts, with almost all of them based on the Nordic countries and only one on the Dutch governance setting by Nijkamp & Ubbels (1998). The limited research mostly includes the studies that have produced ‘characteristic escalation figures’ & the ‘factors/causes’ (technical, political & cognitive). All these factors except ‘technical & cognitive’ are quite external to the project teams and are difficult to research on through ex-post studies. Citing ‘political factors’ as the prime cause, most researches on the ‘solutions’ counterpart have been discussing over ‘political misrepresentation’ as the main factor/cause of front-end cost escalations. Very less researches have been done on the ‘technical & cognitive’ factors, which are more internal to the project teams and can be easily studied through the ex-post researches on the front-end phases of recently completed infrastructure projects. This thesis aimed to gather such ‘technical/control’ based factors & their data collection/analysis methods, in order steer them for controlling the total project costs from the very front-end phases itself. This thesis gathered 19 such ‘control’-based technical factors from Arcadis cost experts and considered it as the starting point. Structured-questionnaire surveys then helped to filter out the most important factors which lead to front-end cost escalations. Finally, 12 interviews from two recent Dutch projects (Schiphol Expansion : Landside works & Redevelopment of highway N270) gave insights on what approach should be taken for data collection [cross-learning (CL)/open-data gathering (OA)] & data analysis [top-down (TD)/bottom-up (BU)] methods in order to steer the ‘factors’ in the front-end phases of the projects. The thesis concluded that ‘project-control’ based technical factors are crucial as well, and can be steered. The research results gave some insights on which data collection/analysis approaches should be taken for steering each of such ‘factor’ from the front-end phases itself. The thesis conclusively highlighted the need of further research on gathering more such ‘factors’ and obtaining suitable data collection (CL/OA) & data analysis (TD/BU) methods for steering them. The need to focus on ‘project controls’ based factors (and not just political factors) from the very front-end phases was also conveyed.Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineerin
Satellite-retrieved direct radiative forcing of aerosols over North-East India and adjoining areas: climatology and impact assessment
No full textThe article by J. Biswas et al. contained an update in affiliation of author Binita Pathak. The author would like to add another affiliation to her name. Her updated affiliations are the following
Modulation of the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system by non pharmacological treatment : application in systolic chronic heart failure and peripheral arterial disease
No full textLa prise en charge des maladies cardiovasculaires vise à lutter contre les anomalies du système nerveux autonome cardiaque (SNA) en restaurant la balance sympatho-vagale avec l'aide de moyens pharmacologiques ou non pharmacologiques. Nous avons montré que l'exercice physique intermittent (EI) chez l'insuffisant cardiaque chronique (IC) permettait de majorer le tonus vagal. L'EI était plus efficace que l'exercice continu pour obtenir une réduction des arythmies. Dans un deuxième travail nous avons montré que l'électrostimulation musculaire des membres inférieurs chez l'IC permettait de réduire le tonus sympathique en lien avec une stimulation des afférences. Dans l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs (AOMI) enfin, nous montrons que l'électrostimulation sensitive des membres inférieurs permettait d'améliorer la distance de marche via des mécanismes potentiellement sympatho-inhibiteur.The management of cardiovascular disease is to fight against abnormal heart autonomic nervous system (ANS) by restoring sympatho-vagal balance with the help of pharmacological or non-pharmacological means. We have shown that intermittent exercise (IE) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) allowed to increase the vagal tone. The IE was more effective than continuous exercise for reducing arrhythmias. In a second work we have shown that electrical muscle stimulation of the lower limbs in CHF reduced sympathetic tone related to stimulation of afferents. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD) finally, we showed that the sensitive electrostimulation of lower limbs improved the walking distance via potentially sympatho-inhibitor mechanisms
Social entrepreneurship, governmentality & the Left
No full textThis paper offers a critique of the location of social entrepreneurship in the imaginaries of an advanced liberal social economy . Social entrepreneurship is used in a broad sense to refer to innovative, sustainable solutions to social problems, and this paper is agnostic towards organisational structures or the use of earned income which might be understood to circumscribe the practice of social enterprise. This chapter therefore, rejects Reiss’ (1999,1) assertion that social entrepreneurship refers simply to the “application of sound business practices to the operation of non-profit organizations” and is closer to the social innovation school of thought advocated by Dees & Anderson (2006). By doing so, the author asserts the need for nation states to take an active role through policy innovation and the co-ordination of the social economy
Analysing spatial interdependence among the 2011 Thailand flood-affected small and medium enterprises for reduction of disaster recovery time period
No full textThe authors would like to acknowledge the continuous support and
guidance of the colleagues and family members.
The author would like to acknowledge the constant support and guidance
from Anila Pathak, Nupur Chaturvedi, Meleana Chaturvedi and Aaryana
Pathak.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2750-8483 (Shubham Pathak).Natural disasters have been a significant hurdle in the economic growth of middle-income developing countries. Thailand has also been suffering from recurring flood disasters and was most which are severely affected during the 2011 floods. This paper aims to identify the various factors that impact the speed of disaster recovery among the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) severely affected by the floods in Pathumthani province in central Thailand, and how it is related to its speed decision of neighbours SMEs. The methodology adopts a spatial econometric model, to analysis and understand each of the chosen factors' impact. The findings include the impact of disaster resilience, mitigation and planning at the SME level as well as the government level. The absence of accurate perception of actual risk, flood insurance and disaster management planning before the 2011 floods had contributed to the severity of the impacts during the 2011 floods
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