208 research outputs found
Enhancing Agricultural Sector Development in Ethiopia: the Role of Research and Seed Sector
No full textThe paper highlights the evolution of the organized seed sector and the progressive changes that took place over the last 35 years in Ethiopia. From its ad hoc arrangements and modest beginning in the 1940s, the formal seed sector went through several structural and organizational changes particularly during the last two decades due to several internal and external factors. Among these are the shift in international economic development (e.g. structural adjustment programs), the need for and emphasis on diversification to allow entry of the private sector, the separation between production and regulatory agencies and the recognition of the role of informal sector. These changes led to the development of policy and regulatory framework governing the national seed sector. Although much progress has been made in recent years, the Ethiopian seed sector remains less diverse where the public sector dominates and the choice for seed supply is limited to few major crops. The paper further discusses the challenges and opportunities presented within the agricultural transformation agenda of the country and calls for concrete steps to be undertaken in the implementation of national seed sector strategy through provision of adequate resources. It argues for a more facilitative seed policy and regulatory framework recognizing the diversity of the seed sector within the concept of integrated seed sector development embracing various types of formal (public and private), intermediate (semi-informal) and informal (farmer-saved and farmer- based) seed systems. It also calls for the integration of the national seed sector to the regional and global seed industry to benefit from developments elsewhere and become more competitive to serve the national agricultural research for development agenda
Policy and Development Implications and Way Forward
No full textWheat rusts remain a challenge for wheat production at national, regional and global levels. Empirical evidence shows the emergence of new races and their quick spread across countries and continents with devastating consequences.In response to Ug99 crisis, CIMMYT and ICARDA in partnership with a number of National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) have initiated the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (ex GRI) under the leadership of the late Nobel Prize laureate Dr Norman Borlaug. Development and deployment of resistant varieties, adequate surveillance systems and effective plant protection strategies are important elements of an integrated wheat rust control strategy to replace widely grown susceptible varieties and ensure national, regional and global food security. Accordingly the achievements and lessons learned in this book present critical research, development and policy implications both at global/regional and national levels
Containing the Menace of Wheat Rust: Institutionalized Interventions and Impacts
No full textThis book is the grandstand of the collaborative endeavors of diverse stakeholders in addressing the challenges of wheat production and wheat rusts in Ethiopia within the context of the international efforts across Africa and Asia
Adverse birth outcome: a comparative analysis between cesarean section and vaginal delivery at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective record review [Corrigendum]
No full textAbebe Eyowas F, Negasi AK, Aynalem GE, Worku AG. Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics. 2016;7:65–70On page 65 Abel Fekadu Dadi should have been listed as an author. The incorrect author list was:Fantu Abebe Eyowas1Ashebir Kidane Negasi1Gizachew Eyassu Aynalem1Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku2The correct author list should have been:Fantu Abebe Eyowas1Ashebir Kidane Negasi1Gizachew Eyassu Aynalem1Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku2Abel Fekadu Dadi2Read the original articl
Containing the Menace of Wheat Rusts: Institutionalized Interventions and Impacts
No full textThis book is the grandstand of the collaborative endeavours of diverse stakeholders in addressing the challenges of wheat production and wheat rusts in Ethiopia within the context of the international efforts across Africa and Asia. It provides a synthesis of the research for development and rich experience gained in quick deployment of rust resistant wheat varieties through this effective partnership including the Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources and Regional Bureaus of Agriculture, the National Agricultural Research System (NARS), the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), formal and informal seed suppliers, NGOs and farmers
Strategies and Innovative Approaches for Food Legumes Seed Delivery in Ethiopia
No full textSeed is the only vehicle in crop technology promotion, adoption and impact enhancement. Legumes play an important role in food and nutritional security of smallholder farmers and sustainability of farming systems in Ethiopia. The national agricultural research systems (NARS) in partnership with the international agricultural research centres (IARCs) have developed several improved varieties and integrated crop management technologies for legume production in the country. Currently about 201 legume varieties have been released by NARS from the federal and regional agricultural research institutes. However, the adoption of improved varieties and agronomic management practices are constrained by lack of information, skills and knowledge and inadequate availability, access and use of inputs by most farmers. The paper reviews the status, challenges and opportunities of the legume seed sector and suggests strategies to enhance seed delivery within the Ethiopian context
Accelerated Seed Multiplication for Deployment of Rust-resistant Wheat Varieties
No full textThe chapter presents the approaches, achievements and lessons learned in accelerated seed multiplication of early generation seed (breeder, pre-basic and basic) and large-scale certified seed production by NARS and public and private sector including farmer seed producer groups during 2010/11-14/15 crop seasons as part of ICARDA-EIAR project
Early Generation Seed Production and Supply in Ethiopia: Status, Challenges and Opportunities
No full textEarly generation seed production may constitute maintenance breeding of improved variety and regular multiplication and supply of smaller quantities of breeder, pre-basic and basic seed. The main purpose of EGS Early generation seed production is to maintain the genetic potential and identity of a variety and regular provision of high quality breeder seed which is the basis for subsequent seed production. Ethiopia has adapted four seed classes for seed production: breeder seed, pre-basic seed, basic seed and certified seed. Variety maintenance, production, and distribution of the breeder, pre-basic, and basic seed are carried out by the public breeding institutions or private seed sector. EGS production is a distinct step in the seed production requiring particular knowledge, skills and facilities. This article summarizes the regulatory framework and institutional and technical arrangements in EGS production and the challenges and the opportunities to enhance EGS supply. To meet the current demand of EGS, it suggests the institutionalization of early generation seed production in Ethiopia
Trans Rights: A detailed analysis of access to gender affirming treatments by minors and the differing approaches taken by Member States in the European Union
No full textIn this paper the author will be discussing the varying approaches by Member States in the European Union regarding the rights of Minors to access/undertake gender affirming treatments. This paper shall have a particular focus on the varying approaches taken by the Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom and the Netherlands in minors having access to gender affirming treatments. The Netherlands has developed a protocol for gender affirming intervention which has been deemed to be the benchmark for providing treatment for minors suffering from gender dysphoria. The protocol developed by the Netherland vastly differs from other Member States such as the United Kingdom and Ireland. The basis for the differing views by such member states lies on the basis of health officials that intervention can be a detriment to minors instead of having a benefit. The varying approaches by Member States raises the question of what can be considered to be the appropriate approach to be undertaken in providing gender affirming treatment to minors and the lines that must be drawn between what can be considered in what is deemed to be providing minors with the right to receive appropriate care against what can be considered to be medical malpractice
Adoption and Impact of Rust-resistant Wheat Varieties on Productivity and Household Food Security in Ethiopia
No full textThe chapter presents the adoption and diffusion of rust resistance varieties in terms of area with simultaneous reduction in the number of farmers and area under rust susceptible wheat varieties. Furthermore, factors influencing the adoption of disease resistant wheat varieties are examined, and the impacts of these technologies on wheat productivity, production, and household food security are shown. In addition, the study examined the mix and effectiveness of institutional innovations promoted in terms of variety releases, seed multiplication and delivery system
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