34 research outputs found
Advanced Manufacturing from Macro- to Nanoscale: Impact and Shock Loading
No full textTrends and developments in advanced manufacturing from macro- to nanoscale, mainly associated with nanotechnology, precision/ultraprecision manufacturing and advanced materials under low/high speed impact and shock loading, with industrial applications to net-shape manufacturing, biomedical engineering, energy and transport, an outcome of the very extensive work over 40 years on these fields performed by the author and his research international team, are briefly outlined in the present Plenary Lecture of the 5th ESHP 2016 Symposium.</jats:p
Advanced Manufacturing under Shock
No full textSome recent trends and developments in advanced manufacturing of advanced materials from macro-to nanoscale subjected to shock loading, i.e. the up-to-date very important engineering area from industrial, research and academic points of view, with industrial applications to net-shape manufacturing, bioengineering, energy and safety, an outcome of the very extensive, over 40 years, work on this field performed by the author and his research international team, are briefly outlined.</jats:p
Motivations and Cognitive Structures of Consumers in their Purchasing of Functional Foods
No full textThe present study initially fulfils a two-fold aim: first, to identify the functional foods most frequently purchased by a homogeneous group of well-educated consumers; and second, to define the most important functional food attributes that affect consumers’ purchasing decisions when examined in two separate age groups (young adults and early-middle-aged). By employing the MEC analysis methodology, the study further fulfils two additional aims: third, to obtain insights into the functional food-related buying motives of consumers; and fourth, to design a MEC hierarchy of consumption-relevant cognitive structures per age group in order to explain their functional food-related purchasing behaviour. The results of the study highlight health enhancement and health risk prevention through appropriate dietary choices as the most important motives of functional food purchasing for the two age groups, respectively. A special interest in eating enjoyment that results from functional food consumption and in trust that must surround those foods also emerge from both age groups. Moreover, some differences among the two age groups are prominent, such as that the early-middle-aged consumers show a great interest in knowing the origin of the functional product; while the young adults emphasize on functional foods’ convenience and (low) price. These results lead to the conclusion that functional foods should deliver their health benefits above and beyond the standard (high) perceived quality required by consumers from any common food product
Microstructural Magnetic Characterization of Annealed Non-Oriented Electrical Steel
No full textThe present paper investigates the utilization of the magnetic Barkhausen noise and magnetic permeability methods for the nondestructive characterization of annealed non-oriented electrical steel samples which were isothermally annealed in a wide range of temperatures (400°C – 950°C) and subsequently cooled in air. The resulting magnetic properties were compared with the microstructural changes occurring during annealing.</jats:p
Assessing the Distributional Impacts of Transferable Pollution Permits: The Case of Phosphorus Pollution Management at a River Basin Scale
No full textAlthough the initial allocation of pollution permits is neutral in terms of efficiency, it does have a significant impact on distributive equity. In this paper, we examine the two main categories of permit allocation rules, the distributive and the reductive, for controlling phosphorus pollution in a small catchment in South West England. Based on the premise that the regulatory choice compromises efficiency and equity, the main result of this paper is that an allocation of permits in proportion to the intensity of environmental preferences is a “win-win†choice. The reason is that it simultaneously achieves two goals. First, it is efficient (or cost-effective) since a permit system achieves a prespecified target at a minimum abatement cost, while second, it is the only allocation rule which reduces the income inequality of the baseline scenario.pollution permits, phosphorus, nutrient management, export coefficient model, water quality, distributive justice, income inequality, Atkinson Index, Environmental Economics and Policy,
Numerical Simulation for the Determination of the Temperature Fields and the Heat Affected Zones in Grinding
No full textA finite element model is proposed for the simulation of grinding of hardened steels with aluminium oxide wheels. For this task the implicit FEM code MARC is used. The proposed model is a transient state, non-linear problem that can calculate the maximum temperature and the temperature fields on the ground workpiece. The input data required for the analysis are provided through a series of grinding experiments. From the numerical results obtained from the analysis it is possible to predict the size of the heat affected zones of the workpiece
Features of Consolidation of Nanoceramics for Aerospace Industry
No full textNanostructured ceramic materials and compositions based on them find an increasing application in all branches of science and technology. At the same time, the performance properties of new ceramic nanomaterials (strength, adhesion, optical and others) are significantly different from properties of traditional ceramics, which were used before. The qualitative characteristics of nanoceramics are largely determined by the initial structure and methods of nanopowder synthesis, as well as by the characteristics of conditions and methods for their consolidation. This work is devoted to the synthesis of nanopowders and effective method of its sintering for the production of nanoceramic materials which have special mechanical properties, e.g. components with increased modulus of elasticity ("ceramic steel"), etc. It makes it possible to effectively use them in aerospace industry.</jats:p
