75,219 research outputs found
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
Final word on Jersey Dutch
No full textIn this article, William Z. Shetter compares and contrasts the dialects that developed between different Dutch colonies in the New World. He explores in-depth the nuances of Jersey Dutch, and provides theories to explain how Dutch and colonial languages blended. The article is reprinted from American Speech, December 1958, Volum XXXIII, No. 4
Politycznie zaangażowane treści w japońskich fanowskich produkcjach wideo inspirowanych serią Atak Tytanów
No full textŁącząca w sobie postapokaliptyczne oraz fantastyczne wątki seria animowana Atak Tytanów jest jednym z najpopularniejszych na japońskim rynku tytułów ostatnich lat. Stała się ona inspiracją dla licznych prac fanowskich, w tym również wielu fan videos (fanowskich produkcji wideo). Artykuł przedstawia, w jaki sposób twórcy fan videos wykorzystują nawiązania do Ataku Tytanów (w szczególności muzykę z serialu oraz sposób edycji materiału wideo) w celu promocji konserwatywnych i nacjonalistycznych idei politycznych. Prace takie bardzo pozytywnie przedstawiają potencjalną remilitaryzację Japonii, propagują negatywny wizerunek krajów sąsiedzkich (Korei Południowej, Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej) jako zagrożenia oraz wyrażają bezpośrednie poparcie dla rządu premiera Abe Shinzō. Artykuł omawia, jak w odróżnieniu od liberalnych młodych Japończyków, zaangażowanych w merytoryczną dyskusję oraz działalność polityczną w świecie rzeczywistym, konserwatywna młodzież wykorzystuje pop kulturę oraz Internet jako narzędzia 'fanowskiej' agitacji politycznej przeprowadzanej w przystępnej, atrakcyjnej i emocjonalnej formie fan video, docierającej do szerokiego grona odbiorców dzięki wykorzystaniu popularności Ataku Tytanów
Phenolic contents of some disease-resistant raisins (Vitis spp.)
No full textThe evaluation of different fruit species and grapes by drying gains importance especially because of its high nutrient content and long-term preservation. In addition, due to increasing consumer and environmental awareness, consumers have more demand for raisins produced by using minimum chemical pesticides throughout the production process. In addition, due to the increasing importance of phenolic compounds for human health, the demand for high phenolic content cultivars and their products is increasing. In this study, 7 different grape cultivars (‘Mars Seedless’, ‘Campbell Early’, ‘Muscat Bleu’, ‘Kay Gray’, ‘Philipp’, ‘Kishmish Vatkana’, ‘Rhea’) which are tolerant or resistant to fungal diseases and grown with a reduced spraying program were studied. Grapes were obtained from the trial vineyard of Yalova Atatürk Horticulture Central Research Institute (Yalova, Turkey). After these cultivars were dried in an energy-saving heat pump dryer, the important phenolic compound contents were determined by HPLC method and the differences between the cultivars were revealed. As a result, the phenolic compounds of the raisins obtained by drying these grape cultivars, which can be grown in humid regions, in an energy-saving heat pump dryer were determined and the correlations between these compounds were determined. Thus, it has been determined in this study that raisins are an important source of polyphenols and that there may be significant differences between species or cultivars
Response of hybrid grapes to two biotic stress factors and their seedlessness status
No full textGrape varieties belonging to the Vitis vinifera species are widely grown worldwide, and many of these are susceptible to powdery mildew and downy mildew. However, wild Vitis species are pretty resistant to these diseases. Hybrid genotypes that are resistant or tolerant to diseases can be produced through crossbreeding studies between V. vinifera and other Vitis species. Today, the demand for new table grape varieties, both seedless and disease-resistant or tolerant, has increased. In our study, we scored the resistance of F1 hybrid grape genotypes developed through crossbreeding with different Vitis species to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) after natural inoculation. Furthermore, both seedless and disease-resistant genotypes were identified using marker-assisted selection (MAS). Disease scoring of 470 hybrid grape genotypes revealed that 31 were highly resistant to both powdery mildew and downy mildew. To determine seedlessness, 351 genotypes were screened using the 5U_VviAGL11 SSR marker using MAS, resulting in 136 potential seedless genotypes. Among these possible seedless hybrid grape genotypes, 77 genotypes were determined to be very resistant or resistant to both powdery mildew and downy mildew. The fruit characteristics of these 77 hybrid genotypes will be evaluated over the next few years, and they will also be utilized in future breeding studies to develop new varieties suitable for a sustainable viticulture model
Obrona przed nożownikiem – atak islamskiego terrorysty w Würzburgu
No full textIn the article, the authors present how a citizen can protect himself against an attack of a terrorist – knifer. The incidents where the main attackers are Islamic fundamentalists are increasingly heard in Europe. In order to bring this subject to light, the example of the terrorist attack in Würzburg has been described. Who was the terrorist? Is a citizen able to protect himself against an attack by a knife-wielding attacker? The primary assumption and purpose of the article below are to determine which method proves to be the most effective for the protection against a terrorist – a cutter. The authors have done so through the analysis of legal conditions regarding the use of various forms of defense on the example of self-defense techniques, the use of firearms or pepper spray, as well as the analysis of available literature.W prezentowanym artykule autorki przedstawiają, w jaki sposób obywatel może chronić się przed atakiem terrorysty – nożownika. W Europie o takich zdarzeniach słyszy się coraz częściej, a głównymi napastnikami są fundamentaliści islamscy. Aby można było przybliżyć tę tematykę, opisany został przykładowy atak terrorystyczny w Würzburgu. Kim był terrorysta? Czy obywatel ma możliwość ochrony przed atakiem napastnika posługującego się nożem? Głównym założeniem oraz celem poniższego artykułu jest określenie, która z metod jest najlepszym sposobem ochrony przed terrorystą – nożownikiem. Autorki dokonały tego za pomocą analizy uwarunkowań prawnych dotyczących stosowania różnych form obrony na przykładzie technik samoobrony, używania broni palnej, bądź gazu pieprzowego oraz analizy dostępnej literatury
Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textWe report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. For Ra = 1:35x1014, 2(z) could be described well by a logarithmic dependence on the vertical position z in a range of z 1 < z < z 2 with z 1 ' 70 and z 2 = 0:1L. Here L=(2Nu) is the thickness of a thin thermal sublayer adjacent to the horizontal plate where the heat flux (denoted by the Nusselt number Nu) is carried mostly by thermal diffusion. In the log layer, we found that the temperature spectra had a significant frequency range over which P(f) f with close to 1. As Ra decreased, increased so that the log layer became thinner. At Ra = 2:05 1011, z 2 < z 1 and therefore there was no range for a log layer. Correspondingly, the temperature spectrum near the horizontal plate did not have the f1 scaling form either
Statistics of the subgrid scales after the shock-turbulence interaction
No full textThe interaction of a normal shock with isotropic turbulence (IT) represents a basic problem for studying some of the phenomena associated with high speed flows, such as hypersonic flight, supersonic combustion and Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). In general, in practical applications, the shock width is much smaller than the turbulence scales and the upstream turbulent Mach number is modest. In this case, recent high resolution shock-resolved Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) (Ryu and Livescu, J. Fluid Mech., 756, R1, 2014) show that the interaction can be described by the Linear Interaction Approximation (LIA). By using LIA to alleviate the need to solve the shock, DNS post-shock data can be generated at much higher Reynolds numbers than previously possible. Here, such results with Taylor Reynolds number around are used to investigate the properties of the subgrid scales (SGS). In particular, it is shown that the shock interaction decreases the asymmetry of the SGS dissipation PDF as the shock Mach number increases, with a significant enhancement in size of the regions and magnitude of backscatter
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
Triangular Constellations in Flows
No full textParticles advected on the surface of a fluid can exhibit fractal clustering. The local structure of a fractal set is described by its dimension , which is the exponent of a power-law relating the mass in a ball to its radius : . It is desirable to characterise the {\em shapes} of constellations of points sampling a fractal measure, as well as their masses. The simplest example is the distribution of shapes of triangles formed by triplets of points, which we investigate for fractals generated by chaotic dynamical systems. The most significant parameter describing the triangle shape is the ratio of its area to the radius of gyration squared. We show that the probability density of has a phase transition: is independent of and approximately uniform below a critical flow compressibility , which we estimate. For the distribution appears to be described by two power laws: when , and when
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