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Genotyping of various Arcobacter species isolated from domestic geese by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis
Get PDFThe present study was undertaken to genotype Arcobacter (A.) butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii isolates from domestic geese from three different flocks in Turkey. Fifteen Arcobacter isolates were analysed to determine the RAPD profiles based on the amplified DNA fragment patterns using a universal primer for genotyping. 7 A. cryaerophilus, 2 A. butzleri and 6 A. skirrowii isolates produced 6, 2 and 3 distinct profiles, respectively. The isolates of the same patterns originated from the same flocks. The findings of the present study may support previous reports of the existence of a large degree of heterogeneity among Arcobacter isolates. Observation of such levels of genetic diversity may suggest that there are multiple contamination sources in the environment and/or the determined genotypes may have undergone genetic rearrangements. This first report of genotyping of various Arcobacter species isolated from healthy geese is expected to improve the understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of this emerging pathogen
Afyonkarahisar ilindeki yenebilir sakatatlarda Salmonella'nın prevalansı
No full textIn this study, the prevalence of Salmonella sp. was examined using a total of 205 edible bovine offal samples collected from different abattoirs (n=105) and butcheries (n=100) by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. The isolation rate of Salmonella was found to be 8.57%, 5.71% and 5.71% for the liver, kidney and tripe samples collected from the abattoir, respectively. Of the offal samples obtained from the butcheries, the detection rate of Salmonella sp. was 16% in the liver and 4% in the kidney, tripe and brain samples. Overall, it was found that 8.29% of all the offal samples obtained from the abattoirs and butcheries were determined to be contaminated with Salmonella sp. The results of this study shows that edible offal are cross-contaminated by Salmonella sp. at the abattoirs and retail sale points until they reach to the consumer. It is recommended that adequate hygienic and sanitary measures be taken in these kind of places in order to protect public health.Bu çalışmada, farklı kesimhane (105 adet) ve kasaplardan (100 adet) temin edilen toplam 205 adet yenebilir sakatat örneği, Salmonella türlerinin prevalansını belirlemek amacıyla imunnunmanyetik ayırma tekniği (IMS) kullanılarak incelendi. Salmonella izolasyon oranı kesimhaneden alınan karaciğer, böbrek ve işkembe örnekleri için sırasiıla %8.57, %5.71 ve %5.71 olarak saptandı. Kasaplardan
temin edilen sakatat örneklerinde ise Salmonella saptama oranı karaciğerde %16, böbrek, işkembe ve beyin örneklerinde ise sırasıyla %4 olarak belirlendi. Genel olarak, bu çalışma kapsamında kesimhane ve kasaplardan temin edilen tüm sakatat örneklerinin %8.29 oranında Salmonella ile kontamine olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, yenebilir sakatatların tüketiciye ulaşıncaya kadar kesimhane ve perakende satış noktalarında Salmonella ile çarpraz kontaminasyona maruz kaldığını göstermektedir. Halk sağlığını korumak amacıyla bu gibi yerlerde yeterli hijyen ve sıhhi önlemlerinin alınması tavsiye olunur
Afyonkarahisar ilindeki yenebilir sakatatlarda Salmonella'nın prevalansı
No full textIn this study, the prevalence of Salmonella sp. was examined using a total of 205 edible bovine offal samples collected from different abattoirs (n=105) and butcheries (n=100) by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. The isolation rate of Salmonella was found to be 8.57%, 5.71% and 5.71% for the liver, kidney and tripe samples collected from the abattoir, respectively. Of the offal samples obtained from the butcheries, the detection rate of Salmonella sp. was 16% in the liver and 4% in the kidney, tripe and brain samples. Overall, it was found that 8.29% of all the offal samples obtained from the abattoirs and butcheries were determined to be contaminated with Salmonella sp. The results of this study shows that edible offal are cross-contaminated by Salmonella sp. at the abattoirs and retail sale points until they reach to the consumer. It is recommended that adequate hygienic and sanitary measures be taken in these kind of places in order to protect public health.Bu çalışmada, farklı kesimhane (105 adet) ve kasaplardan (100 adet) temin edilen toplam 205 adet yenebilir sakatat örneği, Salmonella türlerinin prevalansını belirlemek amacıyla imunnunmanyetik ayırma tekniği (IMS) kullanılarak incelendi. Salmonella izolasyon oranı kesimhaneden alınan karaciğer, böbrek ve işkembe örnekleri için sırasiıla %8.57, %5.71 ve %5.71 olarak saptandı. Kasaplardan
temin edilen sakatat örneklerinde ise Salmonella saptama oranı karaciğerde %16, böbrek, işkembe ve beyin örneklerinde ise sırasıyla %4 olarak belirlendi. Genel olarak, bu çalışma kapsamında kesimhane ve kasaplardan temin edilen tüm sakatat örneklerinin %8.29 oranında Salmonella ile kontamine olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, yenebilir sakatatların tüketiciye ulaşıncaya kadar kesimhane ve perakende satış noktalarında Salmonella ile çarpraz kontaminasyona maruz kaldığını göstermektedir. Halk sağlığını korumak amacıyla bu gibi yerlerde yeterli hijyen ve sıhhi önlemlerinin alınması tavsiye olunur
Detection of Listeria species in fresh fish and fish market environment by IMS technique in Turkey
No full textThe incidence of Listeria spp. was investigated in fresh fish (n = 100) sold at retail markets and in the environmental and personnel samples (n = 100) obtained from several fish markets in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey by immunomagnetic separation technique. The fish samples analysed included anchovy, trout, carp and grey mullet (25 of each). Six (6 %) of the fish samples were found positive for Listeria spp. and the overall incidence of Listeria spp. was 10 % in the environmental and personnel samples. Three Listeria spp., Listeria monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, L. grayi were recovered from the samples examined. In addition, L. seeligeri from a fish sample and L. innocua from an environmental sample (box) were isolated. It was found that L. monocytogenes was only detected in fresh water fish with an incidence of 8 %. For the environmental samples, knives and refrigerators had the highest (20 %) and personnel samples had the least (5%) levels of contamination. It can be concluded that the fish sold at retail markets are moderately contaminated with various species of Listeria including L. monocytogenes, which may pose a risk for human health. The presence of these bacteria in environmental and personnel samples of fish markets is also an important possible sources of cross-contamination of the fish and other seafood. The results of this study indicate the necessity of the implementation of good hygiene and sanitary practices in order to prevent and/or reduce the contamination of fishery products by Listeria spp. at the retail level
Détermination de l’expression des gènes codant pour le TNF-α et la leptine par RT-PCR dans le sang de vaches présentant un déplacement de la caillette à gauche
Get PDFThe aims of this study are to evaluate the TNF-α and leptin gene expression in blood from Holstein cows with left abomasal displacement and to correlate it with induced liver injury. The TNF-α and leptin expression in blood samples was determined by RT-PCR after normalisation using the constant expression of the housekeeping GAPDH gene in cows with left abomasal displacement (LAD) (n = 20) before surgery and 7 days after as well as in healthy controls (n = 10). Plasma hepatic enzyme (AST: aspartate aminotransferase, ALT: alanine aminotransferase and ALP: alkaline phosphatase) activities were measured in parallel. Plasma AST and ALP activities dramatically increased in diseased cows during the preoperative period and then declined. Although not significantly, the leptin expression tended to decrease in LAD affected cows while the TNF-α expression tended to increase during the postoperative period. These results suggest that TNF-α may be associated with liver damage during abomasal displacement and that leptin was inversely correlated.Les objectifs de cette étude ont été d’évaluer l’expression des gènes codant pour le TNF-α et la leptine dans le sang de vaches Holstein présentant un déplacement à gauche de la caillette et de la corréler avec les lésions hépatiques induites. L’expression du TNF-α et de la leptine a été déterminée par RT-PCR après normalisation en considérant l’expression du gène de ménage GAPDH comme constante dans les échantillons sanguins provenant de vaches atteintes d’un déplacement à gauche de la caillette (n = 20) avant et 7 jours après traitement chirurgical ou provenant de vaches saines (témoins, n = 10). Les activités plasmatiques des enzymes hépatiques (AST : aspartate aminotransférase, ALT ; alanine aminotransférase et PAL : phosphatase alcaline) ont été mesurées en parallèle. Les activités plasmatiques de l’AST et de la PAL étaient considérablement augmentées chez les vaches malades avant la chirurgie puis elles ont diminué durant la période postopératoire. Bien que les variations n’aient
pas été significatives, l’expression de la leptine chez les animaux malades a tendu à diminuer alors que celle du TNF-α a augmenté durant la période postopératoire. Ces résultats suggèrent que le TNF-α pourrait être associé aux lésions hépatiques associées à un déplacement de la caillette alors que la leptine serait inversement corrélée.Scientific Research Projects Commission of Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universit
Isolation of various Arcobacter species from domestic geese (Anser anser)
Get PDFIn this study, the prevalence and distribution of various Arcobacter spp. were investigated in samples taken from the cloacae of healthy domestic geese raised in Turkey. A membrane filtration technique with a non-selective blood agar was employed after enrichment in Arcobacter enrichment broth (AEB) to isolate a wide range of Arcobacter spp. In addition, the isolates were characterized phenotypically and identified at species level using a multiplex-PCR assay. A total of 90 cloacal swab samples taken from geese, collected on three farms (18, 25, 47 samples, respectively), were examined. Of the samples examined, 16 (18%) were found positive for Arcobacter. One Arcobacter species was isolated from each bird. Of the 16 Arcobacter isolates, 7 (44%), 7 (44%) and 2 (12.5%) were identified by m-PCR as A. cryaerophilus, A. skirrowii and A. butzleri, respectively. The present study indicates that domestic geese can harbour a variety of Arcobacter spp. in their cloacae. The presence of Arcobacter in geese may be of significance as reservoirs in their dissemination. Detailed research is needed for better understanding of the epidemiology and zoonotic potential of this emerging pathogen
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a novel approach for analyzing the biochemical effects of anionic surfactants on a surfactant-degrading arcobacter butzleri strain
Get PDFAnionic surfactant-biodegrading capability of an Arcobacter butzleri strain was analyzed under aerobic conditions. The A. butzleri isolate displayed efficient surfactant-biodegrading capacity for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at concentrations of up to 100 mg/L in 6 days, corresponding to 99.0% removal efficiency. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to observe the effects of varying concentrations of SDS on the biochemistry of bacterial cells. Results suggest that protein secondary structures were altered in bacterial cells at sufficiently high SDS concentrations, concurrent with SDS biodegradation
Development of flexible antimicrobial packaging materials against Campylobacter jejuni by incorporation of gallic acid into zein-based films
Get PDFIn this study, antimicrobial films were developed against Campylobacter jejuni by incorporation of gallic acid (GA) into zein-based films. The zein and zein-wax composite films containing GA between 2.5 and 10 mg/cm 2 were effective on different C. jejuni strains in a concentration-dependent manner. Zein and zein-wax composite films showed different release profiles in distilled water but quite similar release profiles at solid agar medium. Depending on incorporated GA concentration, 60-80% of GA released from the films, while the remaining GA was bound or trapped by film matrix. The GA at 2.5 and 5 mg/cm 2 caused a considerable increase in elongation (57-280%) of all zein films and eliminated their classical flexibility problems. The zein-wax composite films were less flexible than zein films, but the films showed similar tensile strengths and Young's modulus. Scanning electron microscopy indicated different morphologies of zein and zein-wax composite films. This study clearly showed the good potential of zein and GA to develop flexible antimicrobial films against C. jejuni.TÜBİTAk (108M353
Isolation of arcobacter species from different water sources and characterization of ısolated species by molecular techniques
No full textThesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology, Izmir, 2011Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 51-65)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 76 leavesArcobacter is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium and belongs to the family Campylobacteraceae. They are known as a potential foodborne and waterborne pathogen. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter spp. in different water sources in addition to their phenotypic and genetic characterization. One hundred and fifteen samples collected from various water sources in zmir and surrounding area were used to isolate Arcobacter. The isolated strains were identified at the genus level by PCR showing that 42 samples (37%) were found to contain Arcobacter. Then, a multiplex PCR (m-PCR) was used to differentiate the isolates at the species level, revealing that 21 samples (sewage n=13, river n=7 and drinking water n=1) were positive for A. butzleri. The remaining undifferentiated isolates (n=21) were further analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, displaying that 19 were identified as A. butzleri with a similarity level of between 96-99%. In addition, the antimicrobial susceptibility of the Arcobacter isolates obtained was tested using a disc diffusion method. All the isolates tested (n=39) were found susceptible to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, but resistant to vancomycin. This is the first study carried out in zmir to determine the prevalence and distribution of Arcobacter spp. from various water sources. The study showed that water sources including drinking water are common reservoirs and potential transmission vehicles for this emerging pathogen, suggesting that appropriate intervention measures should be taken to protect human health
Isolation of arcobacter species from different water sources and characterization of ısolated species by molecular techniques
Get PDFThesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology, Izmir, 2011Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 51-65)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 76 leavesArcobacter is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium and belongs to the family Campylobacteraceae. They are known as a potential foodborne and waterborne pathogen. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter spp. in different water sources in addition to their phenotypic and genetic characterization. One hundred and fifteen samples collected from various water sources in zmir and surrounding area were used to isolate Arcobacter. The isolated strains were identified at the genus level by PCR showing that 42 samples (37%) were found to contain Arcobacter. Then, a multiplex PCR (m-PCR) was used to differentiate the isolates at the species level, revealing that 21 samples (sewage n=13, river n=7 and drinking water n=1) were positive for A. butzleri. The remaining undifferentiated isolates (n=21) were further analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, displaying that 19 were identified as A. butzleri with a similarity level of between 96-99%. In addition, the antimicrobial susceptibility of the Arcobacter isolates obtained was tested using a disc diffusion method. All the isolates tested (n=39) were found susceptible to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, but resistant to vancomycin. This is the first study carried out in zmir to determine the prevalence and distribution of Arcobacter spp. from various water sources. The study showed that water sources including drinking water are common reservoirs and potential transmission vehicles for this emerging pathogen, suggesting that appropriate intervention measures should be taken to protect human health
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