188,718 research outputs found
Trevignano. L'affresco absidale di Santa Maria Assunta
No full textStudio monografico sull'affresco di scuola raffaellesca realizzato da Pellegrino da Modena nell'abside della chiesa di S. Maria Assunta a Trevignano.
Monographic studio on the fresco by Pellegrino da Modena, in the apse of S. Maria in Trevignano
Il Museo d'arte Sacra della Basilica Santa Maria assunta di Alcamo
No full textSchede all'interno del catalogo per il Museo d'arte Sacra della Basilica Santa Maria assunta di Alcam
Developing a method for phytoplasma identification in cactus pear samples from California.
No full textCactus pear plants showing proliferation and stunting of cladodes in Californian cultivations were tested in order to define a molecular
methodology for reliable phytoplasma detection. After several unsuccessful trials a simple extraction method was developed
to reduce the mucilage content in nucleic acid preparations that was seriously affecting pathogen detection. Nested PCR on
16S ribosomal gene and RFLP analyses together with sequencing of obtained amplicons allow to verify the presence in symptomatic
plants of 16SrV-A and 16SrI-B phytoplasmas respectively related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ and ‘Ca. P. asteris’
BRIEF-P Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Preschool Version Gerard A. Gioia, Kimberly A. Espy, Peter K. Isquith
No full textIl BRIEF-P è la prima rating-scale standardizzata, specificamente costruita per misurare le funzioni esecutive nei bambini in età prescolare, nei comportamenti osservabili in contesti naturali, a casa e a scuola. Lo strumento permette al professionista una valutazione precoce su un’ampia fascia d’età, dai 2 anni e 0 mesi ai 5 anni e 11 mesi, particolarmente utile per l’assessment di bambini con condizioni di sviluppo neurologiche, psichiatriche e pediatriche, quali nascita prematura, disabilità emergenti dell’apprendimento, disturbi dell’attenzione, disturbi del linguaggio, trauma cerebrali, esposizione al piombo, disturbi pervasivi dello sviluppo, ecc.
Il BRIEF-P si articola in cinque scale cliniche, che misurano aspetti diversi delle funzioni esecutive:
• Inibizione
• Shift
• Regolazione delle Emozioni
• Memoria di Lavoro
• Pianificazione/Organizzazione.
Le cinque scale cliniche compongono tre indici più ampi: Autocontrollo Inibitorio (ISCI), Flessibilità (FI) e Metacognizione Emergente (MEI), e un Punteggio Composito Esecutivo Globale (GEC)
Phytoplasmas associated with grapevine yellows diseases: an overview
No full textPhytoplasmas are obligate intracellular bacterial parasites restricted to the phloem sieve elements of the infected plants and are transmitted by phloem-sucking insects belonging to the families Cicadellidae, Cixidae, Psyllidae, Delphacidae and Derbidae. They are associated with diseases of several hundred plant species, including some economically important crops. Grapevine yellows (GY) is a worldwide disease complex associated with genetically different phytoplasmas. GY-affected Vitis vinifera shows leaf enrollment accompanied by yellowing or reddening, rubbering of the canes and desiccated clusters. Epidemiology of the different GY diseases, undistinguishable based on symptoms observation, strictly depends on the involved phytoplasma because of the insect-vector specificity and their behavior. GY diseases are attributed to infections by at least nine distinct phytoplasmas. In Europe, “flavescence dorée” (FD) and Palatinate grapevine yellows (PGY, present only in Germany), are associated with phytoplasmas classified in the ribosomal group 16SrV, while “bois noir” (BN) is attributed to phytoplasmas classified in stolbur group (ribosomal subgroup 16SrXII-A). In Australia, Australian grapevine yellows is associated to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense’ (ribosomal subgroup 16SrXII-B), and to ‘Ca. P. aurantifolia’ (ribosomal group 16SrII). Grapevine yellows in Virginia is associated with a ‘Ca. P. asteris’-related strain (ribosomal group 16SrI-A) and X-disease group (ribosomal group 16SrIII) phytoplasmas. In Chile ‘Ca. P. fraxini’ was also associated with GY together with stolbur and 16SrI-B and 16SrI-C phytoplasmas. In Italy and in South Africa ‘Ca. P. asteris’ (16SrI-B) was associated with severe GY epidemics as well. In order to distinguish each GY from the others, an important research topic focuses on developing molecular tools for specific phytoplasmas identification. In Europe, the employment of such methods for the certain exclusion of FD and BN phytoplasmas from grapevine certified propagating material is becoming urgent. PCR-based techniques allowed development of useful tools for the identification of phytoplasmas; standard protocols include nested PCR amplification of phytoplasma 16S rDNA using universal or group specific primers and RFLP analyses in order to determine the taxonomic (ribosomal group/subgroup) affiliation. Further molecular characterization, performed by sequence analyses on genes less conserved than 16S rDNA, found additional markers useful for developing suitable analytical tests for faster and specific detection of FD and BN phytoplasmas. Up to now, innovative molecular approaches developed to this aim are: (i) Real Time PCR and reverse transcription – Real Time PCR for the detection of phytoplasmas associated with FD and BN; (ii) nanobiotransducer for detecting FD phytoplasmas; (iii) multiplex nested PCR for simultaneous identification of FD and BN phytoplasmas; (iv) Ligase Detection Reaction (LDR) DNA microarray to detect and distinguish FD and BN phytoplasmas.
Furthermore, multiple gene sequence analyses (Multi Locus Sequence Typing, MLST) on ribosomal (rplV-rpsC) and non ribosomal (secY, map, uvrB, degV, hlyC, vmp, and tuf) genes highlighted an unexpected genetic heterogeneity among both FD and BN phytoplasma populations, identifying different FD and BN phytoplasma strains that can be associated with specific ecological niches (plant hosts, insect vectors, geographic origin). MLST analyses improved the chance to associate phytoplasma-specific molecular markers with biological features, opening new perspectives for the studies of FD and BN epidemiology
Grapevine collections free from pathogens: tools and their application
No full textThe grapevine collections are very important tools to maintain grapevine biodiversity and historical germoplasm as well however in several cases especially grapevine from poor cultivated or non commercial varieties could be infected by several graft transmissible pathogens such as viruses, phytoplasmas and other systemic bacteria. In the majority of the cases these pathogens are not inducing evident symptomatology in short time after grafting therefore the possibly infected material of collection could represent a dangerous pathogen reservoir.
In order to control pathogen presence in already made collections and to prevent the spreading of the above pathogens together with the grapevine germplasm to other collections. Then, it is mandatory to exclude presence of quarantine pathogens such as “flavescece dorée” (FD) phytoplasmas and advisable to exclude relevant pathogens for quality such as viruses and phytoplasmas agent of “bois noir”, by using the most sensitive detection techniques available. It is advisable however to acquire any possible information concerning the phytosanitary status of the circulating grapevine material in order to prevent possible unforeseen outbreak of disease such as those occurred for FD disease when a grapevine insect such as Scaphoideus titanus (previously named Scaphoideus littoralis) was introduced in Europe. It is known in fact that a high number of different phytoplasmas are able to infect grapevine worldwide in the presence of appropriate insect vector or by grafting or micropropagation techniques application and crown gall is an old severely remerging disease at least in the major viticultural areas of EU and US.
First step before transferring germplasm among collection must be the verification of their sanitary status taking into account that tests to verify virus and bacteria presence should be carried out preferably during winter/spring time while those to detect phytoplasmas are more sensitive in Summer and Fall periods and the most sensitive techniques such as ELISA and PCR must be employed.
In the case of germplasm having no clean plants available after the survey it is necessary to clean the material using thermotherapy and or shoot tip culture in order to eliminate the pathogens. These techniques are not eliminating the pathogens from all the produced material therefore molecular tests are again necessary to assess the grapevine health status before the material can be employed for collection and/or field dissemination. In case of virus or phytoplasma infected grapevine germplasm of unique genetic value it must be maintained under insect proof condition while it is infected in order to avoid contamination of other germplasm in the same collection. In the same way the clean germplams should also be protected in insect proof environment in order to avoid its recontamination. It is also very important to keep the collection clean from insect that are virus (mealy bugs and scale insects) or phytoplasma vectors (leafhopper and cixiids) and also the soil must be clean from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and collection should be protected from frost or mechanical damages increasing crown gall dissemination
Detection of phytoplasmas in plantlets grown from different batches of seed-potatoes.
No full textDuring 2006 and 2007 eight batches of seed potatoes collected in different locations, and belonging to one cultivar were planted
in spring under greenhouse conditions and tested after 2 months to verify phytoplasma presence. A total of 635 asymptomatic
plantlets were examined. Nucleic acid was extracted from small shoots from either a single plant or from batches of 3 plants each.
Nested PCR on both single and grouped samples with general ribosomal primers, without spacer region allowed specific phytoplasma
detection. Phytoplasmas belonging to diverse ribosomal groups were identified after RFLP analyses according to the batch
tested. Ribosomal subgroups 16SrI-B (related to ‘Candidatus phytoplasma asteris’), 16SrI-C (related to clover phyllody: CPh),
16SrII-D (related to tomato big bud from Australia: TBB), 16SrX-A (related to ‘Ca. P. mali’), and 16SrXII-A (related to stolbur)
were identified in different percentages. After further validation tests, the system can be used to screen high quality seed potatos
for phytoplasmas
Bominaco. Santa Maria Assunta e San Pellegrino
No full textQuesto libro nasce invece per un motivo ben preciso, costruire un ponte, il più solido possibile, tra cent’anni di studi scientifici e le necessità di offrire un racconto cruciale alle comunità di bominaco e Caporciano, ma non solo. Si vuole tentare un’impresa ardua, affrontare la storia artistica e architettonica del complesso monastico di Santa Maria Assunta e San Pellegrino, nella loro accezione più ampia, garantendo alle diverse tipologie di lettori la più utile e larga comprensione. Questo patrimonio di primissimo piano, oggi gelosamente custodito dai cittadini, è dalla sua vera e propria riscoperta una delle più rilevanti emergenze artistiche e architettoniche medievali d’Abruzzo, della penisola, e perché no, della nostra Europa. La necessità di questa monografia appare evidente. La volontà precipua è quella di realizzare una pubblicazione estesa, sfaccettata, dall’innovativo apparato fotografico, con un testo relativamente agile alla lettura, dal calibrato ma nella sostanza essenziale numero di note e riferimenti bibliografici. Un’opera che tenga insieme le conoscenze acquisite e sedimentate alle più recenti ipotesi, che stimoli ulteriori approfondimenti ma che soddisfi anche la necessità di una panoramica conoscitiva dei monumenti: la cifra è quella di un testo di storia dell’arte, con alcuni preziosi interventi sulla storia e sul patrimonio documentario superstite. Un pilastro del libro è la scelta iconografica, che è stata elaborata attraverso un costante dialogo tra gli artefici: la fotografia è una via alternativa alla comprensione di questi monumenti e delle sue opere d’arte, un percorso visivo che può amalgamarsi con il testo ma anche vivere di vita propria
Adattamento italiano del BRIEF-P Behavior Rating Inventory Of Executive Function. Preschool version.
No full textValutazione precoce: costruito per rilevare il comportamento di bambini di età compresa tra i 2 e i 5 anni, il BRIEF-P offre la possibilità di un assessment strutturato del funzionamento esecutivo in una fascia di età molto precoce, massimizzando l’opportunità di rilevare carenze e difficoltà e di intervenire tempestivamente.
Focalizzazione sui comportamenti nei contesti di vita: la struttura a questionario consente di sistematizzare la frequenza di comportamenti agiti dal bambino nella vita di tutti i giorni; la compilazione indipendente da parte di insegnanti o genitori, permette di registrare informazioni sulle manifestazioni delle funzioni esecutive in contesti diversi, particolarmente utili a livello clinico e diagnostico.
Vasta letteratura di riferimento e trial clinici: il BRIEF-P è utilizzato in tutto il mondo per la particolare combinazione tra agilità e affidabilità nei più diversi trial clinici, proprio perché può contare su una corposa letteratura a supporto della sua riconosciuta e condivisa validità, e quindi essere applicato sia per la diagnosi clinica che per la valutazione degli esiti in un ampio range di condizioni di sviluppo atipico.The BRIEF-P is the first standardized rating scale designed to specifically measure the range of executive function in preschool-aged children.
Features and benefits
Measures multiple aspects of executive functioning; scales include Inhibit, Shift, Emotional Control, Working Memory, and Plan/Organize.
Useful in assessing preschool-aged children with such medical, acquired neurological, and developmental conditions as prematurity, emerging learning disabilities and attention disorders, language disorders, traumatic brain injuries, lead exposure, and pervasive developmental disorders/autism.
Test structure
A single Rating Form allows parents, teachers, and day care providers to rate a child’s executive functions within the context of his or her everyday environments—home and preschool.
Three broad indexes (Inhibitory Self-Control, Flexibility, and Emergent Metacognition), one composite score, and two validity scales (Inconsistency and Negativity) are provided
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