16 research outputs found
Oral carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in people with different body mass index
No full textBackground: The association between obesity and the oral microbiome has received great attention. Objective: This study aimed to determine the association of oral Staphylococcus aureus with different body mass index people. Material and Methods: A total of 155 saliva samples were collected. The individuals were grouped into three categories according to their BMI, normal weight, overweight and obese individuals. A loopful of saliva sample was cultured and incubated at 37 °C for 24. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were diagnosed by colony characteristics, morphology, and biochemical tests. Results: The oral carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 61.3% (65.1% females and 56.5% males). The Staphylococcus aureus rate was 68% in married and 60% in single people. The differences of oral carriage rates of Staphylococcus aureus in obese (73.6%) and overweight (85.4%) populations was statistically significant (p<0.0001) compared to the rate in normal weight group (34%). Among males, the highest oral carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus was in overweight individuals (82.6%). Likewise, in females, the highest rate of salivary Staphylococcus aureus was among the overweight group (88.9%). Regarding marital status, in single people, the differences of Staphylococcus aureus in obese (p=0.0003) and overweight (p<0.0001) people was significantly compared to normal weight people. But, in married people, the differences in Staphylococcus aureus rates among all groups were statistically not significant (p=0.0935). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus was significantly related to overweight and obese individuals. The human oral Staphylococcus aureus may play a key role in the manifestation of obesity. The oral microbiota could provide a new target for improving the physical well being of humans
Oral carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in people with different body mass index
No full textBackground: The association between obesity and the oral microbiome has received great attention. Objective: This study aimed to determine the association of oral Staphylococcus aureus with different body mass index people. Material and Methods: A total of 155 saliva samples were collected. The individuals were grouped into three categories according to their BMI, normal weight, overweight and obese individuals. A loopful of saliva sample was cultured and incubated at 37°C for 24. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were diagnosed by colony characteristics, morphology, and biochemical tests. Results: The oral carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 61.3% (65.1% females and 56.5% males). The Staphylococcus aureus rate was 68% in married and 60% in single people. The differences of oral carriage rates of Staphylococcus aureus in obese (73.6%) and overweight (85.4%) populations was statistically significant (p<0.0001) compared to the rate in normal weight group (34%). Among males, the highest oral carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus was in overweight individuals (82.6%). Likewise, in females, the highest rate of salivary Staphylococcus aureus was among the overweight group (88.9%). Regarding marital status, in single people, the differences of Staphylococcus aureus in obese (p=0.0003) and overweight (p<0.0001) people was significantly compared to normal weight people. But, in married people, the differences in Staphylococcus aureus rates among all groups were statistically not significant (p=0.0935). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureuswas significantly related to overweight and obese individuals. The human oral Staphylococcus aureus may play a key role in the manifestation of obesity. The oral microbiota could provide a new target for improving the physical well being of humans.Antecedentes: la asociación entre la obesidad y el microbioma oral ha recibido gran atención. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la asociación de Staphylococcus aureus oral en personas con diferentes índices de masa corporal. Material y Métodos: Se recolectaron un total de 155 muestras de saliva. Los individuos fueron agrupados en tres categorías según su indice de masa corporal: normopeso, sobrepeso y obesos. Se cultivó un asa de muestra de saliva y se incubó a 37°C durante 24 horas. Los aislamientos de Staphylococcus aureus se identificaron mediante las características de la colonia, la morfología y las pruebas bioquímicas. Resultados:La tasa de colonización oral por Staphylococcus aureus fue del 61,3% (65,1% mujeres y 56,5% hombres). La tasa de colonización por Staphylococcus aureus fue del 68% en casados y del 60% en solteros. Las diferencias de las tasas de portación oral de Staphylococcus aureus en las poblaciones obesas (73,6%) y con sobrepeso (85,4%) fueron estadísticamente significativas (p<0,0001) en comparación con la tasa en el grupo de peso normal (34.0%). Entre los hombres, la tasa más alta de portadores orales de Staphylococcus aureusfue en individuos con sobrepeso (82,6%). En las mujeres, la tasa más alta de Staphylococcus aureus salival se también se presentó en el grupo con sobrepeso (88,9 %). En cuanto al estado civil, en solteros, las diferencias de Staphylococcus aureus en obesos (p=0,0003) y con sobrepeso (p<0,0001) fueron significativas compararadas con normopeso. Pero, en personas casadas, las diferencias en las tasas de Staphylococcus aureus entre todos los grupos no fueron estadísticamente significativas (p=0,0935). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus salival se relacionó significativamente en individuos con sobrepeso y obesidad. El Staphylococcus aureus oral humano puede jugar un papel clave en la manifestación de la obesidad. La microbiota oral podría proporcionar una nueva diana para mejorar el estado físico de los humanos
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogenic E. coli among people in Zakho, Iraq
No full textBackground: Antimicrobial resistance in uropathogenic E. coli is of major concern worldwide due to its increasing resistance to several commonly prescribed antibiotics. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and to evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of uropathogenic E. coli among people in Zakho city, Iraq.Methods: 1120 urine samples were collected from people. Samples were screened for E. coli isolates and their susceptibility to different antibiotics was analyzed.Results: Diagnoses tests showed that only 106 (9.4%) isolates were E. coli. Females (90, 85%) were more susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs) than males (16, 15%) (p <0.05). The age 11-21 years old (23, 21.7%) was the most affected group (p <0.05). All isolates were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and aztreonam. While, all these isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.Conclusions: The incidence of uropathogenic E. coli among people is comparable with reports from elsewhere. E. coli isolates are highly susceptible towards imipenem, and meropenem antibiotics, and highly resistant towards β-lactam and cephalosporins antibiotics. Education programs and improving the hygienic measures are necessary to prevent contaminations with E. coli and minimize the use of β-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics
Prevalence and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta-Lactamases-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated in Zakho, Iraq
No full textIncidence of Urinary Tract Infections, Etiological Agents, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Among Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women in Amedi Region, Iraq
No full textUrinary tract infection is a bacterial infection caused by bacteria from the digestive tract entering the urinary tract. It is more prevalent in women and remains the most common bacterial infection in humans. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women, identify and diagnose uropathogenic bacteria, and examine the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria. A total of 283 urine specimens were collected from pregnant and non-pregnant females of different ages who visited Amedi hospital between October 2020 and January 2021. The samples were cultured and incubated on Blood agar and MacConkey agar plates for 24 hours at 37°C. Bacterial isolates were identified and their antibiotic sensitivity was assessed using the Vitek-2 method. The study found a total UTI rate of 42.4% (120/283), with higher rates in pregnant patients (58.3%) compared to non-pregnant patients (41.7%). Among 120 positive urine cultures, bacterial isolates were identified in 92.5% (111/120), with Gram-positive bacteria being more prevalent (51.4%) than Gram-negative (48.6%). The most common Gram-negative bacteria was Escherichia coli (29.7%), while Gram-positive bacteria included Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Streptococcus agalactiae (each 12.6%; 14/111). The rate of fungal positive cultures (Candida spp.) was 7.5%. Gram-negative isolates showed high sensitivity to tigecycline (99.0%) and ertapenem (80.6%), but low sensitivity to ampicillin (2.7%) and cefuroxime (16.1%). Gram-positive isolates were highly sensitive to linezolid (98.7%) and tigecycline (98.5%). The findings of this study are valuable for understanding the nature of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and guiding appropriate treatment, leading to a reduction in the misuse of antibiotics.
Keywords: Urinary tract infection; Pregnancy; Antibiogram; Uropathogenic bacteria; Iraq
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RHIZOBIAL ISOLATES IN IRAQ: A FIRST RECORD OF SYMBIOSIS
No full textRhizobia can fix atmospheric nitrogen and they have a good potential of use as biological control agents against human pathogens and soil borne plant pathogens. This research aimed to isolate and characterize of local isolates of rhizobia using conventional methods. 42 rhizobial isolates were isolated from root nodules of different host plants from different cultural areas in different cities in Iraq. The rhizobial cultures were purified and their agronomic and biochemical characteristics were studied. Three rhizobial isolates, viz: OJ27, OJ29 and OJ31 were isolated from root nodules of Bauhinia purpurea L. and Parkinsonia aculeata L, respectively. Rhizobial genera and species of these isolates were still unknown. A first record of isolation of rhizobial bacteria from root nodules/swellings of Catalpa speciose L. All isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin. A high tolerance to Pb (CH3COO)2 were obtained with the exception of R. grahamii OJ26. A maximum mean value of inhibition zone was noticed 18.6 mm when filtrate culture of OJ31 were applied against Candida albicans AS43. A maximum effect of rhizobial filtrate culture of R. leuguminisarm bv. phaseoli OJ6 against a pathogenic plant Aspergillus niger BI1 was 15.6 mm inhibition zone diameter, whereas a minimum effect was 7.0 mm when Ensifer fredii bv. fredii OJ12 filtrate culture applied against Fusarium solani BI2. It was concluded that there was a potential with the isolates for detail research work for production of exopolysaccharides and antimicrobial activity
Prevalence and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta-Lactamases-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated in Zakho, Iraq
No full textMapping the laminin receptor binding domains of Neisseria meningitidis PorA and Haemophilus influenzae OmpP2
No full textNeisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are major bacterial agents of meningitis. They each bind the 37/67-kDa laminin receptor (LamR) via the surface protein adhesins: meningococcal PilQ and PorA, H. influenzae OmpP2 and pneumococcal CbpA. We have previously reported that a surface-exposed loop of the R2 domain of CbpA mediates LamR-binding. Here we have identified the LamR-binding regions of PorA and OmpP2. Using truncated recombinant proteins we show that binding is dependent on amino acids 171–240 and 91–99 of PorA and OmpP2, respectively, which are predicted to localize to the fourth and second surface-exposed loops, respectively, of these proteins. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the loops bound LamR and could block LamR-binding to bacterial ligands in a dose dependant manner. Meningococci expressing PorA lacking the apex of loop 4 and H. influenzae expressing OmpP2 lacking the apex of loop 2 showed significantly reduced LamR binding. Since both loops are hyper-variable, our data may suggest a molecular basis for the range of LamR-binding capabilities previously reported among different meningococcal and H. influenzae strains
Amino acids 91–99 of recombinant OmpP2 exhibit LamR-binding activity.
No full text<p>(A) Schematic showing the recombinant derivatives of <i>H. influenzae</i> Rd KW20 OmpP2 utilized in this study and a summary of their respective LamR-binding activities. L1–L8 denotes the eight extra-cellular loops based on the model of Srikumar <i>et al. </i><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0046233#pone.0046233-Srikumar1" target="_blank">[24]</a>. (B) Binding of LamR to the solid phase antigens OmpP2<sup>24–359</sup>, OmpP2<sup>24–225</sup> OmpP2<sup>224–359</sup>. (C) Binding of LamR to OmpP2<sup>24–359</sup>, OmpP2<sup>Δ45–61</sup>, OmpP2<sup>Δ91–99</sup>, OmpP2<sup>Δ125–151</sup> and OmpP2<sup>Δ177–195</sup>. Data shown in each panel are means from three independent experiments; in each experiment each sample was tested in triplicate. ** <i>p</i><0.01 compared to binding with matching OmpP2<sup>24–359</sup> samples. Error bars indicate SEM.</p
PorA loop 4 and OmpP2 loop 2 peptides bind LamR.
No full text<p>(A) Binding of LamR to OmpP2 loop 2 (labeled L2), OmpP2 loop 2scr (L2scr), PorA loop 4 (L4), PorA loop 4scr (L4scr) or PorA loop 1 (L1) coated ELISA plates. Results shown are means of triplicate wells from a representative example from two independent experiments. (B) Binding of DIG-labeled LamR to PorA<sup>20–392</sup> in the presence of 0.5, 10, 50 or 100 µg of peptide corresponding to PorA loop 4 (L4) or loop 1 (L1). The binding of LamR to PorA<sup>20–392</sup> in the absence of peptide served as a negative control for inhibition. * <i>p</i><0.05 compared to binding in the absence of peptide. ** <i>p</i><0.01 compared to binding in the absence of peptide. Data shown are means from three independent experiments; in each experiment each sample was tested in triplicate. Error bars indicate SEM.</p
