7 research outputs found
Right Hilar Mass Diagnosed by Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transvascular Needle Aspiration
No full textCOVID-19 and its effects on occurrence of new tuberculosis Cases: An experience from a tertiary care university hospital of Southern India
No full textPredictors of mortality of severe sepsis among adult patients in the medical Intensive Care Unit
No full textBackground: Sepsis is an important cause of mortality in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) worldwide. Information regarding early predictive factors for mortality and morbidity is limited. Aims and Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to estimate the mortality of severe sepsis among adult patients admitted into the medical ICU. The secondary objective was to identify the predictors associated with mortality. Materials and Methods: Adult patients admitted with severe sepsis in the medical ICU were studied. The primary outcome was the mortality among the study population. Baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded upon inclusion into the study. Risk factors associated with mortality were studied by univariate analysis. The variables having statistical significance were further included in multivariate analysis to identify the independent predictors of mortality. Results: Out of eighty patients, 54 (67.5%) died. Univariate analysis showed that age >60 years, tachycardia, hypotension, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate, thrombocytopenia, need of mechanical ventilation, and high Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were variables associated with high mortality. The independent predictors of mortality identified by multivariate regression analysis were platelet count below 1 lakhs, serum levels of CRP >100, APACHE II score >25 on the day of admission to the ICU with severe sepsis, and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: Low platelet count, elevated serum levels of CRP, APACHE score >25, and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation were found to be independent predictors of mortality of severe sepsis among adult patients with severe sepsis in the medical ICU
Good's Syndrome Presenting With Weaning Failure From Ventilation and Myasthenia Gravis in a Post‐Thymectomy Patient
No full textABSTRACT Good's syndrome is a rare adult‐onset immunodeficiency associated with thymoma, hypogammaglobulinemia, and cellular immune dysfunction. We report a man in his 50s with a prior thymectomy who presented with recurrent pneumonia, chronic diarrhoea, and failure to wean from non‐invasive ventilation. Flow cytometry revealed absent B cells and an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio, confirming Good's syndrome. He also developed myasthenia gravis, which contributed to ventilatory failure but improved with pyridostigmine. The patient responded well to monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and remained clinically stable at follow‐up. This case emphasises the importance of suspecting Good's syndrome in patients with thymoma and unexplained infections, as early recognition and timely immunoglobulin replacement are essential for improving outcomes
Perception of the Community in Kerala on COVID-19 Infection and Its Preventive Measures
No full textBackground:
COVID-19 pandemic was started in December 2019. It has variable presentation from mild sore throat to severe respiratory distress. As we had seen there are no signs of it ending soon. Role of medical management in treatment is limited and so prevention of infection is the best mode to control the spread. It is important to identify people’s awareness about the infection.
Aims:
The aim of this study was to assess the awareness and their perception among people of kerala regarding outbreak, symptoms, preventive measures and treatment of covid-19.
Objective:
The primary objective was to evaluate the perception of the community in kerala on COVID-19 infection and its preventive measures. The secondary objective was to assess the factors affecting the awareness of COVID-19 among the community.
Materials and Methods:
An online survey was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021 among kerala community in relation to their perception towards Covid 19 infection and its preventive measures.
Results:
Total number of responses received were 610. Total 58.2% of the people agreed that the disease was contagious and spread by droplet, 84.1% of the people knew about asymptomatic carriers, 71.6% of the people believed that infection was curable while 18.5% were not sure about it. 6.1% thought that infection was incurable. Uni-variate analysis showed that neither gender, nor the socioeconomic or education status of the responder affected their level of knowledge about COVID-19.
Conclusion:
The study showed that the respondents had adequate awareness about COVID-19 outbreak and its preventive measures. People were aware of the virus, its common symptoms, prevention, lab tests and medical facilities. People understood the importance of preventive measures prescribed by the government like social distancing, hand washing, usage of face masks
Experimental and modelling investigation of the deformation, drag and break-up of drizzle droplets subjected to strong aerodynamics forces in relation to SLD aircraft icing
No full textThe distortion, drag and break-up of drizzle droplets subjected to strong aerodynamic
forces was investigated to understand the pre-impact behaviour of droplets in aircraft
icing from supercooled freezing drizzle. The objective was to obtain a formulation and
data for the drag properties of droplets distorted by the aerodynamic forces, which were
beyond the scope of available experimental and modelling methods.
A practical and efficient semi-empirical computer model was developed for small water
droplets in air, 100μm < D < 500μm, at moderate Reynolds numbers, 350 < Re < 1500,
and high Weber numbers 3 < We < 20. This used available experimental terminal velocity
data for free-falling droplets, extrapolated to higher Weber numbers, and the numerical
solution for sessile droplets on a horizontal unwettable surface, with corrections for
the Reynolds number.
A theory for bag break-up was developed based on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability of
the windward droplet surface. The critical Bond number was 13.7, with a critical diameter
of 10.1mm for free-falling water droplets, compared to the experimental value of
10mm diameter. The equivalent Weber number was 14.2 for free falling water droplets.
Aerodynamic interaction between the closely-spaced droplets from a vibrating nozzle
droplet generator resulted in irregular spacing and coalescence of droplets. In an alternative
design a laminar jet impinged on a rotating slotted disk to achieve the necessary
droplet spacing, but the significant size variability of the droplets degraded the experimental
measurements.
High-speed videos, to 50,000pps, and photographs were obtained of droplet distortion,
break-up, coalescence and splashes using a high-intensity LED strobe flash.
A specially-designed convergent wind tunnel was developed for experimental measurements,
to validated the drag model and provide data for droplets distorted by aerodynamic
forces. The convergent profile produced a rapidly-increasing Weber number at a
sufficiently slow rate to avoid transients or droplet vibrations.
A special instrument was developed, with three equispaced parallel laser beams and
photo detectors, to determine the droplet velocity and acceleration. Droplet drag characteristics
were measured up to Weber numbers of 16.
Good agreement was obtained between droplet drag model and experimental results.
The greatest discrepancy was about 20% at a Weber number of about 8
