20 research outputs found
Factors Affecting Metformin Plasma Concentrations
No full textThe attached document may provide the author's accepted version of a published work. See Citation for details of the published work
Towards a model for indigenous architecture in Kuwait
No full textEver since the early 1960s, and following the discovery of oil, there has been a revolution in the culture of Kuwait
which has disturbed the concept of the built environment. The decision- making became dominated by people from
other countries that did not recognise the heritage and symbolic way of life of Kuwaiti people or regarded these
backward and unworthy of respect. In architectural terms, centuries of inherited building patterns that adapted to and
celebrated the environment were replaced by buildings constructed for display and not to meet the functional
requirements of the natural and social setting.Concern for this situation is shared by the author and many other architects in Kuwait, who seek to build a living
environment in a way that embodies the indigenous knowledge. The intention is therefore to explore the resources of
the past and collate these into a discourse to inspire those responsible in shaping the built environment to express this
culture and way of life.The main aim is to preserve what little evidence remains of the past as a document. Very few old buildings are still
standing and all urban spaces have been lost. The author has therefore needed to refer to other sources of information.
The first part of the thesis builds up a body of knowledge from literature sources, the author's childhood recollections
and from lengthy discussions with elderly people once involved in building and crafts and using their own dialec
Quantitative evaluation of vascular morphogenesis during distraction osteogenesis
No full textPLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please log in with a valid BU account to access and click Download. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact [email protected] (MSD) --Boston University, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2009 (Department of Prosthodontics).Includes bibliography: leaves 53-59.Introduction: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a unique surgical method of applied mechanical tension that is applied to an osteotomy and which enhances new bone formation. Osteogenesis that occurs during DO has been shown to be dependent on the formation of blood vessels. Two separate processes contribute to new vessel formation arteriogenesis (large vessel formation) and angiogenesis (small vessel and capillary formation). Methods were developed using contrast enhanced Micro-CT to quantify the simultaneous structural development of vascular and osteogenic tissues during distraction osteogenesis DO and assess the contributions of these two processes during DO induced vascular tissues formation.
Materials and Methods: Femur distraction osteogenesis was carried out using a monolateral fixator on male wild type mice (C57BL/6J) over a 3lday period. Contrast enhanced Micro-CT was used for quantify vascular morphogenesis across the time course of DO. Both total and regional analysis of vessel volume, thickness, connectivity, number, separation, and degree of anisotropy within the gap both inside (intraosteal) and outside (extraosteal) of the periosteal boundary, and in proximal, central and distal thirds of the regenerate were determined.
Results: Within the total gap region vessel volume was statistically greater at the end of the consolidation period (31 days post surgery) from both the baseline at the end of the latency period (7 days post surgery) and at 7 days after distraction was initiated (14 days post surgery). Total vessel thickness was statistically greater at the end of the active distraction period at 17 days post surgery. Total vessel volume was statistically greater at all times in the extraosteal region while vessel connectivity was greater at all times in the intraosteal region . Analysis of vessel volume in the proximal to distal orientation always showed statistically greater values in the proximal and central regions in both intra and extraosteal regions. Increasing connectivity was seen in the same proximal to distal manner but only in the analysis of the intraosteal regions. Co-registration methods to align images of bone and vessels were developed using image reconstruction software, and showed the feasibility of obtaining simultaneous measurements of both bone and vessel tissues from the same specimens.
Conclusion: During the period of active distraction vessel volume increased primarily through increasing vessel thickness while during the period of consolidation total vessel volume and connectivity increased . These data suggest that arteriogenesis occurred primarily during the period of active distraction and preceded angiogenesis that occurred during consolidation phase. Analysis of regional differences in vessel formation suggest that proximal to distal orientation of tensile strain may play a role in providing the signals that direct the spatial orientation of new vessel formation in the DO regenerate. The intense period of angiogenesis and its spatial association with the intraosteal region suggests that biological factors produced during the maturation of bone tissues during consolidation promote angiogenesis
Hepatitis C Infection among Intravenous Drug Users. “A Silent Disease in an Invisible Population”
No full textFour Truths of Storytelling and Coauthorship in Feminist Alliance Work
No full textFor those who work in alliances across borders, coauthoring stories can become a powerful tool to mobilize experience in order to write against relations of power that produce violence, and to imagine and enact contextually grounded visions and ethics of social change. Such work means not only grappling with the complexities of identity, representation, and political imagination, but also rethinking assumptions and possibilities associated with engagement, expertise, and the very ideas of storytelling and authorship. Drawing on partnerships with sangtins and others, this chapter reflects on the labor process, assumptions, possibilities, and risks associated with coauthorship as a medium for mobilizing intellectual spaces, in which stories from multiple locations in an alliance can speak with one another and evolve into more nuanced critical interventions that destabilize dominant discourses and methodologies. The chapter ends with the last scene of a play in Hindi and Awadhi that the author wrote with members and supporters of Sangtin Kisaan Mazdoor Sangathan (SKMS), Aag Lagi Hai Jangal Ma (The Forest Is Burning), in 2010. Even as this scene articulates the ways in which rural lives and livelihoods are relentlessly violated by structures of power and by our own complicities with those structures, it calls for continuing to place our hopes in fighting, dreaming, writing, and singing together.</p
High burden of rheumatic diseases in Lebanon: A COPCORD study
No full textAim: To estimate the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in Lebanon and to explore their distribution by geographic location, age, and gender. Method: Using the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) methodology, a random sample of 3530 individuals aged 15 and above was interviewed from the six Lebanese governorates. Positive respondents were evaluated by rheumatologists using the internationally accepted classification criterion of the American College of Rheumatology for the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases. Results: Prevalence rates of current and past musculoskeletal problems were 24.4percent and 8.4percent, respectively. Shoulder (14.3percent), knee (14.2percent) and back (13.6percent) were the most common pain sites. Point prevalence of rheumatic diseases was 15.0percent. The most frequent types of rheumatic diseases were of mechanical origin, namely soft tissue rheumatism (5.8percent) and osteoarthritis (4.0percent). Rheumatoid arthritis (1.0percent) and spondylathropathies (0.3percent) constituted the most common inflammatory diseases. Coastal areas had the lowest prevalence of all diseases except for fibromyalgia. All diseases showed an increasing prevalence pattern with age and a higher prevalence among women than men. Conclusion: This is the first study to give population-based estimates of rheumatic diseases in Lebanon. The high burden calls for public health attention for early detection, control and prevention of these conditions. Point prevalence of individual diseases was within the range of results from other COPCORD surveys with some variations that can be attributed to differences in methodology and geo-ethnic factors. © 2011 The Authors. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases © 2011 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.Al-Awadhi A, 2002, J RHEUMATOL, V29, P1754; Al-Awadhi AM, 2004, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V22, P177; Al-Awadhi AM, 2005, ANN SAUDI MED, V25, P459; ALDALAAN A, 1997, BEHCETS DIS, P170; ALRAWI ZS, 1978, ANN RHEUM DIS, V37, P73, DOI 10.1136-ard.37.1.73; Alvarez-nemegyei J, 2010, J RHEUMATOL, V37, P21; ASSAAD-KHALIL S, 1997, BEHCETS DIS, P173; Atik OS, 2010, EKLEM HAST CERRAHISI, V21, P123; Awada Hassane, 1995, Arthritis and Rheumatism, V38, pS203; Azizlerli G, 2003, INT J DERMATOL, V42, P803, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-4362.2003.01893.x; Baddoura R, 2006, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V25, P700, DOI 10.1007-s10067-005-0136-7; Central Administration for statistics, 2006, LIV COND HOUS; Chopra A, 2008, BEST PRACT RES CL RH, V22, P583, DOI 10.1016-j.berh.2008.07.001; DARWISH MJ, 1987, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V16, P420, DOI 10.1093-ije-16.3.420; Davatchi F, 2008, J RHEUMATOL, V35, P7; Davatchi F, 2009, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V28, P1267, DOI 10.1007-s10067-009-1234-8; Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESC-WA), 2004, AG AR COUNTR REG VAR; Haq SA, 2005, J RHEUMATOL, V32, P348; Jaber L, 2002, ANN RHEUM DIS, V61, P365, DOI 10.1136-ard.61.4.365; Joshi VL, 2009, J RHEUMATOL, V36, P3; Klein P, 2010, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V29, P1163, DOI 10.1007-s10067-010-1472-9; Klippel JH, 2001, PRIMER RHEUMATIC DIS; Lau CS, 2007, NAT CLIN PRACT RHEUM, V3, P119, DOI 10.1038-ncprheum0433; Minaur N, 2004, J RHEUMATOL, V31, P965; Pelaez-Ballestas I, 2011, J RHEUMATOL, V38, P3, DOI 10.3899-jrheum.100951; Reijman M, 2007, ANN RHEUM DIS, V66, P158, DOI 10.1136-ard.2006.053538; Sibai AM, 2003, OBES RES, V11, P1353, DOI 10.1038-oby.2003.183; Sibai AM, 2004, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V82, P219; Uthman I, 1997, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V36, P806; Veerapen K, 2007, J RHEUMATOL, V34, P207; Woolf AD, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P64634
Coping and disability: Evidence from a developing country
No full textAim: In view of the increasing burden of musculoskeletal-related disability, the growing number of older persons and the scarcity of research on musculoskeletal conditions in the Eastern Mediterranean region, coping with musculoskeletal problems deserves special attention. This paper examines how good coping links to musculoskeletal-related disability among Lebanese citizens aged 15years and older. Methods: The sample included 200 people living in southern Lebanon and who participated in the Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) survey. Disability and coping were assessed using self-reported questions. Covariates included demographics, musculoskeletal pain variables, and body mass index (BMI). Results: Around one-third of the sample had lifetime functional disability due to musculoskeletal problems and 62percent were coping well with their problems. Adjusted data showed that the odds of musculoskeletal-related disability among individuals who were not coping well was 2.35 times the odds of disability among individuals who were coping well with 95percent CI=1.10-5.02. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the importance of complementing pharmacological treatment with a cognitive-behavioral approach for management of musculoskeletal problems. © 2011 The Authors. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases © 2011 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.Abu-Laban B., 1980, OLIVE BRANCH FAMILY; Al-Awadhi AM, 2004, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V22, P177; Al-Awadhi AM, 2005, ANN SAUDI MED, V25, P459; Asenlof P, 2005, J PAIN, V6, P588, DOI 10.1016-j.jpain.2005.03.008; BADLEY EM, 1994, J RHEUMATOL, V21, P505; CHAAYA M, 2009, AGEING SOC IN PRESS, P1; Chang EC, 1996, J COUNS PSYCHOL, V43, P113, DOI 10.1037-0022-0167.43.1.113; Chopra A, 2001, J Assoc Physicians India, V49, P240; Chopra A, 2002, J RHEUMATOL, V29, P614; Cutolo M, 1999, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V17, P515; DARMAWAN J, 1992, ANN RHEUM DIS, V51, P525, DOI 10.1136-ard.51.4.525; DiMatteo MR, 2000, ARCH INTERN MED, V160, P2101, DOI 10.1001-archinte.160.14.2101; Essau CA, 1996, J CROSS CULT PSYCHOL, V27, P315, DOI 10.1177-0022022196273004; Farhood LF, 1999, ARCH PSYCHIAT NURS, V13, P192, DOI 10.1016-S0883-9417(99)80005-3; FLOR H, 1988, J BEHAV MED, V11, P251, DOI 10.1007-BF00844431; Geisser ME, 1998, J OCCUP REHABIL, V8, P73, DOI 10.1023-A:1023060616201; Haq SA, 2005, J RHEUMATOL, V32, P348; Karsdorp PA, 2009, EUR J PAIN, V13, P551, DOI 10.1016-j.ejpain.2009.02.001; KEEFE FJ, 1990, BEHAV THER, V21, P435, DOI 10.1016-S0005-7894(05)80357-0; Lam AG, 2004, J CROSS CULT PSYCHOL, V35, P446, DOI 10.1177-0022022104266108; Lazarus R. S., 1984, STRESS APPRAISAL COP; Leibing E, 1999, CLIN J PAIN, V15, P58, DOI 10.1097-00002508-199903000-00009; Lillefjell M, 2007, BMC MUSCULOSKEL DIS, V8, DOI 10.1186-1471-2474-8-65; Main CJ, 2002, BRIT MED J, V325, P534, DOI 10.1136-bmj.325.7363.534; Rapp SR, 2000, ARTHRIT CARE RES, V13, P270, DOI 10.1002-1529-0131(200010)13:5270::AID-ANR53.0.CO;2-A; Reginster JY, 2002, RHEUMATOLOGY, V41, P3, DOI 10.1093-rheumatology-41.suppl_1.3; Sibai AM, 2004, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V82, P219; Sinha BK, 2000, CAN J BEHAV SCI, V32, P218, DOI 10.1037-h0087118; Smolen JS, 2004, ANN RHEUM DIS, V63, P329, DOI 10.1136-ard.2004.022137; Uthman I, 1997, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V36, P806; Veerapen K, 2007, J RHEUMATOL, V34, P207; Vranceanu AM, 2009, J BONE JOINT SURG AM, V91A, P2014, DOI 10.2106-JBJS.H.01512; Widner Sabina, 1993, Clinical Gerontologist, V13, P3, DOI 10.1300-J018v13n04_02; Woolf AD, 2001, BRIT MED J, V322, P1079, DOI 10.1136-bmj.322.7294.1079; World Health Organization, 2003, WHO TECH REP SER, V919, p[i, 1]; YELIN E, 1992, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V35, P48922
How long will it take? Power biases time predictions
No full textPeople tend to underestimate the time it takes to accomplish tasks. This bias known as the planning fallacy
derives from the tendency to focus attention too narrowly on the envisaged goal and to ignore additional information that could make predictions more accurate and less biased. Drawing on recent research showing that power induces attentional focus, four studies tested the hypothesis that power strengthens the tendency to underestimate future task completion time. Across a range of task domains, and using multiple operationalizations of power, including actual control over outcomes (Study 1), priming (Studies 2 and 3), and individual differences (Study 4), power consistently led to more optimistic and less accurate time predictions. Support was found for the role of attentional focus as an underlying mechanism for those effects. Differences in optimism, self-efficacy, and mood did not contribute to the greater bias in powerful individuals’ forecasts. We discuss the implications of these findings for institutional decision processes and occupational health
Risk factors for incident symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: A population-based case control study in Lebanon
No full textObjectives: To identify risk factors for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) and explain the geographical disparities in its occurrence. Methods: A population-based case control study used data from a national Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) study conducted in Lebanon in 2009. The sample included 59 incident cases of symptomatic knee OA with no past knee injury, knee pain for a period of 12 months, and were examined by rheumatologists. One hundred and eighteen randomly sampled population-based controls were frequency matched with cases by age and gender. Results: Obesity, overweight and area of residence were significant risk factors for knee OA, after adjusting for type of job, monthly income and family history of joint problems. Conclusion: Determinants of symptomatic knee OA in Lebanon may differ by geographical location, potentially reflecting differences in social conditions, biological elements and environmental factors. The geographical differences remained significant even after accounting for investigated factors. Thus, further research is needed to explore other potential determinants, such as living conditions, biomechanical and hormonal factors. © 2013 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.Abdelhafiz AH, 2003, AGE AGEING, V32, P359, DOI 10.1093-ageing-32.3.359; AHLBERG A, 1990, INT ORTHOP, V14, P29; Al-Awadhi A, 2002, J RHEUMATOL, V29, P1754; Allen KD, 2010, J RHEUMATOL, V37, P842, DOI 10.3899-jrheum.090302; ALTMAN R, 1986, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V29, P1039, DOI 10.1002-art.1780290816; [Anonymous], 2009, GLOB HLTH RISKS MORT; Buckwalter JA, 1997, AM J SPORT MED, V25, P873, DOI 10.1177-036354659702500624; Central Administration for Statistics, 2006, STAT YB, P15; Chaaya M, 2012, INT J RHEUM DIS, V15, P136, DOI 10.1111-j.1756-185X.2011.01682.x; Charles S, 1992, CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL, V4, P545; Dahaghin S., 2009, Tehran University Medical Journal, V66, P721; Felson DT, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P728, DOI 10.1002-art.1780400420; FELSON DT, 1991, J RHEUMATOL, V18, P1587; Felson DT, 2000, ANN INTERN MED, V133, P635, DOI 10.7326-0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00016; Gupta S, 2005, RHEUMATOLOGY, V44, P1531, DOI 10.1093-rheumatology-kei049; Haq SA, 2011, INT J RHEUM DIS, V14, P122, DOI 10.1111-j.1756-185X.2011.01615.x; Kanaan ZM, 2008, GENET TEST, V12, P367, DOI 10.1089-gte.2007.0093; Katz BP, 1996, HEALTH SERV RES, V31, P125; KUJALA UM, 1994, BRIT MED J, V308, P231; Lane NE, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P854, DOI 10.1002-1529-0131(199905)42:5854::AID-ANR33.0.CO;2-I; Manninen P, 1996, INT J OBESITY, V20, P595; MaryFran S, 2001, CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL, V13, P447; McAlindon TE, 1996, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V39, P648, DOI 10.1002-art.1780390417; Murphy L, 2008, ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR, V59, P1207, DOI 10.1002-art.24021; OLIVERIA SA, 1995, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V38, P1134, DOI 10.1002-art.1780380817; Peat G, 2007, ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR, V57, P794, DOI 10.1002-art.22785; Pfleger B, 2007, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V26, P1217, DOI 10.1007-s10067-007-0645-7; Qing-yu Z, 2006, CHINESE MED J, V119, P1522; Reijman M, 2007, ANN RHEUM DIS, V66, P158, DOI 10.1136-ard.2006.053538; Roux CH, 2008, ANN RHEUM DIS, V67, P1406, DOI 10.1136-ard.2007.075952; Sandmark H, 1999, ANN RHEUM DIS, V58, P151, DOI 10.1136-ard.58.3.151; Sangha O, 2000, RHEUMATOLOGY, V39, P5; Schouten JSAG, 2002, CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL, V14, P89, DOI 10.1097-00002281-200203000-00002; Skinner J, 2006, J BONE JOINT SURG AM, V88A, P2159, DOI 10.2106-JBJS.E.00271; Spector T. D., 2004, OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE, V12, P39, DOI 10.1016-j.joca.2003.09.005; Spector TD, 1996, BRIT MED J, V312, P940; Teichtahl AJ, 2005, MED HYPOTHESES, V65, P312, DOI 10.1016-j.mehy.2005.02.026; YELIN E, 1995, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V38, P1351, DOI 10.1002-art.178038100211
Suboptimal management of rheumatoid arthritis in the Middle East and Africa: Could the EULAR recommendations be the start of a solution?
No full text[No abstract available]Adelowo OO, 2010, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V29, P593, DOI 10.1007-s10067-009-1355-0; Al-Dalaan A, 1998, ANN SAUDI MED, V18, P396; Aletaha D, 2010, ANN RHEUM DIS, V69, P1580, DOI 10.1136-ard.2010.138461; Badsha H, 2008, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V27, P739, DOI 10.1007-s10067-007-0782-z; Callahan L F, 1995, Arthritis Care Res, V8, P229, DOI 10.1002-art.1790080406; Davatchi F, 2008, J RHEUMATOL, V35, P1384; Davatchi F, 2009, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V28, P1267, DOI 10.1007-s10067-009-1234-8; Gabriel SE, 2001, RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM, V27, P269, DOI 10.1016-S0889-857X(05)70201-5; Kalla AA, 2003, BEST PRACT RES CL RH, V17, P863, DOI 10.1016-S1521-6942(03)00047-0; Lee DM, 2001, LANCET, V358, P903, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(01)06075-5; Lundkvist J, 2008, EUR J HEALTH ECON, V8, pS49, DOI 10.1007-s10198-007-0088-8; Malemba JJ, 2008, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V27, P47, DOI 10.1007-s10067-007-0650-x; Minaur NJ, 2004, J RHEUMATOL, V31, P3; Owino B O, 2009, East Afr Med J, V86, P204; Parker Romy, 2010, BMC Musculoskelet Disord, V11, P2, DOI 10.1186-1471-2474-11-2; Rkain H, 2006, JOINT BONE SPINE, V73, P278, DOI 10.1016-j.jbspin.2005.03.021; Scott DL, 2010, LANCET, V376, P1094, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(10)60826-4; Singh JA, 2012, ARTHRIT CARE RES, V64, P625, DOI 10.1002-acr.21641; Singwe-Ngandeu M, 2007, East Afr Med J, V84, P404; Smolen JS, 2010, ANN RHEUM DIS, V69, P964, DOI 10.1136-ard.2009.126532; Solomon A, 2005, SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU, V35, P122, DOI 10.1016-j.semarthrit.2005.05.005; Tikly Mohammed, 2003, MedGenMed, V5, P2; Woolf AD, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P646; World Health Organisation, 2003, WHO TECHN REP SER, V919; World Health Organization, 2011, CHRON DIS HLTH PROM; World Health Organization, 2011, GLOB HLTH OBS DAT RE; World Health Organization, 2008, GLOB BURD DIS 2004 U32
