9,517 research outputs found
The Aga Khan Health Services - International Newsletter No. 35
No full textRestructuring of Executive Responsibilities Lithotripter Brings Relief to Kidney Stone Patients in Karachi Funding Approved for New PHC Initiative in Kenya Primary Health Nurses Appointed in Health Centres in Tanzania Preventive Measures in Drought Affected India A Community-Based Child Care Centre for Working Mothers By Dr. Asif Aslam Dr. Cameruddin W. Vellani —Evolving Role of Medical Education in a Developing Country Education Minister Inaugurates Pakistan\u27s First Degree Programme in Nursing at Aga Khan University Orthopedic Workshop at Aga Khan University Zoology By Seyyed Hossein Nasr Dr. Shaukat Haroon Endowment Established at Aga Khan University The Aga Khan University Hospital Offers Treatment for Poor Patients Also Aga Khan Hospital Has Become Famous for its Discipline and Quality of Treatment First Batch of 40 Graduates from Aga Khan Universityhttps://ecommons.aku.edu/akuh_newsletter/1073/thumbnail.jp
Transcriptional Regulators of Claudins in Epithelial Tight Junctions
No full textHuman gastrointestinal tract is covered by a monolayer of specialized epithelial cells that constitute a protective barrier surface to external toxic and infectious agents along with metabolic and digestive functions. Intercellular junctions, among epithelial cells, such as desmosomes, adherens, gap, and tight junctions (TJs), not only provide mechanical integrity but also limit movement of molecules across the monolayer. TJ is a complex structure composed of approximately 35 different proteins that interact with each other at the apical side of two adjacent epithelial cells. Claudin family proteins are important members of TJ with so far 24 known isoforms in different species. Claudins are structural proteins of TJ that help to control the paracellular movement by forming fence and barrier across the epithelial monolayer. Altered function of claudins is implicated in different form of cancers, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), and leaky diarrhea. Based on their significant role in the molecular architecture of TJ, diversity, and disease association, further understanding about claudin family proteins and their genetic/epigenetic regulators is indispensable
Folio
No full textGolden Jubilee NumberArif Qureshi-Poetry-Hamd and Naat. pp. 2; Nighat Khurshid-Editorial. pp. 9-10; Mohammad Afzal Khan-From the Office of Staff Editor. pp. 11-12; Messages. pp. 13-19; Pictures-Former Principals. pp. 21-24; Folio's Journey Towards the Golden Mark. pp. 25-28; Prominent Formanites. pp. 29; Taughts now Teachers in G.F.C.C. pp. 20 & 31; Farah Mumtaz-A Touch of Friendship. pp. 31; Yasmeen Fraser-Essay-By Love Serve One Another. pp. 32; Nighat Khurshid, Alia Khan, Mohammad Asif-Interview: Justice Shamim Hussain Oadri. pp. 34-43; Alia Khan, Mohammad Asif, Nighat Khurshid-Interview: Prof. Mumtaz Ahmed. pp. 44-48; Nighat Khurshid, Alia Khan-Interview: Prof. M. A. Malik-Mystry of hand. pp. 49-51; Marina Yasmin Kunwar-Poetry-Walking by the Canal. pp. 52; Riaz Hussain-Article-A History of F.C. College. pp. 54-56; Riaz Hussain-Article-Allama Iqbal and F.C. College. pp. 57-59; Mera Sen-Reminiscences of College Life. pp. 60; Krishan Chandar-Story-The Quest. pp. 61-63; Mohammad Daheem, Waseem Anwar, Mohammad Afzal-Editorials Edited. pp. 64-68; Meral Bhan-Essay-Being a Girl Student in F.C.C. pp. 69-71; Gulzar Ahmed Qureshi-Speech-Extracts-From the Welcome Address-Formanites. pp. 72-74; Sana-ur-Rahman-Article-The Quaid-e-Azam - An Appraisal by his Contemporaries. pp. 76-88; Iqbal, S. M. Arif-Article-A Great Thinker. pp. 89-91; Mohammad Yaseen-Article-Problems of the Muslim Youth and their solutions. pp. 92-101; Mohammad Imran-Essay-Nation and Youngmen. pp. 102; Khurram Danyal-Essay-Are we on the Right Path of Life? pp. 103-104; Rana Aziz Noon-Modern Progress is a Degeneration. pp. 105-106; Mohammad Inam ul Haq-Essay-How to Educate our Villagers. pp. 107-108; Shaista-Essay-The Women of Rural Areas. pp. 109-110; Gilani Kamran-Essay-Image of the Singing Bird. pp. 112-113; Shamim Nargis Rae-On Becoming Real. pp. 114-115; Ijaz-ul-Haq-Essay-National Floral Symbol. pp. 116; Waseem Anwar-Essay-Drink deep - The Pierian Spring. pp. 117-119; Saqib Aman Naik-Essay-Salmon of the Pacific U.S.A. pp. 120; Khurram Jamil Butt-Essay-Frustration - The Universal Problem. pp. 121-122; Tahira Nayab-Article-Dreams. pp. 123-126; Aamir Nasim-A Point to Ponder. pp. 126; Shahzawaz Najmi-Poetry-The Holy Prophet (PBUH). pp. 128; Ehsan Elahi Navak-Poetry-Tribute to Iqbal. pp. 129; Sajida Jaffri-Poetry-Eagle. pp. 129; Nadeem Bukhari-Poetry-Words from my Palestinian Brothers. pp. 130; Abdul Quddus Khan-Poetry-Pearls of the Sea. pp. 130; Sajida Jaffri-Poetry-Mother. pp. 131; Ehsan Elahi Navak-Poetry-'Tis a Mad, Mad, World. pp. 132; Mohammad Siddiq Malik-Poetry-Life. pp. 133; Waseem Anwar-Poetry-A Laden Bough. pp. 134; Poetry-The English Language. pp. 135; Shaista-Poetry-Why we Study? pp. 136; Nadeem Bukhari-Poetry-Chemistry Lab. pp. 137; Ahmed Mehboob-Poetry-Limericks. pp. 138; Muhammad Ashraf Sherazi-Poetry-In the Bereavement of Beloved. pp. 139; Nighat Khurshid-Poetry-Never Bid a Farewell. pp. 140; Attia Azam-The Colourful Day In G.F.C.C. pp. 142; Nighat Khurshid-Report. pp. 143; Naureen-How Funny. pp. 144-145; Nighat Khurshid, Alia Khan-Survey Report - If you Win the Nobel Prize. pp. 146-148; Talent Galaxy. pp. 149-154; Abdus-Salam-Interesting facts. pp. 155; Hussain Masood-Quotations. pp. 155; Mian Hamid Rashid-The Best of the Worst. pp. 156; Profile - (Late) Prof. Ghulam Mohammad Malik. pp. 158; Bashir Mirza-Tribute - Prof. Ghulam Mohammad Malik. pp. 159; Rauf Ahmed-A Smiling Face. pp. 160; Folio [Urdu]. 333 p.Quaid-e-Azam. after contents; Editorial Board. 1 page after contents; Principal Prof. Nasim Zakaria. 2 pages after contents; Editorial Board. 3 pages after contents; Dr Charles W. Forman (1st Principal 1886-1888). page 21; Dr James Carruthers Rhea Ewing (2nd Principal 1888-1917), Dr Edmund Delong Lucas (3rd Principal 1917-1932), Dr Surinder Kumar Datta(4th Principal 1932-1942). page 22; Dr Charles Herbert Rice (5th Principal 1942-1950), Dr Rhea McCurdy Ewing (6th Principal 1950-1962), Prof Ernest Julian Sinclair (7th Principal 1962-1968). page 23; Dr Robert F.Tebbe (8th Principal 1968-1970), Dr Anwar M. Barkat (9th Principal 1970-1979), Prof Mohamad Yaqub Mir (10th Principal 1979-1982). page 24; Govt. F. C. College Staff 1985-86. after page 160; G.F.C.C. Sports Association 1985-86, Botany Dept. Staff. after page 160; English Deptt. 1985-1986 with the College Principal. after page 160; Quaid-e-Azam in F.C. College. before Urdu contents; Prof Ahmed Aqeel Rubi. before Urdu contents; Asif Ali Poota (Editor). before Urdu contents; Aziz ur Rehman Qureshi, Registrar. before Urdu content
Current Analytical Strategies in Studying Chromatin-Associated-Proteome (Chromatome)
No full textChromatin is a dynamic structure comprising of DNA and proteins. Its unique nature not only help to pack the DNA tightly within the cell but also is pivotal in regulating gene expression DNA replication. Furthermore it also protects the DNA from being damaged. Various proteins are involved in making a specific complex within a chromatin and the knowledge about these interacting partners is helpful to enhance our understanding about the pathophysiology of various chromatin associated diseases. Moreover, it could also help us to identify new drug targets and design more effective remedies. Due to the existence of chromatin in different forms under various physiological conditions it is hard to develop a single strategy to study chromatin associated proteins under all conditions. In our current review, we tried to provide an overview and comparative analysis of the strategies currently adopted to capture the DNA bounded protein complexes and their mass spectrometric identification and quantification. Precise information about the protein partners and their function in the DNA-protein complexes is crucial to design new and more effective therapeutic molecules against chromatin associated diseases
Lightweight Prompt Learning Implicit Degradation Estimation Network for Blind Super Resolution
No full textBlind image super-resolution (SR) aims to recover a high-resolution (HR) image from its low-resolution (LR) counterpart under the assumption of unknown degradations. Many existing blind SR methods rely on supervising ground-truth kernels referred to as explicit degradation estimators. However, it is very challenging to obtain the ground-truths for different degradations kernels. Moreover, most of these methods rely on heavy backbone networks, which demand extensive computational resources. Implicit degradation estimators do not require the availability of ground truth kernels, but they see a significant performance gap with the explicit degradation estimators due to such missing information. We present a novel approach that significantly narrows such a gap by means of a lightweight architecture that implicitly learns the degradation kernel with the help of a novel loss component. The kernel is exploited by a learnable Wiener filter that performs efficient deconvolution in the Fourier domain by deriving a closed-form solution. Inspired by prompt-based learning, we also propose a novel degradation-conditioned prompt layer that exploits the estimated kernel to drive the focus on the discriminative contextual information that guides the reconstruction process in recovering the latent HR image. Extensive experiments under different degradation settings demonstrate that our model, named PL-IDENet, yields PSNR and SSIM improvements of more than and 1.3%, and and 4.8% to the best implicit and explicit blind-SR method, respectively. These results are achieved while maintaining a substantially lower number of parameters/FLOPs (i.e., 25% and 68% fewer parameters than best implicit and explicit methods, respectively)
Fig. 3. A–F in Clitopilus cretoalbus sp. nov. (Entolomataceae, Agaricales), a new species from Pakistan
No full textFig. 3. A–F. Morphology of Clitopilus cretoalbus A.Izhar, Zaman, M.Asif, H.Bashir, Niazi & Khalid sp. nov. A–B. Basidiomata of Skp102 (holotype, LAH35709). C–D. Basidiomata of Skp106 (LAH37112) in natural habitat. E–F. Basidiomata of MN16 (LAH37017). Photographs by Aiman Izhar, Muhammad Asif & Zaman Khan. Scale bars = 10 mm.Published as part of Izhar, Aiman, Khan, Zaman, Asif, Muhammad, Bashir, Hira, Rani, Afifa Kainat, Niazi, Abdul Rehman & Khalid, Abdul Nasir, 2023, Clitopilus cretoalbus sp. nov. (Entolomataceae, Agaricales), a new species from Pakistan, pp. 168-184 in European Journal of Taxonomy 861 on page 177, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.861.2075, http://zenodo.org/record/774659
Dynamic Planar Embedding Is in DynFO
No full textPlanar Embedding is a drawing of a graph on the plane such that the edges do not intersect each other except at the vertices. We know that testing the planarity of a graph and computing its embedding (if it exists), can efficiently be computed, both sequentially [John E. Hopcroft and Robert Endre Tarjan, 1974] and in parallel [Vijaya Ramachandran and John H. Reif, 1994], when the entire graph is presented as input.
In the dynamic setting, the input graph changes one edge at a time through insertion and deletions and planarity testing/embedding has to be updated after every change. By storing auxilliary information we can improve the complexity of dynamic planarity testing/embedding over the obvious recomputation from scratch. In the sequential dynamic setting, there has been a series of works [David Eppstein et al., 1996; Giuseppe F. Italiano et al., 1993; Jacob Holm et al., 2018; Jacob Holm and Eva Rotenberg, 2020], culminating in the breakthrough result of polylog(n) sequential time (amortized) planarity testing algorithm of Holm and Rotenberg [Jacob Holm and Eva Rotenberg, 2020].
In this paper we study planar embedding through the lens of DynFO, a parallel dynamic complexity class introduced by Patnaik et al [Sushant Patnaik and Neil Immerman, 1997] (also [Guozhu Dong et al., 1995]). We show that it is possible to dynamically maintain whether an edge can be inserted to a planar graph without causing non-planarity in DynFO. We extend this to show how to maintain an embedding of a planar graph under both edge insertions and deletions, while rejecting edge insertions that violate planarity.
Our main idea is to maintain embeddings of only the triconnected components and a special two-colouring of separating pairs that enables us to side-step cascading flips when embedding of a biconnected planar graph changes, a major issue for sequential dynamic algorithms [Jacob Holm and Eva Rotenberg, 2020; Jacob Holm and Eva Rotenberg, 2020]
sj-docx-1-jpc-10.1177_21501319231224711 – Supplemental material for Knowledge and Behavior of Primary Care Physicians Regarding Utilization of Standardized Tools in Screening and Assessment of Anxiety, Depression, and Mood Disorders at a Large Integrated Health System
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jpc-10.1177_21501319231224711 for Knowledge and Behavior of Primary Care Physicians Regarding Utilization of Standardized Tools in Screening and Assessment of Anxiety, Depression, and Mood Disorders at a Large Integrated Health System by Abdul Waheed, Asif Khan Afridi, Masooma Rana, Mobeena Arif, Trajan Barrera, Feroza Patel, Muhammad Nausherwan Khan and Erum Azhar in Journal of Primary Care & Community Health</p
A three dimensional age estimation using cone beam CT in Malaysian population / Muhammad Khan Asif
No full textForensic odontology plays a vital role in the age estimation and identification process
during criminal investigations. Forensic science in the past have mainly employed two-dimensional (2D) radiographic assessment of developmental and physiological age
related dental parameters for age estimation. However, 2D radiograph doesn’t represent
the three-dimensional (3D) anatomical structures. Rapidly evolving CBCT imaging
modality can be effectively employed in forensic sciences to overcome the limitations of
2D imaging. The current study aimed to develop a novel method of dental age estimation
using 3D surface area analyses of root apices of the developing permanent maxillary
canines and mandibular third molars among Malaysian population using CBCT data. Two
new and validated dental age estimation regression equations were developed. The first
regression equation was developed for Malaysian children aged 7 to 14 years by assessing
the relationship between chronological age and surface area of the developing maxillary
canine apex. Variations based on ethnicity (Malay/Chinese), gender and status of root
development (open/closed) were also investigated in terms of fit to the age estimation
model. The training sample of 191 permanent maxillary canines was selected from the
CBCT images belonging to 100 Malays and 91 Chinese. Moreover, an independent
validation sample of 96 permanent maxillary canines was also selected. Multiple linear
regression analysis was used to derive an age estimation model using chronological age
as a dependent variable and surface area of the maxillary canines apices, ethnicity, gender
and status of the root development (open/closed apices) as predictor variables. A strong
correlation (r = 0.978) was observed between chronological age and the predictor
variables. 95.6 % of the variation in age was explained by the surface area of canine apex,
gender and status of the root development (open/closed apices). However, ethnicity did
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not contribute to the fit of age estimation model. Mean absolute error (MAE) value of
0.30 was observed when tested on an independent validation sample. The second
regression equation was developed for Malaysian juveniles and young adults aged 13 to
24 years by assessing the relationship between chronological age and surface area of the
developing mandibular third molars apices. The training sample of 128 intact mandibular
third molars was selected from the CBCT images belonging to 66 Malays and 62 Chinese.
In addition, 55 mandibular third molars were selected as a validation sample. Multiple
linear regression analysis was used to derive an age estimation model using chronological
age as a dependent variable and surface area of the mandibular third molars apices,
ethnicity, gender and status of the root development (open/closed apices) as predictor
variables. A strong inverse correlation (r = 0.95) was observed between chronological age
and all the predictor variables. The results showed that 89.6% of the variation in age can
be explained by the predictor variables. MAE value of 0.822 was observed when the
derived regression equation was tested on the independent validation sample. In
conclusion, 3D surface area analysis of the developing root apices can be used as a
reliable method for age estimation in Malaysians.
Keywords: CBCT; Age estimation; Three-dimensional; Malaysian
Synthesis of eco-friendly nanofluids for enhancement of heat transfer and application in different flow configuration passages / Asif Khan
No full textSince the invention of the heat exchangers, the working fluids such as water, ethyl glycol, oil and many others were used, however, they reveal relatively low thermal conductivity. Eco-friendly nanofluids and the cost-effective annular heat exchangers were introduced in this research to overcome the problem. In the present work, heat transfer coefficient and friction loss analyses of (TiO2 and GNP) water-based nanofluids were compared with DI-water flowing in annular conduit under turbulent flow regime. The nanoparticle weight concentrations of 0.1, 0.075, 0.05 and 0.025 wt.% were prepared by using a simple two-step method. The DI-water simulations were conducted by using ANSYS Fluent 18.2 (CFD commercial package) under steady turbulent flow conditions at high Reynolds number and constant heat flux boundary conditions with the varied inner flow passage configuration of the annular heat exchanger. The CFD analyses used the finite volume method, uniform surface heat flux boundary condition and SST-k-? model for the solver. The DI-water simulation demonstrated, the increase of the inner wall temperature in the square passage incomparison to the circular inner geometry. The experimental results exhibited the convective heat transfer coefficient enhancement with the increase of nanoparticles concentrations in the base fluid. The maximum Nusselt number and insignificant increment of friction factor resulted in the addition of nanoparticle into the base fluid. The remarkable enhancement of the heat transfer achievement were, 21.75% and 11.72% for the 0.1 wt.% of GNP-water and TiO2-water nanofluids over the base fluid in the turbulent flow regime. The results concluded that varying inner shape of the annular conduit and addition of nanoparticles enhances the rate of heat transfer and retards the energy consumption
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