13 research outputs found
A case study of 2019-nCOV cases in Argentina with the real data based on daily cases from March 03, 2020 to March 29, 2021 using classical and fractional derivatives
No full text[EN] In this study, our aim is to explore the dynamics of COVID-19 or 2019-nCOV in Argentina considering the parameter values based on the real data of this virus from March 03, 2020 to March 29, 2021 which is a data range of more than one complete year. We propose a Atangana-Baleanu type fractional-order model and simulate it by using predictor-corrector (P-C) method. First we introduce the biological nature of this virus in theoretical way and then formulate a mathematical model to define its dynamics. We use a well-known effective optimization scheme based on the renowned trust-region-reflective (TRR) method to perform the model calibration. We have plotted the real cases of COVID-19 and compared our integer-order model with the simulated data along with the calculation of basic reproductive number. Concerning fractional-order simulations, first we prove the existence and uniqueness of solution and then write the solution along with the stability of the given P-C method. A number of graphs at various fractional-order values are simulated to predict the future dynamics of the virus in Argentina which is the main contribution of this paper.The third author is supported by MICINN and FEDER, Project PID2019-105011GB-I00.Kumar, P.; Erturk, VS.; Murillo Arcila, M.; Banerjee, R.; Manickam, A. (2021). A case study of 2019-nCOV cases in Argentina with the real data based on daily cases from March 03, 2020 to March 29, 2021 using classical and fractional derivatives. Advances in Difference Equations. 2021(1):1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13662-021-03499-2S12120211Wu, Z., McGoogan, J.M.: Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA 323(13), 1239–1242 (2020)Zhang, C., Zheng, W., Huang, X., Bell, E.W., Zhou, X., Zhang, Y.: Protein structure and sequence reanalysis of 2019-ncov genome refutes snakes as its intermediate host and the unique similarity between its spike protein insertions and hiv-1. J. Proteome Res. 19(4), 1351–1360 (2020)Hui, D.S., Azhar, E.I., Madani, T.A., Ntoumi, F., Kock, R., Dar, O., Ippolito, G., Mchugh, T.D., Memish, Z.A., Drosten, C., et al.: The continuing 2019-ncov epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health—the latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91, 264–266 (2020)Elfiky, A.A., Mahdy, S.M., Elshemey, W.M.: Quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking revealed a potency of anti-hepatitis C virus drugs against human corona viruses. J. Med. Virol. 89(6), 1040–1047 (2017)Li, X., Zai, J., Zhao, Q., Nie, Q., Li, Y., Foley, B.T., Chaillon, A.: Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of Sars-Cov-2. J. Med. Virol. 92(6), 602–611 (2020)Wrapp, D., Wang, N., Corbett, K.S., Goldsmith, J.A., Hsieh, C.-L., Abiona, O., Graham, B.S., McLellan, J.S.: Cryo-em structure of the 2019-ncov spike in the prefusion conformation. Science 367(6483), 1260–1263 (2020)Villar, J., Zhang, H., Slutsky, A.S.: Lung repair and regeneration in ards: role of pecam1 and wnt signaling. Chest 155(3), 587–594 (2019)Wang, H., Ma, S.: The cytokine storm and factors determining the sequence and severity of organ dysfunction in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 26(6), 711–715 (2008)Wan, Y., Shang, J., Graham, R., Baric, R.S., Li, F.: Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of Sars coronavirus. J. Virol. 94(7), e00127-20 (2020)Tang, N.L.-S., Chan, P.K.-S., Wong, C.-K., To, K.-F., Wu, A.K.-L., Sung, Y.-M., Hui, D.S.-C., Sung, J.J.-Y., Lam, C.W.-K.: Early enhanced expression of interferon-inducible protein-10 (cxcl-10) and other chemokines predicts adverse outcome in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin. Chem. 51(12), 2333–2340 (2005)Gu, J., Korteweg, C.: Pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Am. J. Pathol. 170(4), 1136–1147 (2007)Ho, J.C., Chan, K.N., Hu, W.H., Lam, W.K., Zheng, L., Tipoe, G.L., Sun, J., Leung, R., Tsang, K.W.: The effect of aging on nasal mucociliary clearance, beat frequency, and ultrastructure of respiratory cilia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 163(4), 983–988 (2001)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Murillo-Arcila, M.: A new fractional mathematical modelling of Covid-19 with the availability of vaccine. Results Phys. 24, 104213 (2021)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S.: A case study of Covid-19 epidemic in india via new generalised Caputo type fractional derivatives. Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 1–14 (2021)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Abboubakar, H., Nisar, K.S.: Prediction studies of the epidemic peak of coronavirus disease in Brazil via new generalised Caputo type fractional derivatives. Alex. Eng. J. 60(3), 3189–3204 (2021)Nabi, K.N., Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S.: Projections and fractional dynamics of Covid-19 with optimal control strategies. Chaos Solitons Fractals 145, 110689 (2021)Erturk, V.S., Kumar, P.: Solution of a Covid-19 model via new generalized Caputo-type fractional derivatives. Chaos Solitons Fractals 139, 110280 (2020)Gao, W., Veeresha, P., Baskonus, H.M., Prakasha, D., Kumar, P.: A new study of unreported cases of 2019-ncov epidemic outbreaks. Chaos Solitons Fractals 138, 109929 (2020)Kumar, P., Suat Erturk, V.: The analysis of a time delay fractional Covid-19 model via Caputo type fractional derivative. Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 1–14 (2020)Atangana, A., Araz, S.İ.: Modeling and forecasting the spread of Covid-19 with stochastic and deterministic approaches: Africa and Europe. Adv. Differ. Equ. 2021(1), 1 (2021)Atangana, A.: Modelling the spread of Covid-19 with new fractal-fractional operators: can the lockdown save mankind before vaccination? Chaos Solitons Fractals 136, 109860 (2020)Atangana, A., Araz, S.İ.: Mathematical model of Covid-19 spread in Turkey and South Africa: theory, methods, and applications. Adv. Differ. Equ. 2020(1), 1 (2020)Atangana, A., et al.: A novel Covid-19 model with fractional differential operators with singular and non-singular kernels: analysis and numerical scheme based on Newton polynomial. Alex. Eng. J. 60(4), 3781–3806 (2021)Bulut, H., Kumar, D., Singh, J., Swroop, R., Baskonus, H.M.: Analytic study for a fractional model of hiv infection of cd4+ t lymphocyte cells. Math. Nat. Sci. 2(1), 33–43 (2018)Zhoua, Y.-H., Yang, Y., Zhang, H.: Stability of non-monotone critical waves in a population dynamics model with spatio-temporal delay. Math. Nat. Sci. 2, 8–23 (2018)Musa, S.S., Qureshi, S., Zhao, S., Yusuf, A., Mustapha, U.T., He, D.: Mathematical modeling of Covid-19 epidemic with effect of awareness programs. Infect. Dis. Model. 6, 448–460 (2021)Memon, Z., Qureshi, S., Memon, B.R.: Assessing the role of quarantine and isolation as control strategies for Covid-19 outbreak: a case study. Chaos Solitons Fractals 144, 110655 (2021)Kumar, P., Suat Ertürk, V., Nisar, K.S.: Fractional dynamics of huanglongbing transmission within a citrus tree. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. (2021)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Murillo-Arcila, M.: A complex fractional mathematical modeling for the love story of layla and majnun. Chaos Solitons Fractals 150, 111091 (2021)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Yusuf, A., Kumar, S.: Fractional time-delay mathematical modeling of oncolytic virotherapy. Chaos Solitons Fractals 150, 111123 (2021)Abboubakar, H., Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Kumar, A.: A mathematical study of a tuberculosis model with fractional derivatives. Int. J. Model. Simul. Sci. Comput. (2021)Kumar, P., Rangaig, N.A., Abboubakar, H., Kumar, S.: A malaria model with Caputo–Fabrizio and Atangana–Baleanu derivatives. Int. J. Model. Simul. Sci. Comput. 12(2), 2150013 (2020)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Yusuf, A., Nisar, K.S., Abdelwahab, S.F.: A study on canine distemper virus (cdv) and rabies epidemics in the red fox population via fractional derivatives. Results Phys. 25, 104281 (2021)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S., Almusawa, H.: Mathematical structure of mosaic disease using microbial biostimulants via Caputo and Atangana–Baleanu derivatives. Results Phys. 24, 104186 (2021)Kumar, P., Erturk, V.S.: Environmental persistence influences infection dynamics for a butterfly pathogen via new generalised Caputo type fractional derivative. Chaos Solitons Fractals 144, 110672 (2021)Nabi, K.N., Abboubakar, H., Kumar, P.: Forecasting of Covid-19 pandemic: from integer derivatives to fractional derivatives. Chaos Solitons Fractals 141, 110283 (2020)Van den Driessche, P., Watmough, J.: Reproduction numbers and sub-threshold endemic equilibria for compartmental models of disease transmission. Math. Biosci. 180(1–2), 29–48 (2002)Nabi, K.N.: Forecasting Covid-19 pandemic: a data-driven analysis. Chaos Solitons Fractals 139, 110046 (2020)Politologue.com: Coronavirus (Covid19), https://coronavirus.politologue.com/coronavirus-cameroun.CM. Accessed 10 Jul 2020Atangana, A., Baleanu, D.: New fractional derivatives with nonlocal and non-singular kernel: theory and application to heat transfer model (2016) arXiv:1602.03408Li, C., Zeng, F.: The finite difference methods for fractional ordinary differential equations. Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 34(2), 149–179 (2013)Ahmed, E., El-Sayed, A., El-Saka, H., Ashry, G.A.: On applications of ulam-hyers stability in biology and economics (2010) arXiv:1004.1354Baleanu, D., Jajarmi, A., Hajipour, M.: On the nonlinear dynamical systems within the generalized fractional derivatives with Mittag-Leffler kernel. Nonlinear Dyn. 94(1), 397–414 (2018
Literature Review on Morphology and Morphometry of Foramen Ovale in Indian Skulls
No full textForamen ovale is seen in the base of the skull connecting the infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa. Knowledge of the exact location and dimensions of foramen ovale is essential for trigeminal rhizotomy, electroencephalogram of the temporal lobe and endonasal endoscopic trans-sphenoidal approach to the infratemporal fossa. In this literature review, articles reporting morphology, morphometry, and variations of foramen ovale in Indian skulls from standard databases between 1979 and 2022 were selected. The sample size ranged between 20 and 250 skulls. The common shape observed was oval (96.9%) and duplication of foramen ovale was seen commonly on the right-side. The presence of accessory bony structures, namely spine, tubercle, spur, septa and bar was reported but was difficult to compare due to a lack of uniform classification. The length, breadth, and area of foramen ovale ranged from 5.0-8.9 mm, 3.1-6.0 mm, and 19.1-34.2 mm2, respectively. In the majority of the studies, no significant difference was observed in these parameters between the sides and between the sexes. These data will be useful while attempting surgical or invasive procedures in the skull base of Indian subjects and help to avoid damage to the structures passing through the foramen ovale and the resulting complications
Diversifying vegetable production systems for improving the livelihood of resource poor farmers on the East Indian Plateau
No full textFailure of the rice crop, or low rice yield has dire consequences for rice-dependent households, including food insecurity and malnutrition, for India’s poorest farmers in the East Indian Plateau region. Crop diversification could reduce the risks of rice production from the vagaries of rainfall and provide cash income which is not generated from subsistence rice. Being the primary household laborers women bear the brunt of these difficult conditions in patriarchal societies. For this reason we engaged with the women farmers in Bokaro and West Singhbhum in the State of Jharkhand, and Purulia in West Bengal who participated in experiments conducted with vegetable crops and legumes in the upland and medium uplands where the traditional crop is broadcasted paddy rice. We explored four different vegetable systems, (i) cucurbits (rainy/kharif) (season—June to September), (ii) growing tomatoes in the “off season” (rainy season—July to October), (iii) growing legume crops in rotation with direct sown rice (dry/rabi season—November to January), and (iv) intercropping beans with maize (rainy season—June to September). The results showed that all the above crops proved much better in terms of income to the farmers, return per person day, although the input cost varied it was higher with the new systems explored. The research with the small-holding women farmers enabled them to try new options and make informed decisions about these opportunities. This study showed that farmers can increase crop diversity and expand the area sown to non-paddy crops. The farmers are now looking for new crops where the demand exceeds the supply. Importantly this study has demonstrated that the direct involvement of communities’ in research enables the farmers to sustainability explore solutions to the future problems with limited support from the external agencies
Virulence and Replicative Fitness of HIV-1 Transmitted/Founder (T/F) Viruses Harbouring Drug Resistance-Associated Mutation
No full textThe biological characteristics of early transmitted/founder (T/F) variants are crucial factors for viral transmission and constitute key determinants for the development of better therapeutics and vaccine strategies. The present study aimed to generate T/F viruses and to characterize their biological properties. For this purpose, we constructed 18 full-length infectious molecular clones
(IMCs) of HIV from recently infected infants. All the clones were characterized genotypically through whole genome sequencing and phenotypically for infectivity, replication kinetics, co-receptor usage, as well as their susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies and entry inhibitors using standard virological assays. Genotypic analysis revealed that all the T/F clones were of non-recombinant subtype C,
but some of them harboured the Y181C drug resistance mutation associated with resistance to the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) class of antiretroviral drugs. In vitro studies showed that while all the IMCs were capable of replicating in PBMCs and utilized the CCR5 co�receptor for cellular entry, the drug-resistant variants had significantly lower replicative capacity
and per particle infectivity than the drug-sensitive viruses. Both exhibited similar sensitivities to a standard panel of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and viral entry inhibitors. These findings suggest that despite their diminished replicative fitness, the drug-resistant T/F variants retain transmission fitness and remain susceptible to neutralizing antibody-based interventions and
viral entry inhibitor
Introgression of submergence tolerance into CO 43, a popular rice variety of India, through marker-assisted backcross breeding
No full textData_Sheet_1_Diversifying vegetable production systems for improving the livelihood of resource poor farmers on the East Indian Plateau.PDF
No full textFailure of the rice crop, or low rice yield has dire consequences for rice-dependent households, including food insecurity and malnutrition, for India’s poorest farmers in the East Indian Plateau region. Crop diversification could reduce the risks of rice production from the vagaries of rainfall and provide cash income which is not generated from subsistence rice. Being the primary household laborers women bear the brunt of these difficult conditions in patriarchal societies. For this reason we engaged with the women farmers in Bokaro and West Singhbhum in the State of Jharkhand, and Purulia in West Bengal who participated in experiments conducted with vegetable crops and legumes in the upland and medium uplands where the traditional crop is broadcasted paddy rice. We explored four different vegetable systems, (i) cucurbits (rainy/kharif) (season—June to September), (ii) growing tomatoes in the “off season” (rainy season—July to October), (iii) growing legume crops in rotation with direct sown rice (dry/rabi season—November to January), and (iv) intercropping beans with maize (rainy season—June to September). The results showed that all the above crops proved much better in terms of income to the farmers, return per person day, although the input cost varied it was higher with the new systems explored. The research with the small-holding women farmers enabled them to try new options and make informed decisions about these opportunities. This study showed that farmers can increase crop diversity and expand the area sown to non-paddy crops. The farmers are now looking for new crops where the demand exceeds the supply. Importantly this study has demonstrated that the direct involvement of communities’ in research enables the farmers to sustainability explore solutions to the future problems with limited support from the external agencies.</p
To exploring the role of probiotics, plant-based fermented products, and paraprobiotics as anti-inflammatory agents in promoting human health
No full textInflammation is a complex response to tissue damage and pathogens that can lead to chronic inflammatory disorders and various health complications. Conventional inflammation treatments have limitations, driving the search for alternative approaches. Probiotics have gained attention for their immunomodulatory properties, while paraprobiotics have emerged as a promising anti-inflammatory strategy. Probiotics like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, and Bacillus can interact with immune cells through toll-like receptors, triggering the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines and promoting immune cell differentiation. Studies carried out in vivo revealed that TNF- α, TRL4, and NF-κB were downregulated by Lactobacilli species. In contrast, Bifidobacterium species elevated IL-10 and Foxp3. This helps maintain immune balance and reduce hyperinflammatory responses. Probiotic plant-based fermented products also suppressed NF-κB signalling activation and decreased iNOS and COX-2 synthesis. Paraprobiotics, on the other hand, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and have shown promising results in regulating immune responses and alleviating symptoms in specific inflammatory conditions. They may address concerns related to the viability and safety of live probiotics. This review emphasizes the potential of probiotics, probiotic plant-based fermented products, and paraprobiotics as therapeutic agents for managing inflammatory disorders arising from malnutrition, gut diseases, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. It discusses in-vitro, in-vivo, and human studies highlighting the role of different probiotic strains, commercially available probiotics, challenges with probiotics, probiotic plant-based fermented products, and paraprobiotics in combating inflammation
Silica sources for arsenic mitigation in rice: machine learning-based predictive modeling and risk assessment.
No full textArsenic (As) is a well-known human carcinogen, and the consumption of rice is the main pathway for the South Asian people. The study evaluated the impact of the amendments involving CaSiO , SiO nanoparticles, silica solubilizing bacteria (SSB), and rice straw compost (RSC) on mitigation of As toxicity in rice. The translocation of As from soil to cooked rice was tracked, and the results showed that RSC and its combination with SSB were the most effective in reducing As loading in rice grain by 53.2%. To determine the risk of dietary exposure to As, the average daily intake (ADI), hazard quotient (HQ), and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) were computed. The study observed that the ADI was reduced to one-third (0.24 μg kg bw) under RSC+SSB treatments compared to the control. An effective prediction model was established using random forest model and described the accumulation of As by rice grains depend on bioavailable As, P, and Fe which explained 48.5, 5.07%, and 2.6% of the variation in the grain As, respectively. The model anticipates that to produce As benign rice grain, soil should have P and Fe concentration more than 30 mg kg and 12 mg kg , respectively if soil As surpasses 2.5 mg kg . [Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Baseline findings of a multicentric ambispective cohort study (2021–2022) among hospitalised mucormycosis patients in India
No full textIn India, the incidence of mucormycosis reached high levels during 2021–2022, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this, we established a multicentric ambispective cohort of patients hospitalised with mucormycosis across India. In this paper, we report their baseline profile, clinical characteristics and outcomes at discharge. Patients hospitalized for mucormycosis during March–July 2021 were included. Mucormycosis was diagnosed based on mycological confirmation on direct microscopy (KOH/Calcofluor white stain), culture, histopathology, or supportive evidence from endoscopy or imaging. After consent, trained data collectors used medical records and telephonic interviews to capture data in a pre-tested structured questionnaire. At baseline, we recruited 686 patients from 26 study hospitals, of whom 72.3% were males, 78% had a prior history of diabetes, 53.2% had a history of corticosteroid treatment, and 80% were associated with COVID-19. Pain, numbness or swelling of the face were the commonest symptoms (73.3%). Liposomal Amphotericin B was the commonest drug formulation used (67.1%), and endoscopic sinus surgery was the most common surgical procedure (73.6%). At discharge, the disease was stable in 43.3%, in regression for 29.9% but 9.6% died during hospitalization. Among survivors, commonly reported disabilities included facial disfigurement (18.4%) and difficulties in chewing/swallowing (17.8%). Though the risk of mortality was only 1 in 10, the disability due to the disease was very high. This cohort study could enhance our understanding of the disease’s clinical progression and help frame standard treatment guidelines
