692 research outputs found
Can Horticulture be a Success Story For India?
No full textIndia is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world after China. Since the 1980s, the international trade in fruits and vegetables has expanded rapidly. The number of commodities as well as the number of varieties produced and traded have increased manifold during the past 25 years. There is an overall increase in the demand for fruits and vegetables for consumption both in the fresh and the processed form. Also there is a wide diversification in production pattern globally. Income in this sector is increasing which is indeed driving the supply. In spite of being one of the largest producers of fruits and vegetables in the world, the export competitiveness among the Indian producers remains low. But with new marketing initiatives, the post-harvest losses and the wastage due to poor infrastructure facilities, such as storage and transportation, have been reduced to a considerable extent. Yet a lot needs to be done in this sector. In an effort to overcome some of the problems associated with this sector, the case study of the successful SAFAL Market is presented in the paper. The study has observed a shift in cropping pattern in favour of horticulture in India in the past one-and-a-half decades. Analysis of the economic feasibility of this shift away from cereals to fruits and vegetable shows that its economically viable and beneficial to shift towards horticulture production, but this diversification needs to be planned in a systematic manner. Certain strategies and policies are also suggested in this regards. The study confirms the changing consumption patterns and diversification, along with the outlook for the next 15-20 years in the light of shortage of supply to increased domestic demand. The major exports from India are mango, grapes, orange, apple, banana, mosambi, onion, potato, tomato and pumpkins. The major share of Indias exports of fresh fruits and vegetables go to Bangladesh, Nepal, UAE, UK and Malaysia. The supply constraints, yield gaps and huge logistic costs affect our competitive and comparative advantage in world trade market. In this study the nominal protection coefficient and revealed comparative advantage are computed to check on the existing status. Study also identifies the potential states for the fruits and vegetables, for which India is globally competitive and has comparative advantage in production. These states should be targeted for enhancing the export potential of the country. The potential competing countries are also identified. Lessons from other developing countries focus on the growth of the horticulture sector through increased participation of small and marginal farmers in an organized manner and farmers being trained with entrepreneurial skills.Horticulture, Cost Benefit Ratio, competitiveness, Comparative Advantage, SAFAL Market
Gender analysis of 1990-1992 excavations of burials in Pokrovka, Russia
No full textThe following work examines in detail the data recovered from the 1990-1992 burial excavations at the site of Pokrovka in southern Russia dating from the second half of the second millennium B.C. to fourteen century A.D. The objective is to evaluate the grave goods found among male and female Early Sarmatian nomads with a specific emphasis on the distribution of artifacts traditionally associated with weaponry, religion and weaving. This study is attempting to reinforce and reevaluate interpretations in regards to the gender roles of Iron Age nomads inhabiting the Eurasian steppes. This study will show that nomadic men were involved in religion and weaving more than previously thought, and women may not have been the so called "warriors" as they have been described
Strengthening Backward and Forward Linkages in Horticulture: Some Successful Initiatives
No full textIndian horticulture sector is constrained by low productivity, high cost of production, huge post-harvest losses, inefficient supply chain and poor market intelligence. The present paper has brought forward two case studies of SAFAL Market and Namdhari Fresh which have been successful in over-coming the constraints that horticulture sector is facing in India for fresh fruits and vegetables. Some new marketing initiatives along with the existing supply chain inefficiencies have been highlighted to help formulate strategy and policy to achieve the much-desired second green revolution through horticulture growth.Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries,
Responsible ML Datasets
No full textIn this study, we discuss the importance of Responsible Machine Learning Datasets through the lens of fairness, privacy, and regulatory compliance and present a large audit of Computer Vision datasets. The audit is conducted through evaluation of the proposed responsible rubric. After surveying over 100 datasets, our detailed analysis of 60 distinct datasets highlights a universal susceptibility to fairness, privacy, and regulatory compliance issues.
Please cite the paper below.
Mittal, Surbhi, Kartik Thakral, Richa Singh, Mayank Vatsa, Tamar Glaser, Cristian Canton Ferrer, Tal Hassner. "On Responsible Machine Learning Datasets Emphasizing Fairness Privacy and Regulatory Norms with Examples in Biometrics and Healthcare." Nature Machine Intelligence (2024).
@article{mittal2024responsible,
title={On Responsible Machine Learning Datasets Emphasizing Fairness Privacy and Regulatory Norms with Examples in Biometrics and Healthcare},
author={Mittal, Surbhi, and Thakral, Kartik and Singh, Richa and Vatsa, Mayank and Glaser, Tamar and Ferrer, Cristian Canton and Hassner, Tal},
journal={Nature Machine Intelligence},
year={2024},
publisher={Nature Publishing Group UK London}
Responsible ML Datasets
No full textIn this study, we discuss the importance of Responsible Machine Learning Datasets through the lens of fairness, privacy, and regulatory compliance and present a large audit of Computer Vision datasets. The audit is conducted through evaluation of the proposed responsible rubric. After surveying over 100 datasets, our detailed analysis of 60 distinct datasets highlights a universal susceptibility to fairness, privacy, and regulatory compliance issues.
Please cite the paper below.
Mittal, Surbhi, Kartik Thakral, Richa Singh, Mayank Vatsa, Tamar Glaser, Cristian Canton Ferrer, Tal Hassner. "On Responsible Machine Learning Datasets Emphasizing Fairness Privacy and Regulatory Norms with Examples in Biometrics and Healthcare." Nature Machine Intelligence (2024).
@article{mittal2024responsible,
title={On Responsible Machine Learning Datasets Emphasizing Fairness Privacy and Regulatory Norms with Examples in Biometrics and Healthcare},
author={Mittal, Surbhi, and Thakral, Kartik and Singh, Richa and Vatsa, Mayank and Glaser, Tamar and Ferrer, Cristian Canton and Hassner, Tal},
journal={Nature Machine Intelligence},
year={2024},
publisher={Nature Publishing Group UK London}
Supplementary Data Files & Movies for "Eruption chronology of the December 2021 to January 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption sequence"
No full textThe attached data files and supplementary movies are related to our manuscript, "Eruption chronology of the December 2021 to January 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption sequence", in Nature Communications: Earth & Environmental Sciences.
Thank you
Approximation of Signals (Functions) by Trigonometric Polynomials in Lp-Norm
No full textMittal and Rhoades (1999, 2000) and Mittal et al. (2011) have initiated a study of error estimates En(f) through
trigonometric-Fourier approximation (tfa) for the situations in which the summability matrix T does not have monotone rows. In this paper, the first author continues the work in the direction for T to be a Np-matrix. We extend two theorems on summability matrix Np of Deger et al. (2012) where they have extended two theorems of Chandra (2002) using Cλ-method obtained by deleting a set of rows from Cesàro matrix C1. Our theorems also generalize two theorems of Leindler (2005) to Np-matrix which in turn generalize the result of Chandra (2002) and Quade (1937)
Inter State Disparities under Economic Reform Period - Comparative Study of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
No full textNot availabl
Highly scalable solution of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using the spectral element method with overlapping grids
No full textWe present a highly-flexible Schwarz overlapping framework for simulating turbulent fluid/thermal transport in complex domains. The approach is based on a variant of the Schwarz alternating method in which the solution is advanced in parallel in separate overlapping subdomains. In each domain, the governing equations are discretized with an efficient high-order spectral element method (SEM). At each step, subdomain boundary data are determined by interpolating from the overlapping region of adjacent subdomains. The data are either lagged in time or extrapolated to higher-order temporal accuracy using a novel stabilized predictor-corrector algorithm. Matrix stability analysis is used to determine the optimal number of corrector iterations. Stability and accuracy are further improved with an optimal mass flux correction to guarantee mass conservation throughout the domain. The method supports an arbitrary number of subdomains. A new multirate time-stepping scheme is developed (a first for incompressible flow simulations) that allows the underlying equations to be advanced with time-step sizes varying as much as an order-of-magnitude between adjacent domains. All the developments maintain the third-order temporal convergence and exponential convergence of the originating SEM framework. This dissertation also presents a mesh optimizer that has been specifically designed for meshes generated for turbulent flow problems. The optimizer supports surface mesh improvement, which minimizes geometrical approximation errors. The smoother is shown to reduce the computational cost of numerical calculations by as much as 40%. Numerous examples illustrate the effectiveness of these new technologies for analyzing challenging turbulence problems that were previously infeasible.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Ketan Mittal, accepted the attached license on 2019-10-07 at 11:58.The student, Ketan Mittal, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-10-07 at 12:08.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-10-09 at 15:36.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14486 on 2020-02-28 at 17:20:54Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:12:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113863
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemOpen Restriction set for Item 113863 on 2020-03-04T16:22:37Z with date null by [email protected] Restriction set for Item 113863 on 2020-03-04T16:22:39Z with date null by [email protected]
Oecd Agricultural Trade Reforms Impact On India’s Prices And Producers Welfare
No full textRich countries use a combination of domestic market interventions and border protection or export subsidies as a part of their domestic policies. Developed countries such as the United States and the European Union (EU) resort to trade distorting policies to make their crop more competitive both groups maintain high domestic prices for producers, stimulate production, and thus distort prices in the world market. The distorting effects of international trade can be distinguished between consumer surplus, producer surplus and tariff revenue approaches. The present paper emphasizes on the welfare of the producers with the main focus on small farmers. The analysis presented in the paper is an approximation of the general equilibrium analysis. The four parts of this approximation are : first, the estimation of the world price effect of removal of OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) distortions; second, estimation of the effects of changes in world prices on domestic prices through a price transmission model; third, estimation of the impact on domestic production through a supply response model; and, four, the estimation of changes in supply and welfare on the poor small farmers. The simulation exercise shows that due to elimination of subsidies in OECD countries the world crop prices are expected to rise. The results confirm that the depressed world prices can be corrected by removal of OECD subsidies, but the challenge for India remains : How much can these price corrections benefit the farmers? Indias domestic price response to this world price change is very small for rice and wheat and slightly better for cotton and sugar. On the production front, with reduction in subsidies and rising of the world price, the production in OECD countries would decline, but it is not very clear if this would have a discernable effect on Indias production. In response to the rise in world price, this paper concludes that this change would have almost negligible impact on Indias production for rice and wheat and a marginal increase in the production of cotton and sugar. The welfare impact on small farmers based on these changes is also estimated. The important fact to be observed in this study is that the developed countries policies protecting their farming sector critically affect the lives of billions of people who depend on agriculture in developing countries.OECD Agriculture, trade policy, Subsidy Elimination, Producer Welfare
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