277 research outputs found
Building evidence for coverage of fully vaccinated children of 12–23 months of age across Districts of North India, 2015
No full textContext: Unprecedented low coverage (63%) of fully vaccinated (FV) children in the recent round of national survey district level household (HH) and facility survey 4 (DLHS-4) propelled health system of Himachal Pradesh for an independent rapid assessment of FV coverage. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the FV coverage among 12–23-month old children in the state. Settings and Design: A community-based survey with an interviewer-administered questionnaire was carried out in all 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh from September 2015 to January 2016. Subject and Methods: WHO 30 × 7 cluster technique was used. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square and unpaired Student's t-test along with 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 2492 children across 35,551 HHs (2.4% of state share) were surveyed with FV coverage of 98.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 97.5–98.6) and 86% (95% CI: 84.6–87.3) based on history and card, respectively. Conclusions: The reported FV coverage in the current study was observed too high in the state as reported in earlier round of the national surveys (except DLHS-4)
Translation of Goswami Harirai's Jarasandhavadha Mahakavyam from Sanskrit to English with a Critical Introduction
No full textNot availabl
The valuation effects of tax legislation in corporate sell offs
No full textCorporate sell off activity has recently attracted considerable attention. The existence of excess returns for selling firm stockholders has been previously reported. This study attempts to identify the source of such gains by analyzing the impact of tax benefits involved in the sell off transaction. It is found that restrictions on transferability of the tax benefits reduce the realizable gains from sell offs.Ph. D
Tuberculosis control programme from NTCP to RNTCP to NTEP
Get PDFIndia, the highest TB burden country in the world, is having an estimated incidence of 26.9 lakh cases in 2019 (WHO). The year 2019 marks another milestone year for TB surveillance effort in India, with a record high notification of 24 lakhs cases; an increase of over 12% as compared to 2018. Of the 24 lakhs TB cases,(1) 21.6 lakhs were incident TB cases (New and Relapse/ Recurrent). This amount to an incident notification rate of approximately 159 cases/lakh against the estimated incidence rate of 199 cases/ lakh population; thus, closing the gap between the estimated and notified incident cases to just 40 Cases per lakh population, or an approximate of 5.4 lakh missing cases across India
Feasibility of a mobile based Continuing Medical Education (CME) program for recent updates in the medical colleges of Himachal Pradesh, India
No full textEffectiveness of randomized control trial of mobile phone messages on control of fasting blood glucose in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in a Northern State of India
No full textLimited availability of randomized control trial warranted the conduct of a present study to demonstrate the effectiveness of mobile phone-based short message services (SMSs) on reduction in mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 955 patients were recruited from primary and secondary health-care facilities and randomized to intervention (479) and control (476) group. Messages were delivered to patients for 12 months tailoring to their recent FBG values. SMS included information to maintain the desired FBG levels and next due date for FBG assessment. Patients were statistically similar for their age, socioeconomic status, smoking, and alcohol use. After the intervention, an average FBG declined from 163.7 to 152.8 mg/dl (P = 0.019) in intervention and from 150.5 to 149.2 mg/dl (P = 0.859) in control group. Adjusted for the baseline FBG, the intervention was found to be significantly effective (odds ratio: 1.7; 95 confidence interval: 1.2–2.6)
Age-Appropriate Immunization (AAI) as an Intractable Issue Subsequent to Coverage
Get PDFBackground: Age appropriate immunization (AAI) observed as an important issue irrespective of vaccine coverage. Aim: To study the extent of AAI in a state with high coverage for fully immunized (FI) coverage. Subjects and Methods: A rapid cross-sectional survey was done in all 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh, India using World Health Organization (WHO) approved 30 cluster techniques in every district. Mean age (in days) with 95.0% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to ascertain gap between vaccines; BCG, DPT/Hep B (1,2,3) and measles. Results: About 82.0% mothers possessed immunization card of 2491 surveyed children and coverage was found to be 84.9% for both BCG and DPT/Hep B-1, and 84.8%, 83.9%, and 82.7% for DPT/Hep B-2, 3 and measles respectively. The mean age of immunization observed to be 21.0 (95.0% CI: 19.1- 22.8) for BCG, 76.5 (95.0% CI: 73.8-79.4) for DPT/Hep B-1, 112.4 (95.0% CI: 109.3-115.5) for DPT/ Hep B-2, 148.0 (95.0% CI: 144.8-151.3) for DPT/Hep B-3, and 302.7 (95.0% CI: 299.5-305.6) days for measles. Mean gap in days between vaccines was observed as 58.1 (95.0% CI: 55.4-60.8) between BCG and DPT/Hep B-1, 42.6 (95.0% CI:40.4-44.7), 44.2 (95.0% CI:42.3-46.5), and 162.1 (95.0% CI: 159.3-164.8) between DPT/Hep B-1 and 2, DPT/Hep B-2 and 3, and DPT/Hep B-3 and measles respectively. Variation across districts was also observed for mean age of immunization and gap between vaccines. Conclusion: AAI observed as a public health issue adjunct to vaccination coverage in order to improve the quality of immunization services.Keywords: Age appropriate immunization, Mean ag
Surface assembly of nano-metalorganic framework on amine functionalized indium tin oxide substrate for impedimetric sensing of parathion
No full textThe present paper reports the assembly and pesticide sensing application of a nanometal organic framework [Cd(atc)(H2O)2]n (‘atc’=2-aminoterephthalic acid). The assembly of the NMOF film has been achieved by sequential dipping of a 2-aminobenzylamine (2-ABA) modified indium tin oxide (ITO) slide in organic linker ‘atc’ and metal ion ‘Cd2+’ solutions. The different structural and morphological characteristics of the NMOF thin film have been characterized. The availability of pendent –COOH functional groups on the assembled NMOF film is exploited to synthesize a pesticide immunosensor by conjugating the NMOF film with anti-parathion antibody. This immunosensor has been explored for the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) based analysis of parathion in the concentration range of 0.1–20 ng/mL. The proposed detection is specific with respect to other organophosphate compounds, e.g. malathion, paraoxon, fenitrothion, monochrotophos and dichlorovos. The proposed sensor shows the detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL and it is applicable for analysis of parathion in a rice sample. The sensor's performance is validated by comparting the obtained results with gas chromatographic data.Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial grant from CSIR India through project OMEGA/PSC0202/2.2.5. We are thankful to the Director, CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh, India. The fourth author acknowledges partial financial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (No. 2009-0093848)
Investing in women livestock advisers and farmers: Jharkhand Opportunities for Harnessing Rural Growth Programme in India
No full textInvesting in farmers – or agriculture human capital – is crucial to addressing challenges in our agri-food systems. A global study carried out by the FAO Investment Centre and the International Food Policy Research Institute, with support from the CGIAR Research Programme on Policies, Institutions and Markets and the FAO Research and Extension Unit, looks at agriculture human capital investments, from trends to promising initiatives. One of the nine featured case studies is the Jharkhand Opportunities for Harnessing Rural Growth Programme in India. This case explores investment in developing the human capital of women livestock farmers as certified master trainers and community service providers known as Ajeevika Pashu Sakhi (APS). The livestock farmers were strategically identified, trained and coached as APSs to provide doorstep technical, marketing and risk reduction support to women livestock farmers. The APSs were supported by certified master trainers. The APS model enhanced the economic and social well-being of rural poor women working as livestock farmers and APSs. This publication is part of the Country Investment Highlights series under the FAO Investment Centre's Knowledge for Investment (K4I) programme.Non-PRIFPRI2; CRP2; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; Capacity Strengthening; DCADSGD; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Agreement between international classification of disease (ICD) and cause of death and associated conditions (CODAC) for the ascertainment of cause of stillbirth (SB) in the rural areas of north India
No full textInternational Classification of Diseases-10 th version (ICD-10) has been used to ascertain the cause of death but its use for stillbirths (SBs) is limited. Cause of Death and Associated Conditions (CODAC) as a detailed system expected to provide the exact cause of SB, so a community-based study was planned to study the level of agreement between ICD-10 and CODAC for ascertaining the cause of SB. A verbal autopsy (VA) tool was used to collect the information and then the cause of each SB was assigned using ICD-10 and CODAC separately. Each tool was used for 87 SBs and found that prolonged singleton labor, maternal pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), and central nervous system (CNS) related congenital malformations were considered the top three causes. There was a significant agreement between ICD-10 and CODAC but the latter offers a scope to delineate the causes more precisely due to its hierarchal nature
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