701 research outputs found
Deer mandible tools: an examination of Oneota modified mandibles from La Crosse County, Wisconsin
No full textThis study focuses on the modified deer mandibles that have been recovered at late prehistoric Oneota sites over the last few decades by the M.V.A.C. in La Crosse County, Wisconsin. The purpose of this study is to clarify through experimentation the function of Oneota tools made from deer mandibles.
Of the numerous deer mandibles and deer mandible fragments that have been recovered from Oneota context in the La Crosse locality there are a set of five deer mandibles, which show signs of heavy wear along the fracture of the bone marrow cavity where they were broken, presumably to obtain the marrow. These artifacts were found at the Pammel Creek site (47Lc61), the Valley View site (47Lc34), and the Gundersen Lutheran site (47Lc394), and the Sand Lake site (47Lc44). Experimental use demonstrated that the Oneota mandibles were identified as hide scrapers, which were used to soften leather for hide working
The missing link: an examination of skin clothing production of north central plains Native Americans
No full textDeer hides are one of the most commonly used materials for clothing production among the prehistoric Northern Great Plains peoples. Richard Michael Gramly?s 1977 article, Deerskins and Hunting Territories: Competition for a Scarce Resource of the Northeastern Woodlands, assumed an estimate of 3.5 hides per person per year. A figure widely cited in anthropological literature, yet provides no supporting data. This investigation seeks to find that data as applied to the Plains Indians. Measurements were taken of known clothing articles to determine surface area, and these were compared with the surface areas of average sizes of small, medium, and large hides. Comparing the surface areas allowed for an accurate estimation of the number of hides needed by both a man and woman for an appropriate climate wardrobe. Such information can be vital in interpreting prehistoric and historic hunting patterns, with significant social and ecological implications
Fashion Culture: Constance White in conversation with Valerie Steele
No full textOn February 27, 2018, author Constance White joined Dr. Valerie Steele to discuss the influence of black style on today’s fashion vernacular, drawing on striking images of trendsetters from Josephine Baker to Michelle Obama, Rihanna, and Pharrell Williams. White’s book, How to Slay, is one of the few surveys of black style and fashion ever published
Black Fashion Designers Symposium: Elizabeth Way in conversation with Teri Agins, Dario Calmese, and Constance White
No full textElizabeth Way, in conversation with Teri Agins, Dario Calmese, and Constance White at The Museum at FIT's annual fashion symposium, Black Fashion Designers, held on Monday, February 6, 2017.The one-day symposium featured talks by designers, models, journalists, and scholars on African diasporic culture and fashion.Elizabeth Way is curatorial assistant at MFIT. She co-curated the exhibitions Black Fashion Designers and Global Fashion Capitals.Teri Agins spent 25 years as a reporter for The Wall Street Journal, where she continues to write the “Ask Teri” fashion advice column. She is author of The End of Fashion.Dario Calmese writes for The Daily Beast and is a photographer, visual director, and whose clients have included Beyoncé, Pyer Moss, and Public School.Constance White is an award-winning journalist and author of Stylenoir, a pioneering book on black culture and style
Determination of period of cultural occupation at the Harriet Johnson Site (FS# 05-891)
No full textThis paper uses lithic analysis, floral analysis, and radiocarbon dating to determine the period of cultural occupation at the Harriet Johnson Site located in the
Superior National Forest (SNF) of northeastern Minnesota and partially excavated in the
summers of 2004 and 2005. Statistical analysis of the artifact assemblage currently on
loan from the SNF and housed at the Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center indicated the range of local lithic raw materials present, tool types, and levels of cultural occupations. The working hypothesis is that this site has a Shield Archaic component as
well as a possible Paleoindian component. Statistical analysis of the total lithics recovered using Microsoft Access has helped to provide a means to determine favored raw materials as well as cultural levels. Radiocarbon dating of the feature will also help to determine the occupation of this site. Cultural period may not be able to be determined
from this assemblage, but analysis can point to the most probable occupation. Compiling
this data into a site report will provide archaeologists in the area with a valuable resource. A description of a Shield Archaic occupation would help future researchers in the area further define this cultural complex
Origin and spread of rice cultivation within the Yangtze River Valley, southern China
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to provide a description of the origin and spread of rice
cultivation within the Yangtze River Valley. The region of eastern China, particularly the
Yangtze River is thought to be the point of origin for rice cultivation and domestication,
among many other theories. The data came from assemblages from various sites in Southeastern and central China. The oldest dates are associated with rice husks and grains being used as pottery temper, dated to 9500 ? 500 years B.P. According to one theory
Oryza rufipogon evolved into O. sativa japonica and O. sativa indica. However research
on the genetics from O. sativa indica indicated that this subspecies could be the result of
hybridization between wild rice and O. s. japonica
Fabric, form, function: anomalous tempers in fineware ceramics from El-Mahasna, Egypt
No full textDuring the 1995-2000 seasons of the el-Mahasna Archaeological Project in Egypt, a small proportion of the recovered fineware sherd assemblage was identified as having been manufactured using anomalous tempers relative to the majority of those recovered. This paper will discuss the results of an analysis of these ceramics conducted during the recent 2009/2010 excavation season. In particular, this study examined the relationship between fabric, form, and function within the fineware ceramics at el-Mahasna in an attempt to determine if temper was related to vessel function or rather was the result of the region of origin of the vessels
Artificial cranial modification at the Carson Mound site
No full textThe Carson Mound site is one of the largest prehistoric ceremonial centers in the Mississippi alluvial valley. It is a Mississippian mound center and dates from approximately 900-1500 AD. In 1894 Cyrus Thomas included a map of this site that showed more than 80 mounds. Unfortunately most of the smaller mounds have been destroyed by more than 100 years of agriculture. Excavations of the site began in 2008. During the summer of 2009 burial pit four finished undergoing excavation with approximately 33 individuals recovered. Out of all the burials found at Carson that have been analyzed all but two are bundle burials. During the excavation of Burial four, one of the mass burial pits, two individuals showing signs of artificial cranial modification were identified. This paper attempts to explain the significance of the artificial cranial modification at the Carson Mound site and determine if it is an indicator of status
Evolution of Egyptian religion reflected in temple architecture
No full textReligion was vital to Ancient Egyptian life; even foreign rule could not change the Egyptians' need to express their conviction in their deep rooted religious beliefs. By looking at Egyptian divine temples from the New Kingdom to the Graeco-Roman era (~1550 B.C. ? A.D. 395), you can see that architecture and decoration alterations in response to changes in the current practicing religion making it possible to determine during which time period some features were constructed. This study will look at changes in religion to determine identifiable characteristics that should appear in the temple design and decoration. The research will conclude that the presence of mammisis (birth houses), Serapis, extensive animal mummification, and temples dedicated to a goddess are reliable characteristics that may help to date a temple that was constructed during the Graeco-Roman period
Subsistence strategies of the Oneota tradition in Southwestern Wisconsin : a nutritional profile
No full textIn the La Crosse region, the Oneota people utilized a variety of wild animal and plant resources, as well as their own domesticated plants. Did this population suffer from nutrition related diseases or were there any nutritional gaps in their diet? The Oneota used a particular set of subsistence strategies when they chose highly nutritious foods to put in their diet, which created a stable way of life as the first farmers of Southwestern Wisconsin. This paper explores the overall health of the Oneota people in La Crosse and the different nutritional values of the native animal and plant resources found in this region. Two food profiles are established to demonstrate the balanced diets, by contemporary standards by the USDA, of both a ?mixed economy? and ?primarily wild economy? food plan for an Oneota individual who lived 400 years ago
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