36 research outputs found
Explanation mining
No full textIn this thesis, we propose the idea of computational analysis of explanations. Explanations are used to provide an understanding of a concept, procedure or reasoning to others. Although explanations are present online ubiquitously within textbooks, videos, blogposts, discussion forums, and many more, there is no way to mine them automatically. As a result, users in need of an explanation have to rely on search engines and potentially read through multiple documents in an attempt to find a suitable explanation. This process can be highly tedious for them and may not even be successful in some cases. On the other hand, there are many users such as educators, authors, who write explanations and can benefit from assistants that help enhance the quality of their explanations. The goal of computational analysis of explanations is to assist both these kinds of users. In this work, our focus is on Explanation Mining to assist users seeking explanations.
For understanding some of the linguistic features of explanations across multiple domains, we first apply standard Learning-to-rank models to rank explanations collected from the Explain Like I'm Five (ELI5) reddit forum. Based on cross-domain experiments, we find that a model trained on a sufficiently large dataset achieves decent performance across all domains which suggests that there are some common markers of explanations. Next, to apply this knowledge to the practical problem of mining explanations of educational concepts, we propose a baseline approach based on the popular Language Modeling approach of information retrieval. We show that incorporating knowledge from a model trained on the ELI5 dataset in the form of a document prior helps increase the performance of a standard retrieval model. This is encouraging because our method requires minimal in-domain supervision, as a result it can be deployed for multiple online courses. Finally, we show a demo system that acts as an assistant to online learners while viewing slides. The system enables users to select any piece of text on the slide and find an explanation for it. We conclude with some interesting directions for future work in this field.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01The student, Bhavya, accepted the attached license on 2020-05-12 at 14:25.The student, Bhavya, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-05-12 at 14:30.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-05-13 at 08:19.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15341 on 2020-08-25 at 17:44:22Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-27T00:51:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2020-05-13Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115961
Lift date: 2022-08-27T00:51:40Z
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Pathways to psychopathology risk: neonatal limbic structures and the postnatal environment
No full textChildren’s psychopathology risk presents a significant public health concern. Pathways to psychopathology risk may be conceptualized as interactions between biological and environmental factors across the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal periods. This study elucidates such interactions among a subsample of 93 triads drawing from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. Specifically, we examined whether relations between prenatal maternal mental health and early childhood psychopathology risk (internalizing and externalizing behaviours measured when children were 4 years of age) were moderated by postnatal paternal mental health. Secondly, we examined whether relations between postnatal paternal mental health and early childhood psychopathology risk were moderated by neonatal limbic structures (hippocampus and amygdala volumes). While we found consistent associations between prenatal maternal mental health and children’s psychopathology risk, these relations were not moderated by postnatal paternal mental health. Yet, both neonatal left hippocampus and bilateral amygdala moderated associations between postnatal paternal mental health and children’s psychopathology risk, where the hippocampus appeared to be a marker of differential susceptibility (indicating a risk/resilience model) and the amygdala a marker of vantage sensitivity (indicating a resilience model). Results suggest that larger neonatal limbic structures may function as neonatal neurophenotypes underlying inter-individual differences in sensitivity to the environment which further shape psychopathology risk. Within this context, we discuss avenues for future research that may investigate other biological and environmental influences to further illuminate the complex pathways to psychopathology. Our findings may offer insights into the planning of targeted and well-timed interventions for children’s mental health.Bachelor's degre
Interactions of neonatal brain morphology and paternal mental health on children's psychopathology risk
No full textThe associations between prenatal maternal mental health and children’s psychopathology risk are longstanding (van den Bergh et al., 2022). However, such associations are not necessarily deterministic, and some children are at greater risk of developing psychopathology than others, with evidence suggesting that children’s limbic brain structures (eg., Rifkin-Graboi et al., 2019) and paternal environments (eg., Vakrat et al., 2018) may play a role. In particular, among children exposed to maternal depressive and/or anxiety symptoms, their brain at birth may influence their sensitivity to the postnatal environment. Paternal mental health is a source of environmental variation that may affect children’s psychopathology risk. The current study aims to elucidate these pathways to psychopathology risk by considering biological (i.e., amygdala and hippocampal volumes at birth) and environmental (i.e., paternal mental health) sources of risk and resilience in a sample drawing from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) prospective birth cohort study
Urban Resources: Banking on cities for secondary resources to release the pressure on natural environment and progress towards Environmentally Sustainable urban integrated systems
No full textThis thesis seeks to explore the concept of Circular Economy and its integration into urban planning as a tool of implementation. The goal of this thesis is to develop environmentally sustainable cities. To develop environmentally sustainable cities, the thesis focuses on two major resource flows in the city: food and water, whose waste streams and high demand are causing damage to the environment. The thesis has developed regional strategies for both the resource flows in decentralized systems and centralized systems. It has emphasized the integration of socio-ecological systems and socio-technical systems that are required in order to successfully implement a circular economy in developing countries. The strategies and the spatial design are elaborated in two pilot projects which have different challenges.Urban MetabolismArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanis
Perylene as Cathode for Magnesium Batteries: A feasibility study
No full textMagnesium ion batteries (MIB) have attracted much attention from battery researchers around the globe. Magnesium is divalent in nature and offer a higher theoretical capacity than that of lithium. However, the magnesium research is still in the niche stage and the search continues for better electrolyte systems and for high voltage cathode materials. Currently, extensive research is being done in employing organic materials for battery cathode materials. Organic materials are made from naturally occurring compounds and are easy to dispose since they have no metals. Perylene diimide is an organic material gaining importance as cathode material in metal ion batteries.The goal of the project is to determine the voltage window of perylene in lithium and magnesium battery systems. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) is employed to measure the electrochemical activity of the cell. The output of the CV is a scan of the current versus the voltage. During the operation of the cell, duck shaped peaks are observed which correspond to the reduction/oxidation activity of the cathode and the anode respectively. The current corresponding to the peaks is used to determine the cathodic and anodic current of the cell. Once the voltage and the current are known, the area under the peaks is calculated to determine thecharge/discharge capacity of the cell.Since no prior research was done on magnesium, the most common cathode material (inorganic), chevrel phase molybdenum sulphide is synthesized and tested. Research with the perylene as cathode material is started with lithium because lithium is being studied extensively in the research group. Tests with both the monomer and the polymer has been conducted against lithium and magnesium battery systems. The lithium cell employing perylene is optimized as much as possible and is shown to be electrochemically active. The lithium cell shows a redox voltage of 2.5V vs Li/Li+. In the magnesium system, perylene is active as small peaks are observed at 1.5V and 1.7V vs Mg/Mg2+. However, the cell fails to operate after the first charge. This is most likely due to the electrolyte forming a passive film on the surface of the anode. It is recommended to disassemble the magnesium cell after the first discharge cycle to observe the magnesiation on the cathode and the passive film formation on the anode.Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technolog
Amelioration Of Xenobiotic-Induced Oxidative Stress In The Brain And Liver Of Rats By The Root Extract Of Decalepis Hamiltonii
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Dismantling the Chaos Exception: Ukraine v. Russia and Human Rights Accountability
No full textThe author argues that the Grand Chamber's landmark ruling represents a "Nicaragua moment" for human rights law, fundamentally recalibrating the relationship between armed conflict and accountability by dismantling the doctrinal barriers that previously immunized battlefield violence from European Convention scrutiny..
Cloning of Hexachlorocyclohexane degrading Genes of Bacterial Isolates in Escherichia Coli Dh5α
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Biological activity of Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus)
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
