4 research outputs found
Performance Evaluation of Broadcast Domain on the Lightweight Multi-Fog Blockchain Platform for a LoRa-Based Internet of Things Network
No full textThe Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology that allows every object or item to become part of the Internet and interact with each other. One of the technologies based on the IoT is Long Range (LoRa). Apart from the increasing number of IoT services, security aspects become a separate issue in the development of the IoT. One of the solutions is to utilize blockchain technology in the IoT topology to secure the data and transactions that occur in the IoT network. The blockchain can take minutes to compute a cryptographic chain. It also needs sufficient computing resources. This problem gave rise to the idea of establishing a lightweight blockchain platform with low latency that could run on devices with low computing resources as well as IoT devices. We offered a technology called Lightweight Multi-Fog (LMF) in our previous publication that is implemented using the Lightweight Scalable Blockchain (LSB) algorithm and the fog network on the IoT to solve the problem of integrating a blockchain with the IoT. In this paper, we simulate how the broadcast domain on LMF works and verify the results in lower latency and energy transmission compared to the standard blockchain model. The results showed that the average increase of the total delivery time (Taverage) on the LMF platform was smaller than the average increase of the total delivery time (Taverage), which was 0.53% for the variations in the number of nodes and 0.27% for the variations in the number of brokers/miners. Regarding the average increase of the total energy delivery (Eaverage), the Proof of Work (PoW) platform has a smaller increase of the total energy delivery (Eaverage), which is 1.68% during the variations in the number of nodes. In contrast, the LMF platform has a smaller average increase of the total shipping energy (Eaverage), which is 0.28% for the variations in the number of brokers/miners
Securing IoT Network using Lightweight MultiFog (LMF) Blockchain Model
Get PDFSecurity is one of the most important issues in the Internet of Things (IoT). The Mirai botnet case in September 2016 revealed a serious vulnerability in IoT devices. Researchers try to mitigate the issues using several approaches. One of them uses Blockchain for the solution. At first, the integration of the Blockchain on IoT seems promising. However, there are problems in resource consumption and latency. Several solutions emerge to make Blockchain uses low resource consumption i.e., LSB and FogBus. Unfortunately, each solution has its weaknesses. FogBus has a weakness in integrity, whereas LSB has a weakness in its availability when an attack occurs on a broker. We introduce Lightweight Multi-Fog (LMF) Blockchain Model to increase availability in the LSB model. The main idea is increasing the integrity availability by splitting location based on Broadcast Domains while using Fog Computing on each Broadcast Domain. An attack in some Broadcast Domain cannot impact transactions and process in other Broadcast Domain and each Broadcast Domain have its separate transaction and process. LMF enhances the integrity and availability of the Light Blockchain Model. However, it still requires simulations in the future to get a better understanding of LMF performance, resource consumption, and latenc
