231 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Conversation about the Panchayat
No full textArvind and Kahan discuss the Panchayat, the village leadership that runs government programs in Chhitkul village, and what it has achieved. Arvind is a current member of the Panchayat, while Kahan is a former member. The recording was made at Amar Guest House in Chhitkul
Supplemental Material - Outcome of critically ill patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from a medical intensive care unit in Southern India
No full textSupplemental Material for Outcome of critically ill patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from a medical intensive care unit in Southern India by Arvind Bhargav, Venkateswaran Ramanathan, Ramu Ramadoss, Chengappa Kavadichanda, Christina Mary Mariaselvam, Vir Singh Negi, and Molly Mary Thabah in Lupus</p
Supplemental Material - Outcome of critically ill patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from a medical intensive care unit in Southern India
No full textSupplemental Material for Outcome of critically ill patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from a medical intensive care unit in Southern India by Arvind Bhargav, Venkateswaran Ramanathan, Ramu Ramadoss, Chengappa Kavadichanda, Christina M Mariaselvam, Vir S Negi, and Molly M Thabah in Lupus</p
Desorption of artemisinin extracts of CIM-Arogya by supercritical carbon dioxide
No full textArtemisinin is a drug for chloroquine resistant malaria and cerebral malaria treatments. In the recent past, there was an acute shortage of this drug and hence World Health Organization made a strategy to fulfil the Artemisinin demand.
In this study, artemisinin was extracted by supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SFCO2) from CIM-Arogya, a variety of Artemisia annua, in temperature and pressure ranges of 313.1-333.1 K and 15–25 MPa. Artemisinin global yield isotherms were determined obtaining a maximum yield of 3.65 wt%. Artemisinin extracts were also obtained by hexane Soxhlet extraction: then, the crude extracts were purified using SFCO2, after adsorption on silica gel. Different desorption runs were performed with a 6 ml/min CO2 flow rate, in temperature and pressure ranges of 313.1–333.1 K and 15–25 MPa. At different time intervals, extracts were collected and analysed: their yields varied from 2.75% to 4.34% function of the experimental conditions. Desorption trials were also correlated with different models
Purification of artemisinin from hexane extracts of CIM-Arogya on solid matrix by supercritical CO2 extraction
No full textInvestigation of various ligand design approaches and synthesis of diverse heterocyclic bioactive compounds
No full textStructure-based design and ligand-based design are one of the most common approaches used to develop new inhibitors against druggable protein targets in various human disorders. Mcl-1 is a protein belongs to Bcl-2 family which has a prime role in apoptosis and therefore its targeting improvises its mitogenic effect in a number of serious complications such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. However, various heterocyclic cores were used to developed Mcl-1 inhibitors in last few decades (mainly, polyphenols, thiazoles, thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidinone, indoles, acenaphthylene-phenalenes, pyrroles, isoquinoline-quinolines, anthraquinone-quinazolines, naphthols, salicylic-anthranilic acids, benzylpiperazines, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines, isoindolines, imidazolidine-2,4-dione, non-peptidomimetic macrocycles), and is compiled in objective 2.1 of chapter 2 of this thesis. Also, various naturally-derived compounds (such as gymnochrome-F, oxy-polyhalogenated diphenyl ethers, anacardic acids, endiandric acids, marinopyrroles cryptosphaerolide, meiogynins) were also discovered in the past and had shown low micromolar activity against Mcl-1. However, lack of their biophysical studies leads to objective 2.2 of chapter 2 where the concept of multiple-receptor conformation and multiple-ligand conformation was used initially to evaluate the employed methodology, used for finding the precise and accurate docking structures of these naturally derived Mcl-1 inhibitors. Finally, the resulted dock scores of respective naturally derived Mcl-1 inhibitors were compared with their Mcl-1 binding affinities. The previous ligand design information clearly indicates simple structures such as diphenyl propenone structures could be beneficial in tight binding to P2-P3 or P3-P4 pocket of Mcl-1 protein. Based on parent structure binding, further exploration of these structures were performed to enhance the scope of the structure-activity relationship (such as synthesis of pyrazolines, pyrazoles, O-phenyl alkyl bromides, N-substituted pyrazoles, 5-amino-4-cyano-diphenyl pyridines, symmetrical and asymmetrical triphenyl pyridines, imidazoles and indoles). However, a novel synthetic method was also developed to improve the yield and scope of triphenyl pyridines.
Chapter 3 involves the designing and synthesis of non-peptidomimetic secondary protein structures as alpha-helix or as beta-sheets where Objective 3.1 contains synthesis of Bis-triphenyl pyridine core and Triphenyl pyridine-pyrazole core as BH3 alpha helix. This is the first time that a Bis-triphenyl core and triphenyl pyridine pyrazole core is reported. However, the second objective (objective 3.2) provides a computational study of macrocycle-embedded carbohydrates for serotonin isoforms and ions channels (Negi et al., Eur J Med
Chem, 2019, 176, 292-309). The highlights of this study were the construction of the homology models of NK2, 5HT1A, 5HT2A Site-2 of the sodium channel and retro screening of in-house compounds.
In chapter 4, special focus was given on the biophysical studies of somatostatin isoforms and fucosidase enzyme (Zhou et al., 2019, Biorg Chem, 2019, 84, 418-433). Initially, homology models of somatostatin isoforms (Negi et al., Eur J Med Chem, 2019, 163, 148-159) and fucosidase enzymes were constructed and later, successfully found in agreement with Ramachandran plot, Errat plot and ProSA. Also, various ligand metrics based on lipophilicity were also used. Also, the computational studies were correlated with the IC50/Ki data.2023-09-2
Natural Dyes and Pigments: Sustainable Applications and Future Scope
No full textNatural dyes and pigments are gaining importance as a sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes. Sourced from renewable materials, they are known for their biodegradable and non-toxic properties, offering a diverse range of color profiles and applications across industries such as textiles, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals. This manuscript discusses various aspects of natural dyes and pigments (derived from plants and microbes), including anthocyanins, flavonoids, carotenoids, lactones, and chlorophyll. Furthermore, it highlights the polyphenolic nature of these compounds, which is responsible for their antioxidant activity and contributes to their anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and immunomodulatory effects. However, natural dyes are often categorized as pigments rather than dyes due to their limited solubility, a consequence of their molecular characteristics. Consequently, this manuscript provides a detailed discussion of key structural challenges associated with natural dyes and pigments, including thermal decomposition, photodegradation, photoisomerization, cross-reactivity, and pH sensitivity. Due to these limitations, natural dyes are currently used in relatively limited applications, primarily in the food industry, and, to lesser extent, in textiles and coatings. Nevertheless, with ongoing research and technological innovations, natural dyes present a viable alternative to synthetic dyes, promoting a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future
Cationized Cellulose Materials: Enhancing Surface Adsorption Properties Towards Synthetic and Natural Dyes
No full textCellulose is a homopolymer composed of β-glucose units linked by 1,4-beta linkages in a linear arrangement, providing its structure with intermolecular H-bonding networking and crystallinity. The participation of hydroxy groups in the H-bonding network results in a low-to-average nucleophilicity of cellulose, which is insufficient for executing a nucleophilic reaction. Importantly, as a polyhydroxy biopolymer, cellulose has a high proportion of hydroxy groups in secondary and primary forms, providing it with limited aqueous solubility, highly dependent on its form, size, and other materialistic properties. Therefore, cellulose materials are generally known for their low reactivity and limited aqueous solubility and usually undergo aqueous medium-assisted pretreatment methods. The cationization of cellulose materials is one such example of pretreatment, which introduces a positive charge over its surface, improving its accessibility towards anionic group-containing molecules or application-targeted functionalization. The chemistry of cationization of cellulose has been widely explored, leading to the development of various building blocks for different material-based applications. Specifically, in coloration applications, cationized cellulose materials have been extensively studied, as the dyeing process benefits from the enhanced ionic interactions with anionic groups (such as sulfate, carboxylic groups, or phenolic groups), minimizing/eliminating the need for chemical auxiliaries. This study provides insights into the chemistry of cellulose cationization, which can benefit the material, polymer, textile, and color chemist. This paper deals with the chemistry information of cationization and how it enhances the reactivity of cellulose fibers towards its processing
Environmental Impact of Textile Materials: Challenges in Fiber-Dye Chemistry and Implication of Microbial Biodegradation
No full textSynthetic and natural fibers are widely used in the textile industry. Natural fibers include cellulose-based materials like cotton, and regenerated fibers like viscose as well as protein-based fibers such as silk and wool. Synthetic fibers, on the other hand, include PET and polyamides (like nylon). Due to significant differences in their chemistry, distinct dyeing processes are required, each generating specific waste. For example, cellulose fibers exhibit chemical inertness toward dyes, necessitating chemical auxiliaries that contribute to wastewater contamination, whereas synthetic fibers are a major source of non-biodegradable microplastic emissions. Addressing the environmental impact of fiber processing requires a deep molecular-level understanding to enable informed decision-making. This manuscript emphasizes potential solutions, particularly through the biodegradation of textile materials and related chemical waste, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6, which promotes clean water and sanitation. For instance, cost-effective methods using enzymes or microbes can aid in processing the fibers and their associated dyeing solutions while also addressing textile wastewater, which contains high concentrations of unreacted dyes, salts, and other highly water-soluble pollutants. This paper covers different aspects of fiber chemistry, dyeing, degradation mechanisms, and the chemical waste produced by the textile industry, while highlighting microbial-based strategies for waste mitigation. The integration of microbes not only offers a solution for managing large volumes of textile waste but also paves the way for sustainable technologies
Mechanisms of Antibacterial Activity of the Fruit and the Bark Extracts of Dillenia Indica
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
- …
