2,409 research outputs found
Examining the role of reasoning and working memory in predicting casual game performance across extended gameplay
No full textThe variety and availability of casual video games presents an exciting opportunity for applications such as cognitive training. Casual games have been associated with fluid abilities such as working memory (WM) and reasoning, but the importance of these cognitive constructs in predicting performance may change across extended gameplay and vary with game structure. The current investigation examined the relationship between cognitive abilities and casual game performance over time by analyzing first and final session performance over 4-5 weeks of game play. We focused on two groups of subjects who played different types of casual games previously shown to relate to WM and reasoning when played for a single session: 1) puzzle-based games played adaptively across sessions and 2) speeded switching games played non-adaptively across sessions. Reasoning uniquely predicted first session casual game scores for both groups and accounted for much of the relationship with WM. Furthermore, over time, WM became uniquely important for predicting casual game performance for the adaptive games but not for the non-adaptive games. These results extend the burgeoning literature on cognitive abilities involved in video games by elucidating the differential relationships of fluid abilities across game type and extended play. More broadly, the current study illustrates the usefulness of using multiple cognitive measures in predicting performance and provides potential directions for game-based cognitive training research.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01The student, Michael Kranz, accepted the attached license on 2016-03-16 at 17:40.The student, Michael Kranz, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-03-16 at 17:56.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-03-17 at 08:22.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9109 on 2016-07-07 at 13:48:36Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T20:26:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-17Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93080
Lift date: 2018-07-07T20:28:14Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93080
Lift date: 2018-07-07T20:35:34Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 93080 on 2018-07-08T09:15:30Z
Training and transfer of training in rapid visual search under high target-background similarity
No full textNear-perfect transfer of training was observed in a previous study when participants trained to search for targets on camouflage backgrounds (high target-background similarity) were just as quick to find the camouflaged targets from a different set of images (Boot, Neider & Kramer, 2009). This was achieved in a free viewing paradigm. The unusually robust transfer suggested that participants were learning some general ability to recognize camouflaged targets rather than how each target image stood out against its corresponding background. To explore changes in attentional networks with training in an MRI environment in the future, a paradigm suitable for an fMRI study was tested to determine if the training and transfer benefits remained when using a rapid presentation search paradigm that relies on covert attention. Two groups of participants were tested before and after training, and trained in either camouflage or non-camouflage background conditions. The results showed significant improvements with camouflage training and transfer benefits at the post-training camouflage background test, compared to the control group with non-camouflage training. Both groups were able to use covert attention to detect and recognize camouflaged targets in a brief display, and the camouflage training group transferred this skill to new image set.Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2012-12-11T18:59:49Z
Item was in collections:
University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
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Ang_Cher Wee.pdf: 1008998 bytes, checksum: 944e89f79157ebbacd3613cc6815643f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-02-03T19:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Training and transfer of training in rapid visual search under high target-background similarity.doc: 1636352 bytes, checksum: abb7f2e7226132aeead1ea3e0a8c63bc (MD5)
license.txt: 4059 bytes, checksum: 68011f6837cb3c48b8ec3f4877a2a162 (MD5)Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:12:05-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: 2015-02-03 13:18:53 UTC
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemItem marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Seth Robbins ([email protected]) on 2013-02-03T19:19:09Z
Item is restricted until 2015-02-03T19:18:53ZU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 42129 on 2015-02-03T11:00:39Z
Attention to Non-Contiguous Locations of the Visual Field
No full textOur recent finding (Kramer and Hahn, 1995) challenged the traditionally accepted idea that attention can be directed to only one connected area at a time. We investigated this issue with a same-different matching task while pre-cueing two separate locations. Our results suggested that attention can be allocated to noncontiguous regions of space as long as sudden-onsets do not appear between the attended locations. We hypothesized that subjects could allocate attention over noncontiguous locations of the visual fields, but may not be able to maintain the multiple foci if stimulus-based attention capture by sudden-onsets disrupt previous built attentional foci. The series of current experiments further provided the converging evidence that people could attend to multiple (at least two) noncontiguous locations simultaneously. We modified LaBerge's (1995) cognitive neuroscience model of attention with two stage of attentional distribution to provide the explanatory framework of attentional distribution over noncontiguous locations.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T20:39:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4848 bytes, checksum: 96035ab3f5e1c23cc7138a224ce498bd (MD5)
9717280.pdf: 4518753 bytes, checksum: 3670adc942a94966039a57126d3dca0b (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1997Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 83487
Lift date: Forever
Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only112 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1997
Cardiovascular Fitness and Creativity in Children
No full textCreativity permeates virtually all aspects of humanity, as human-made creations and connections are all around us. Another common human phenomenon is aerobic exercise, and its corresponding, longer-term condition, cardiovascular fitness. Multiple studies support cardiovascular fitness as a positive correlate of, and aerobic exercise as an inducer of, cognitive benefits and both structural and functional brain changes, across ages and species. From an understanding of the relationships between aerobic exercise/cardiovascular fitness and certain neurocognitive changes, along with an understanding of the neural processes underlying creativity, a theoretical psychophysiological relationship between aerobic exercise/cardiovascular fitness and creativity appears. There is indirect support that neural and behavioral changes induced by exercise, or consistent with high cardiovascular fitness, may result in improved creativity. However, there is currently little research examining this relationship. Additionally, the relationship of aerobic exercise/cardiovascular fitness and creativity has seemingly been unexamined in children. In this study, cardiovascular fitness levels of eight 9-11 year olds, as determined by a maximal oxygen consumption test, were related to both the number and uniqueness of appropriate responses in creativity tasks. There were no significant correlations between cardiovascular fitness and these creativity measures. The limited sample size hindered the ability to ascertain a more complete analysis of these relationships. Future research should include a larger sample size, take into consideration factors such as motivation, sleep, and stress, and perform neuroimaging. These would allow a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between cardiovascular fitness and creativity.Submitted by Heidi Johnson ([email protected]) on 2015-05-26T21:37:45Z
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Steinberg_Jason.pdf: 352501 bytes, checksum: 329f39997fdccb11368707b8a808e26a (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-26T21:37:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2015-05Ope
Perceptual organization and selective attention: Age-related effects
No full textThe research dealing with age-related deficits in driving performance has suggested that changes in visual selective attention are related to changes in driving performance with age. The research reported here seeks to complement past research by investigating age-related changes in facets of visual selection attention that have not been thoroughly investigated to date. The thrust of the present research is to determine the extent of age-related differences in the use of aspects of the visual environment to facilitate the processing of task-relevant stimuli; age related differences that are independent of physical changes in the optic system. More specifically, the first study considers age-related differences in the use of color and proximity to facilitate the recall of stimulus sets. The next three studies address whether there are age-related differences in the use of featural information in determining the presence or absence of a target in a multi-element display.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:15:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 1994Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:52:20Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:24:05-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
Perceptual similarity of closed contours
No full textA model is presented for characterizing the perceptual similarities of closed contours, utilizing a Fourier analysis on the cumulative angular bend of the curve. The model is tested in four experiments, using both ratings of similarity and accuracy of discrimination. The results indicate that in cases where the underlying Fourier dimensionality is low, the model is quite successful, as indicated by consistently high, significant correlations between the predicted and judged similarities, and by the fit of Fourier components to the dimensions recovered from multidimensional scaling solutions. When the dimensionality in the frequency space is high, the model is also shown to account for measures of perceptual similarity, albeit to a lesser degree. Implications of the work, and suggestions for alternative versions of the model, are discussed.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:49:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 1992Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:46:16Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:20:40-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
Selection from a hierarchical world of uniform connected regions
No full textThe Space and Object-Based Selection (SOBS) model of visual selective attention is presented, which suggests that basic geometric properties of visual stimuli provide the definition and organization of objects, and that these objects are the candidates for attentional selection. The theory suggests that uniform connected (UC) regions, which are contiguous surfaces of relatively homogenous visual characteristics, such as luminosity, texture and color (Palmer & Rock, 1994), provide the organizational primitives for object definition. These primitives can be grouped into higher order objects, based on classic Gestalt principles (Wertheimer, 1923), or decomposed into smaller constituent parts based on parsing operations (Hoffman & Richards, 1984). A perceptual hierarchy is formed, where selection can occur from high level grouped representations, entry level single UC regions, or low level parsed representations. In six studies, subjects were presented with stimuli which resembled common wrenches, and were instructed to search these stimuli for two critical aspects. Results demonstrated that manipulations of basic geometric properties, such as the number of UCs that a wrench was constructed from, or the presence of sharply defined parsing points, could influence the production of perceptual representations, and encourage subjects to process multiple aspects of a single wrench as parts of either the same or of different objects. Additionally, two of the studies demonstrated that attentional priming manipulations could be used to direct attention to various levels within the perceptual hierarchy.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:53:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
9625213.pdf: 4825186 bytes, checksum: 47c6ae2c0d42bee4c40af0195e82172c (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1996Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:47:18Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:21:20-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
Auditory frequency and location processing in an attention-switching paradigm: Evidence of distinct early selection mechanisms
No full text"Four experiments were designed to address a number of questions concerning the mechanisms underlying auditory selective attention as well as the relationship of components of the Event-Related Potential (ERP) to these filtering processes. Specifically, Nataanen's ""attentional trace theory"" postulates that a common sensory memory based mechanism indexed by the Negative difference (Nd) wave is responsible for the stimulus-set filtering of all auditory attributes. An attention-switching paradigm was developed to test a specific prediction of Nataanen's model--that stimulus-set filtering should be impossible for the first relevant stimulus of a sequence before the corresponding information exists in sensory memory. While evidence in support of Nataanen's model was obtained for the filtering of frequency information, a distinct mechanism was implicated for the filtering of location information. The data were also examined for evidence in support of Kubovy's ""indispensable attribute theory"" which posits that subjects should be more likely to aggregate auditory information on the basis of frequency than location information. Contrary to Kubovy's prediction, in all four experiments, any time the data indicated a filtering bias towards a particular dimension, superior processing of location information was obtained."Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:12:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 1992Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:38:11Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:15:52-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
Differences in brain architecture during long-term recovery following mild traumatic brain injury
No full textMild TBI (mTBI) is brain trauma from an external impact with a loss of consciousness less than 30 minutes. mTBI results in several biopsychosocial impairments with pronounced cognitive deficits, thought to resolve within three months of injury. Previous research suggests that these impairments are due to a temporary inability to appropriately allocate neural resources in response to cognitive demands. Our study questioned this assumption and instead hypothesized that mTBI was associated with long-term neural disruptions and compromised brain structure integrity. By extension, we investigated the likelihood that functional restitution and cognitive resolution following mTBI may be due to some form of neurofunctional reorganization. To this end, we examined abnormalities in resting state functional connectivity and structure (volume, thickness, and fractional anisotropy) in two groups of mTBI – those with 1-10 yrs. time-post injury (mTBI1-10), and those with 20-65 yrs. time post-injury (mTBI20-65), relative to age-, sex-, and education-matched controls. We observed abnormalities in brain architecture only in the mTBI1-10 group, characterized by functional hypo-activation in the right frontal pole, smaller frontal pole volume, and lesser fractional anisotropy in the genu of the corpus callosum that extended near the right frontal pole. This frontal region is laterally specialized to regulate function specific to socio-emotional processes. Collectively, neural disruptions and structural insult in mTBI may persist up to 10 years following injury but injury-related pathology may resolve with longer recovery time. Disruption to frontal-dependent function that supports socio-emotional processes may also interfere with cognitive functioning, as in the case of chronic mTBI.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01The student, - Aishwarya, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-13 at 10:13.The student, - Aishwarya, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-04-13 at 10:54.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-04-13 at 11:34.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10736 on 2017-08-10 at 15:05:30Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T20:32:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2017-04-13Embargo set by: Colleen Fallaw for item 102750
Lift date: 2019-08-10T21:27:21Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 102750 on 2019-08-11T09:15:28Z
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