324,136 research outputs found
Medical Ethics, clinical research, and peculiar aspect in nuclear medicine
No full textMedical ethics is the science of survival. It studies the working out of judgments on right or wrong referred to the human being as a biological entity interacting with the whole ecosystem. Medical ethics in clinical research raises numerous moral and technical issues. Methodological aspects are essential for carrying out the aim of clinical research. Medical ethics documents are inspired by the Nuremberg Code and culminate in the recently updated Helsinki Declaration of 1964. In Italy 2 ministerial decrees in 1997 and 1998 laid the basis for the work of a medical ethics committee. They acknowledge the European Good Clinical Practice Guidelines and set professional needs within ethical committees. In clinical research the use of ionising radiation merits special consideration. In the recent past, serious human rights abuses in radiation experiments of the 1950s and 1960s have been found. As regards research in this field we can refer to the publication of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and to the report of the World Health Organi-sation (WHO). Legislative decree no. 187 of May 26, 2000, which transposed the 97/43/ EURATOM Directive represents the most comprehensive and recent normative reference to clinical research using ionising radiation. However, law no. 39 of March 1, 2002 is important for the partial modifications of previous decrees (art. 108 of L.D. no. 230 of March 17, 1995 and, art. 4 and attachment III of L.D. no. 187 of May 26). In this paper medical ethics, research, methodological issues and aspects of ionizing radiation are discussed
APPLICATION OF EXACT RENORMALIZATION GROUP TECHNIQUES TO THE NON-PERTURBATIVE STUDY OF SUPERSYMMETRIC FIELD THEORY
No full textMorphology of the male reproductive system, sperm ultrastructure and γ-irradiation of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliv. (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)
No full textIn the present study we describe the morphology of the male reproductive apparatus and sperm ultrastructure of the red palm weevil - an invasive pest of several palm tree species - as well as the most important steps of spermatogenesis. The reproductive apparatus consists of a pair of testes (each formed by two lobes) a long tube-like accessory gland, a prostate gland and a small accessory gland. Characteristic features of the sperm are 90-100. μm total length, 10. μm nucleus, two mitochondrial derivatives, two accessory bodies, one well-developed puff-like structure and a typical insect 9+9+2 flagellar axoneme. One of the methods used for the biological control of pests is the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), for the evaluation of which we make a preliminary comparison of the sperm ultrastructure of non-irradiated and irradiated weevils (at a dose of 80 Gray). © 2014 Elsevier Ltd
Le politiche di riqualificazione urbana: esperienze europee a confronto
No full textIn questo capitolo sono illustrati dei casi studio che possono essere considerati delle best practices per le iniziative di riquali cazione urbana attuate in Italia. Come vedremo, all’interno di alcuni di questi casi studio, la demolizione e la ricostruzione sono strumenti che hanno potuto manifestarsi a pieno. Mediante la presentazione di questi esempi sarà condotta una ricognizione dei principali modelli di rigenerazione urbana e delle matrici teoriche e politiche sottostanti che assolvono un ruolo fondamentale per agevolare la traduzione in pratica delle iniziative di intervento urbano e garantirne un ef cace impatto sul rafforzamento della competitività delle città. L’ef cacia di queste iniziative sarà valutata rispetto alla capacità di ridurre il problema della marginalizzazione sociale che contrassegna quote crescenti della popolazion
Le politiche di riqualificazione urbana: il dibattito scientifico e i risultati della programmazione europea
No full textcapitolo fornisce un inquadramento delle politiche di rigenerazione urbana che hanno visto come protagoniste le città europee negli ultimi due cicli di programmazione (1999-2006 e 2007-2013).chapter provides an overview of urban regeneration policies that have seen European cities as protagonists in the last two programming cycles (1999-2006 and 2007-2013)
Innovation in the Rural Areas and the Linkage with the Quintuple Helix Model
No full textAbstractIn this paper we analyze some specific conditions for local development. Our interest is oriented towards a multidimensional aspect of peripheral and rural areas. The rural areas considered as a productive system reflects a strong relationship between the agriculture and the other economic activities, In addition eco-systems must be protected and enhanced to develop innovation models that propose new roles and responsibilities for a new development vision. Following the implementation of the Smart Specialization Strategy and the Quintuple Helix Model this paper underlines the importance of connecting the innovation process with rural territories. We have considered some environmental and sectorial indicators for Sicily compared with the rest of Italy, to underline the role of peripheral areas for a new style of competitiveness based on the principles of sustainable development
L'INNOVAZIONE NEI TERRITORI
No full textGiunti all’ultimo anno della Programmazione di Coesione 2007-2013, il presente contributo mira a fare il punto sullo stato di avanzamento degli interventi regionali e nazionali dedicati alla ricerca, all’innovazione e al trasferimento tecnologico con una chiave di lettura che guardi alle novità previste dalla futura programmazione europea caratterizzata dalla ricerca di una maggiore integrazione nell’uso dei Fondi strutturali.
In particolare la strategia per il periodo 2014 – 2020 prevede una attenzione particolare allo sviluppo territoriale (place-based – sollecitata in particolare dalle conclusioni del cosiddetto “Rapporto Barca”)(1), al partenariato sin dalle fasi di pro- gettazione degli interventi(2) e alla Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3)(3), ovvero a una programmazione che parta dalle peculiarità territoriali, dall’esplicitazione non solo dell’offerta ma anche della domanda territoriale (da un modello a Tripla Elica verso un modello a “quattro eliche”) e da una logica innovativa non più legata esclu- sivamente al settore ICT.
Questa prospettiva ha indotto ad approfondire in particolare gli interventi del periodo 2007-2013 dedicati all’evoluzione di reti territoriali, Distretti Tecnologici, Cluster, Poli di eccellenza, Centri o parchi Scientifici o network
Left ventricular diastolic filling alterations in subjects with mitral valve prolapse: a Doppler echocardiographic study
No full textTo assess left ventricular diastolic filling in mitral valve prolapse (MVP), we studied 22 patients with idiopathic MVP and 22 healthy controls matched for sex, age, body surface area and heart rate. A two-dimensional, M-mode and Doppler echocardiographic examination was performed to exclude any cardiac abnormalities. The two groups had similar diastolic and systolic left ventricular volumes, left ventricle mass and ejection fraction. Doppler measurements of mitral inflow were: E and A areas (the components of the total flow velocity-time integral in the early passive period of ventricular filling, E; and the late active period of atrial emptying, A), the peak E and A velocities (cm.s-1), acceleration and deceleration half-times (ms) of early diastolic rapid inflow, acceleration time of early diastolic flow (AT), total diastolic filling time (DFT) (ms), and the deceleration of early diastolic flow (cm.s-2). From these measurements were calculate: peak A/E ratio (A/E), E area/A area, the early filling fraction, the atrial filling fraction, AT/DFT ratio. All the Doppler measurements reported are the average of three cardiac cycles selected at end expiration. The mean peak A velocity, A/E velocity ratio, deceleration half time and atrial filling fraction were each significantly higher for subjects presenting a MVP (60 +/- 12 cm.s-1 vs 49 +/- 14, P < 0.008; 98 +/- 13% vs 64 +/- 12%, P < 0.0001; 120 +/- 36 ms vs 92 +/- 11, P < 0.002; 0.45 +/- 0.14 vs 0.36 +/- 0.08, P < 0.02
A generalised manifestly gauge invariant exact renormalisation group for SU(N) Yang-Mills
No full textWe take the manifestly gauge invariant exact renormalisation group previously used to compute the one-loop ? function in SU(N) Yang–Mills without gauge fixing, and generalise it so that it can be renormalised straightforwardly at any loop order. The diagrammatic computational method is developed to cope with general group theory structures, and new methods are introduced to increase its power, so that much more can be done simply by manipulating diagrams. The new methods allow the standard two-loop ? function coefficient for SU(N) Yang–Mills to be computed, for the first time without fixing the gauge or specifying the details of the regularisation scheme
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