16 research outputs found
Reliability and validity of a new clinical test for assessment of the sacroiliac joint dysfunction
No full text Background: Dysfunctional sacroiliac joint (SIJ) has been cited as a source of low backache (LBA). Numerous non-invasive clinical tests are available for its assessment having poor validity and reliability which challenges their clinical utility. Thus, introduction of a new clinical test may be necessary. Objective: To assess reliability and validity of a new clinical test for the assessment of patients with SIJ movement dysfunction. Methods: Forty-five subjects (23 having LBA of SIJ origin and 22 healthy asymptomatic volunteers) with mean age 28.62 [Formula: see text] 5.26 years were assessed by 2 blinded examiners for 3 different clinical tests of SIJ, including the new test. The obtained values were assessed for reliability by intraclass correlation, kappa coefficient and percentage agreement. Validity was assessed by averaging sensitivity and specificity. Positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were assessed. Results: The new test demonstrates good intra- [Formula: see text] and inter-rater [Formula: see text] reliability with substantial agreement between raters [Formula: see text]. It has 79.9% validity, 82% sensitivity, 77% specificity, 79% positive-predictive, 80% negative-predictive value and accuracy. Conclusion: The new “Shimpi Prone SIJ test” has a good intra- and inter-rater reliability with a substantial rater agreement and a good validity and accuracy for the assessment of patients with SIJ movement dysfunction. </jats:p
Use of art as therapeutic intervention for enhancement of hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study
No full textBackground: Conventional physiotherapy treatment for patients with rheumatoid hand emphasizes on single-plane movements and strengthening exercises directed toward improvement of function and prevention of deformities. This may be nondirective and lacks creativity and hence may predispose to a high attrition from therapy. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of art as a creative therapeutic procedure for enhancement of hand functions, self-perception, and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods: A single-blinded, randomized controlled pilot study was conducted on 17 participants suffering from RA. The control group received conventional physiotherapy while the experimental group received art-based intervention with bimanual projects (viz., origami, paper quelling, clay modeling, and oil painting). Both groups received intervention for 45 min daily for 4 weeks. Pre- and post-interventional assessment was done using grip and pinch strength, Grip Ability Test (GAT), Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test (JHFT), Australian-Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN), Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire (MHQ), and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ).
Results: There was an improvement in hand functions (grip strength [P = 0.042], two-point pinch strength [P = 0.039], three-point pinch strength [P = 0.043], GAT [P = 0.043], JHFT [P = 0.043]), self-perception (AUSCAN [P = 0.043], MHQ [P = 0.043]), and quality of life (HAQ;P = 0.043) in art therapy patients which was similar to conventional therapy patients.
Conclusion: Art is an equally effective therapeutic intervention to conventional therapy for the enhancement of hand functions, self-perception, and quality of life in patients with RA
COMPARISON BETWEEN TENS AND MET FOR REDUCTION IN PAIN AND INCREASE IN RANGE OF HIP INTERNAL ROTATION IN POST- OPERATIVE EXTRA CAPSULAR NECK OF FEMUR FRACTURE PATIENTS
No full textProtection of Trade Secrets in the Era of Digitalization: With Special Reference to Cloud Computing
No full textTrade secrets are vital for the success of any business organizations. It should be obvious that
trade secrets are potentially critical and vulnerable area of IPR, especially in today’s digital world.
Trade Secrets or confidential data protection is a huge concern in cloud computing. That is the
threat against trade secrets as well. Gartner, Inc., a leading information technology research and
advisory firm, defines cloud computing as “a style of computing in which scalable and elastic ITenabled
capabilities are delivered as a service using Internet technologies.”
Third party access is a prime concern of the user, primarily when laws of some countries facilitate
it. User data can be handed over to foreign countries on request with or without the knowledge of
the user. Since the cloud data is in transit, the country through which it passes has the potential to
request such data, according its laws. Even countries are concerned over the lack of privacy of
data in the cloud.
In this paper author has highlighted the trade secrets violations of intellectual property rights in
the context of cloud computing. Author has also tried to justify the importance of protecting trade
secrets from the perspectives of business organizations as well as countries development.</jats:p
Scapular Resting Position and Gleno-Humeral Movement Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Racquet Players: A Case-Control Study
No full textPerception of Body Image to Fat Content in Adolescent Girls and Boys
Get PDFBackground: Adolescents are concerned about their physical appearance during socialization. Adolescents are more self-conscious in this age as puberty causesmany hormonal changestooccur. The aim of this study was to assess the perception of body image to the body fat content in these adolescent girls and boys. Objective was to assess body fat content and BMI and to correlate it with the body perception in this population.Methods: Post ethical approval and written informed consent (assent) from the participants, an assessment of the body fat content was done by using skin-fold caliper and by assessing the BMI of 200 adolescent girls and boys between ages of 13 and 15 years. Perception of body image was assessed by using body shape questionnaire (BSQ), which was correlated to body fat content using Spearman’s correlation coefficient with alpha set as <0.05 at 95% CI.Results: The BSQ scores did not indicate any concern of the body shape (26.89±11) in the studied population. Also their Body fat content (15%±6%) and BMI (19.9±3.6) was within the healthy fitness zone. There was a weak positive correlation between the BSQ score and body fat as measured by skin-fold caliper (r=0.182, p=0.010) and also by BMI measurements (r=0.183, p=0.009).Conclusion: There is a normal perception of the body image and normal fat content present in the adolescent population, which has a weak correlation to the actual presence of body fat within them
Suryanamaskar: An equivalent approach towards management of physical fitness in obese females
No full textBackground: In India, obesity is highly prevalent in women as compared to men. As the obesity epidemic spreads, there are growing concerns about efficient obesity management.
Aims: To compare between circuit training (CT), treadmill (TM) walking and suryanamaskar (SN) training in weight management and physical fitness enhancement in obese females.
Settings and Designs: Comparative controlled study conducted in a community setting.
Materials and Methods: 119 females of age between 20 and 40 years of body mass index (BMI) between 25.1 and 34.9 kg/m 2 . 87 participants completed the study. Group 1: CT; group 2: TM walking; group 3: Modified SN; group 4: Control. Outcome Measures: Body composition, cardio-respiratory and muscle endurance, flexibility.
Statistical Analysis : Within-group data was analyzed with the paired t-test. P =0.05. Analysis between the groups was done using one way ANOVA test. Analysis between the groups was done using ANCOVA test controlling for baseline differences only for those variables that have significant differences at baseline. For those which do not have significant difference at baseline, RMANOVA was done at end of 8 weeks.
Results: Reducation in mean body weight in CT group (2.2%), TM (1.7%) and SN (1.6%), (P < 0.05), BMI in all the three groups (P < 0.01), total body fat % in the CT (5%) and SN (3.7%), (P < 0.01), metabolic age with CT (2%) and TM (2%), (P = 0.001). Improvement in muscle mass in CT (4%, P = 0.009), VO 2max in CT group by 17.2%, SN (14%), TM group (8%) (P < 0.05). Upper limb Muscle endurance in CT (51.3%), SN group (51.24%) and in TM group (40%), (P = 0.05), in lower limb TM (21.2%) and SN (24.5%) (P = 0.05), flexibility in SN (12.4%, P = 0.0001).
Conclusions: All three methods were effective in weight and physical fitness management. CT and SN were more effective in improving cardio-respiratory fitness and upper limb muscle endurance while only SN was effective in improving body flexibility
Corporate insurance design with multiple risks and moral hazard
Get PDFThe paper provides novel insights on the effect of a firm’s risk management objective on the optimal design of risk transfer instruments. I analyze the interrelation between the structure of the optimal insurance contract and the firm’s objective to minimize the required equity it has to hold to accommodate losses in the presence of multiple risks and moral hazard. In contrast to the case of risk aversion and moral hazard, the optimal insurance contract involves a joint deductible on aggregate losses in the present setting
From risk management to ERM
Get PDFAt one point in time, there was self-insurance. Then came risk management. Now comes the era of enterprise risk management(ERM). Traditional risk management will always be necessary, but ERM will complement existing risk activities by extending the field to cover all core risks as well as emerging and strategic opportunities, because without taking risks, organisations gain no value. This paper will present the main elements of an ERM framework and characteristics of different types of ERM.ERM, CRO, risk management, risk designation, risk framework, risk system, risk culture, governance, risk intelligence, risk capital, GIR
Passivation studies on Cd0.6Zn0.4Te films using CdCl2, MgCl2 and ZnCl2 for top cell application in a multijunction solar cell
Get PDF2018 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.Passivation treatment with the chloride compounds is an important step in the fabrication of II-VI solar cells for improving the device performance. In cadmium telluride solar cells, cadmium chloride passivation treatment incorporates chlorine along the grain boundaries and helps in recrystallization, grain growth, removal of stacking faults and doping grain boundaries as n-type. In cadmium zinc telluride solar cells, the retention of zinc after the cadmium chloride passivation treatment is one of the challenges incurred in fabricating the top cell in a multijunction solar cell. During the passivation treatment, the loss of zinc occurs in the form of volatile zinc chloride compound. The depletion or complete loss of zinc reduces the higher band gap ternary alloy into lower band gap binary compound of CdTe. This impedes the purpose of fabricating a high band gap top cell in a multijunction solar cell. The focus of this study is on passivating Cd0.6Zn0.4Te (CdZnTe) films using three different chloride compounds separately and understanding the effects by studying the material properties of the passivated films and electrical performance of the fabricated devices. In the preliminary experiments, CdZnTe films were deposited by RF sputtering from a single target. Initial characterization of CdZnTe films deposited on plain glass indicated that the films had a strong preferred orientation along {111} plane with a band gap of ~1.72eV. In the cadmium chloride passivation treatment, loss of zinc from the surface and no chlorine along the grain boundaries was observed from transmission electron microscope images and X ray diffraction measurements. No loss of zinc was observed after the magnesium chloride and zinc chloride passivation treatments. Increase in the grain size of the CdZnTe films after magnesium chloride treatment and decrease of the preferred orientation after zinc chloride treatment were the benefits of the individual passivation treatments. Modifying the test structure by adding a cadmium telluride film as a capping layer on the back of RF sputtered CdZnTe and then carrying out the cadmium chloride passivation treatment helped in retaining the zinc. Heavy diffusion of zinc into cadmium sulphide due to cadmium telluride deposition at high temperature and difficulty to isolate the photo current generated by cadmium telluride were few drawbacks of this test structure. Based on the insights gained from the preliminary experiments, two sets of experiments were conducted. In the first set, cadmium sulphide cap as a barrier was deposited on the back of RF sputtered CdZnTe and co-sublimated cadmium telluride and zinc films with a band gap of 1.72 eV. The bulk composition was maintained after the cadmium chloride passivation treatment in the films deposited by both the methods. However the device performance of co-sublimated films was better than the RF sputtered CdZnTe devices. The transmission electron image obtained from the cross section of co-sublimated film fitted with cadmium sulphide cap and then treated with cadmium chloride showed presence of chlorine along the grain boundaries. The zinc chloride passivation treatments with higher substrate temperature compared to the source were the second set of experiments. The zinc loss from RF sputtered CdZnTe films after the cadmium chloride treatment did not occur. The fabricated devices exhibited diode like behavior. The images under scanning electron microscopy showed that the grain size did not increase after the zinc chloride treatment
