1,721,204 research outputs found

    Streptococcus macedonicus in Provolone del Monaco: non un ospite occasionale

    No full text
    L'evoluzione della microflora lattica durante la lavorazione e la stagionatura di formaggio Provolone del Monaco è stata monitorata applicando un approccio polifasico. Accanto alla metodologia convenzionale, basata sull'isolamento e l'identificazione genotipica delle colture, è stata impiegata l'analisi PCR-DGGE per la separazione elettroforetica di ampliconi V6-V8 e V3 dell'rDNA 16S ottenuti sia da DNA estratto direttamente dai campioni – metodica “culture-independent” - che da DNA estratto da bulk cellulari da piastre dei sei substrati di conta, ovvero M17 agar dopo incubazione a 30 e a 40°C, Slanetz & Bartley, Rogosa, MRS addizionato di vancomicina e Isolini agar. Dall'identificazione di 289 ceppi è emerso che la specie Streptococcus macedonicus è la più largamente rappresentata (24%) seguita da Lactobacillus rhamnosus (18%) e Streptococcus thermophilus (17%). La distribuzione speciografica e la dominanza di ceppi afferenti al genere Streptococcus sono state altresì suffragate da entrambi gli approcci basati sull'analisi PCR-DGGE.Tutti i ceppi appartenenti al genere Streptococcus, per un totale di 134, sono stati biotipizzati a mezzo RAPD-PCR e caratterizzati mediante saggi biochimici di interesse tecnologico. In particolare sono stati valutati il potere acidificante, la capacità di fermentare del galattosio, l'attività proteolitica e lipolitica, nonché la capacità di produrre ammine piogene ed esopolisaccaridi.Dal confronto dei risultati ottenuti per ceppi delle due specie emerge che è comunque Streptococcus thermophilus ad esprimere maggiormente i caratteri abitualmente adoperati per la selezione di colture starter in ambiente lattiero-caseario, mentre resta da definire il potenziale ruolo di Streptococcus macedonicus nell'ecosistema Provolone del Monaco

    Variability in chemical and microbiological profiles of long-ripened Caciocavallo cheeses

    No full text
    Five protected designation of origin (PDO) Caciocavallo Silano and 6 non-PDO Caciocavallo cheeses, ripened for 6mo and collected in the 5 Italian regions of the PDO area (Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, and Molise, Italy), were studied to assess their physico-chemical (pH, acidity, moisture, fat, ash, protein, and free amino acid composition) and microbiological profiles. Analyses evidenced a certain fluctuation of previous parameters among samples regardless of the kind of cheese evaluated (PDO and non-PDO). The PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis performed on the DNA directly extracted from cheeses gave different results, but a low number of bands was always observed. Only one band, corresponding to the species Streptococcus thermophilus, was detectable in 1 PDO and in 2 non-PDO cheese samples, whose free amino acid content was the lowest. Analyses were repeated on experimental Caciocavallo cheeses. Specifically, 2 productions were made, one mimicking the industrial technology (pasteurized milk and selected starter culture) and one the artisanal technology (raw milk and natural whey starter). Results obtained on experimental cheeses at 6mo of ripening showed that industrial samples had lower amounts of total free amino acids then the artisanal ones (1,188.2 vs. 7,523.67mg/100 g of dry matter). Moreover, the PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis evidenced the sole presence of S. thermophilus in the case of the industrial technology. These data sustain the hypothesis that, out of 11 cheeses analyzed previously, 1 PDO Caciocavallo Silano and 2 non-PDO Caciocavallo cheeses were obtained with the industrial technology. These results could be of help in the discrimination of PDO products, taking into account that the PDO production regulation does not allow the milk pasteurization, nor the use of selected starters

    Identification and technological characterization of yeast strains isolated from samples of Water Buffalo Mozzarella cheese

    No full text
    Sixty yeast cultures were isolated from samples of Water Buffalo Mozzarella, a popular ‘pasta filata’ cheese, coming from sixteen farms located in the provinces of Salerno, Caserta and Frosinone (Italy). Strains were identified by means of 5.8 S-ITS rDNA PCR-RFLP combined with 26S rRNA gene partial sequencing and characterized for their ability to exert biochemical properties of technological interest. In agreement with current studies, the recorded dominance of fermenting yeasts, such as the lactose-fermenting Kluyveromyces marxianus (38.3% of the total isolates) and the galactose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae (21.6% of the total isolates) suggests that these yeasts contribute to the organoleptic definition of the product. The speciografic analysis revealed the presence of seven other species, rarely or never reported in a dairy environment, belonging to the genera Pichia and Candida, whose role in Mozzarella cheese organoleptology need to be further investigated
    corecore