1,721,102 research outputs found
Dermoscopy for venereologists: an update on patterns of tumors, inflammatory and infectious diseases of the genitalia, and tips for differential diagnosis
Full text linkIntroduction: Dermoscopy is an integrative part of clinical dermatologic examination. For clinicians mainly dealing with genital dermatoses and other venereal diseases, the differential diagnosis includes a broad spectrum of neoplastic, inflammatory, and infectious entities. Dermoscopy might have a valuable role to enhance the clinical differential diagnosis and help avoid some biopsies done for diagnostic purposes. Although the dermoscopic patterns of most tumors and inflammatory diseases of the trunk/face have been described, their manifestations on genital areas are less elucidated. We aimed to provide a succinct summary of existing data on dermoscopy of dermatologic diseases on genital areas. Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed using the terms dermoscopy OR dermatoscopy OR videodermoscopy OR video dermoscopy AND genital. All studies reporting on dermoscopic findings of at least one case of a dermatologic disease on genital areas were included in the review. Unless otherwise indicated, ×10 was the magnification used in the reported studies. The main outcome was to describe the dermoscopic feature of each disease. Results: A total of 31 articles were identified and analyzed. They included single case reports and case series. The described entities were categorized into anatomical variants, vascular and lymphatic lesions, tumors, inflammatory disorders, and infectious conditions. Conclusion: In diseases of the genital area, dermoscopic findings can be highly diagnostic and might establish a confident diagnosis. Limitation is that most of the criteria are based on case series, and few of them have been validated
Dermoscopy of chronic superficial scaly dermatitis (small-plaque parapsoriasis): a controlled comparative morphological study
No full textFolliculitis-Decalvans Like Alopecia During Treatment with EGFR Inhibitors for Lung Cancer: A Case Series of 6 Patients
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The light and the dark of dermatoscopy in the early diagnosis of melanoma: Facts and controversies
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Persistent Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Treated With Low Dose Oral Minoxidil: A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series of 15 Patients
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Seven Plus One Steps to Assess Pigmented Nail Bands (Melanonychia Striata Longitudinalis)
No full textMelanonychia striata longitudinalis might involve one or more fingers and/or toes and might result from several different causes, including benign and malignant tumors, trauma, infections, and activation of melanocytes that might be reactive or related to the pigmentary trait, drugs and some rare syndromes. This broad differential diagnosis renders the clinical assessment of melanonychia striata particularly challenging. Nail matrix melanoma is relatively rare, occurs almost always in adults involves more frequently the first toe or thumb. The most common nail unit cancer, squamous cell carcinoma / Bowen disease (SCC) of the nail matrix is seldom pigmented. Histopathologic examination remains the gold standard for melanoma and SCC diagnosis, but excisional or partial biopsies from the nail matrix require training and is not routinely performed by the majority of clinicians. Furthermore, the histopathologic evaluation of melanocytic lesions of the nail matrix is particularly challenging, since early melanoma has only bland histopathologic alterations. Dermatoscopy of the nail plate and its free edge significantly improves the clinical diagnosis, since specific patterns have been associated to each one of the causes of melanonychia. Based on knowledge generated and published in the last decades, we propose herein a stepwise diagnostic approach for melanonychia striata longitudinalis: 1) Hemorrhage first 2) Age matters 3) Number of nails matters 4) Free edge matters 5) Brown or gray? 6) Size matters 7) Regular or irregular and, finally, “follow back”
The dermoscopic inverse approach significantly improves the accuracy of human readers for lentigo maligna diagnosis
No full textBackground: A recently introduced dermoscopic method for the diagnosis of early lentigo maligna (LM) is based on the absence of prevalent patterns of pigmented actinic keratosis and solar lentigo/flat seborrheic keratosis. We term this the inverse approach. Objective: To determine whether training on the inverse approach increases the diagnostic accuracy of readers compared to classic pattern analysis. Methods: We used clinical and dermoscopic images of histopathologically diagnosed LMs, pigmented actinic keratoses, and solar lentigo/flat seborrheic keratoses. Participants in a dermoscopy masterclass classified the lesions at baseline and after training on pattern analysis and the inverse approach. We compared their diagnostic performance among the 3 timepoints and to that of a trained convolutional neural network. Results: The mean sensitivity for LM without training was 51.5%; after training on pattern analysis, it increased to 56.7%; and after learning the inverse approach, it increased to 83.6%. The mean proportions of correct answers at the 3 timepoints were 62.1%, 65.5, and 78.5%. The percentages of readers outperforming the convolutional neural network were 6.4%, 15.4%, and 53.9%, respectively. Limitations: The experimental setting and the inclusion of histopathologically diagnosed lesions only. Conclusions: The inverse approach, added to the classic pattern analysis, significantly improves the sensitivity of human readers for early LM diagnosis
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