229 research outputs found
Transcriptome sequencing of rice leaves with blast symptoms collected from rice fields of Italy in 2017 and release of raw sequence data on OpenRiceBlast website for open access
No full textInfected rice samples were collected by Anna Maria Picco and team, and sent to the Sainsbury Laboratory for RNA extraction and sequencing. Library preparation and RNA-Seq sequencing runs were performed by Genewiz using Illumina HiSeq-2500 machines to produce paired-end reads with ~300 bp average insert size. Here we report the release of these data to general public with open access on OpenRiceBlast website.</div
Presence in the atmosphere vine and and tomato pathogens
No full textIn nature fungi, together with oomycota and bacteria, play an important role in the degradation of organic substances. A small group of fungi is responsible for mycosis in man and animals. A larger group made up of different fungal taxa are particularly harmful to crops. The study of agricultural fungal phytopathologies is more difficult in that many taxa are characterized by a high degree of nutritional specialization. The identification in the field of the diseases caused by these taxa takes place often too late and not always are they controllable at a specific stage of their evolution. Since the majority of fungal spores is airborne and consequently present in various concentrations at different altitudes in the atmosphere, it is possible to monitor them and sometimes identify the fungus by sampling the air with a volumetric spore trap. Its diagnostic use has allowed to sample Plasmopara sporangia and obtain their concentration/m 3 in the air of a vineyard. Similar results have been obtained in tomato fields, with the identification of Phytophthora sporangia, the presence of which has been correlated to the meteorological data of the trial period. Field monitoring also offers the possibility of evaluating the presence of fungi such as the genera Botrytis, Oidium, Alternaria, Pyricularia, Fusarium and Stemphylium which damage crops
Airborne fungi as biocontaminants at two Milan underground stations.
No full textThe viable or culturable air spora of two Milan underground stations and of the squares above has been investigated during a one-year study. Aerobiological data were collected by semi-quantitative method. Outdoor results show the presence of four dominant genera, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Epicoccum and Alternaria, whose presence varied throughout the year. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated in Duomo Square. Indoor sampling shows to what extent the mycoflora of an indoor environment can depend both on the fungal spora coming from outside and the capacity of the fungi to colonize the different sublayers found indoors
Flora fungina associata a riso 'Crodo' (Oryza sativa L. VAR. silvatica Chiappelli) in provincia di Pavia.
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Assessments of Indoor Fungi in Selected Wineries of Oltrepo Pavese (Northern Italy) and Sottoceneri (Switzerland).
No full textThe aim of this work was to evaluate the fungal populations of some environments dedicated to the fermentation, storage, and bottling of wine. Air samples of six wineries, three family-run and three industrial, located in Oltrepo Pavese (northern Italy) and Sottoceneri (Switzerland), were collected on a monthly basis for nine months. In addition to total fungal counts, the fungal taxa of air, walls, and barrel samples were determined. The indoor air fungal contamination was, in general, greater than that of outdoor samples, and fungal count fluctuations depended upon type of monitored environment. The highest fungal counts were observed in the bottling areas of industrial producers and the fermentation areas of family-run wineries. A total of 43 taxa, representing 19 genera and 36 species, were isolated from the indoor environments. Some potential wine contaminant species (Aspergillus niger A. ochraceus, A. terreus, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. citreonigrum, P. crustosum, and P. viridicatum) and some potential allergenic species for winery workers (principally Cladosporium cladosporioides, Alternaria alternata, and A. niger) were detected. The information obtained from quantitative and qualitative analyses of fungi can be a useful tool for controlling indoor air quality. The constant presence of some fungal taxa may be hazardous to human health and may potentially contaminate wines
Different Experiences in Monitoring Fungal Bioaerosol in Northern Italy
No full textAeromycology is a scientific discipline focused on the origin, release, transport and surface impact of airborne fungi in both outdoor and indoor environments. In the last few years it has deserved increasing interest not only for aerobiologists and related scientists, but also for professionals working in fields such as medicine, public health, industrial and environmental hygiene, biological sciences, agriculture, environmental science and cultural heritage. Our experience in Aeromycology focuses both on the outdoor environment, monitoring plant pathogens to provide farmers with an early warning of the risk of infection, and indoor environments for biomedical implications. Some of our experiences concerning researches carried out in different crops (rice and tomato fields, vineyard) and in greenhouses, scholastic sport environments and wineries in Northern Italy are reported here. The results obtained confirm that the outdoor atmosphere is influenced by climatic conditions and, subsequently by vegetation; airborne fungal counts and types may vary over different areas depending on vegetation type, weather conditions and geographical region. In our experience the results obtained showed that in general the same taxa were dominant in both indoor and outdoor air, thus confirming that indoor air is influenced by outdoor air. Moreover, the indoor characteristics and, first of all, the availability of colonisable substrates, (presence of surface with adequate nutritional substrates, materials or everything inside) can influence the nature of fungal bioaerosol
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