368 research outputs found
Reconciliation, forgiveness and violence in Africa : biblical, pastoral and ethical perspectives
No full textCITATION: Nel, M. J., Forster, D. A. & Thesnaar, C. H. (eds.) 2020. Reconciliation, forgiveness and violence in Africa : biblical, pastoral and ethical perspectives. Stellenbosch: SUN PReSS, doi:10.18820/9781928480532.The original publication is available from AFRICAN SUNMeDIA - www.sun-e-shop.co.zaBOOK BLURB: What might reconciliation and forgiveness mean in relation to various forms of personal, structural, and historical violence across the African continent? This volume of essays seeks to engage these complex, and contested, ethical issues from three different disciplinary perspectives – Biblical Studies, Systematic Theology and Practical Theology. Each of the authors reflects on aspects of reconciliation, forgiveness and violence from within their respective African contexts. They do so by employing the tools and resources of their respective disciplines. The end result is a rich and textured set of interdisciplinary theological insights that will help the reader to navigate these issues with a greater measure of understanding and a broader perspective than what a single approach might offer. What is particularly encouraging is that the chapters represent research from established scholars in their fields, recent PhD graduates, and current PhD students. This is the first book to be published under the auspices of the Unit for Reconciliation and Justice in the Beyers Naudé Centre for Public Theology.Introduction / Marius J. Nel, Dion A. Forster & Christo H. Thesnaar; 1. Matthew's Reconfiguring of Salvation in a Context of Oppression / Marius J. Nel; 2. Conquering Evil: Engaging Violence from the Perspective of Paul’s Letter to the Romans / Endale Sebsebe Mekonnen; 3. The Reconciliation of Lepers in Luke 5:12-15 and its Implications for Human Dignity: An African Perspective / Godwin Etukumana; 4. Towards an (Im)possible Politics of Forgiveness? Considering the Complexities of Religion, Race and Politics in South Africa / Dion A Forster; 5. Jesus within the Genres of the Human: Sylvia Wynter, African Philosophy, and Post-Colonial Conceptions of the Not Nonviolent Resistance of Jesus / Alease Brown; 6. Lessons From Mr. Noki: Empire, Structural Violence and the Missio Dei / Jaco Botha; 7. Transferring Frozen Conflict to Future Generations: In Search of a Contextual Pastoral Approach / CH Thesnaar; 8. Reconciliation in Burundi Crisis: A Practical Theological Approach / Benaya Niyukuri; 9. The Praxis of Reconciliation Among Religious Groups in Northern Nigeria: A Pastoral Care Approach ./ Oholiabs D Tuduks; 10. Transforming (Christian) Apartheid / Wilhelm VerwoerdPublisher's versio
Traveller community and health practitioner stories of self and each other: a poststructural narrative analysis
No full textResearch attention to Gypsy and Traveller health has grown in recent decades and
highlights significant inequalities in health and access to services experienced by
these groups. Existing work in this area tends to prioritise consideration of how
Gypsies and Travellers speak from a position of belonging to their particular ethnic
or cultural group, often producing fixed and universal claims about the health beliefs
and experiences of Traveller Communities. Little research explores the social
production of Gypsy and Traveller health identities, or how ethnicity may intersect
with wider identity positions in Traveller Community accounts of health. In addition,
health practitioner and Traveller Community accounts have rarely been considered
alongside one another, and the ways health practitioners construct identities in
relation to their work with Traveller Communities has largely evaded the gaze of
health and sociological research.
This thesis sought to contribute to understanding of these areas. It examined the
identity positions Traveller Community members and health practitioners project for
themselves and each other, and where these identities collide or coalesce in stories
of health interactions. Poststructuralist informed narrative inquiry guided interviews
with Romany Gypsies, Irish Travellers and health practitioners working with these
groups. This approach was chosen for its view of identity as multiple and shifting,
and as it enables concurrent attention to both the discourses governing possibilities
for talk about Traveller Community health, and how actors work within these
constraints to give accounts of themselves.
An analysis of participant narratives reveals two overarching areas of potential
concordance or dissonance in the identity positions claimed by health practitioners
and Traveller Community members. The first contrasts the ‘body work’ practitioners
undertook to downplay ‘professional’ identity and position themselves as close to
community members, with Gypsy and Traveller requests for greater access to
professional advice and medical screening. The second concerns divergence in the
extent to which Traveller Communities were presented, and presented themselves,
as future-oriented in relation to their health. Drawing on poststructuralist theory, I
argue that representations of Gypsy and Traveller orientations to time and space are
central in the positioning of these groups as compliant or resistant to health advice,
and to understanding relations of power and resistance in health interactions. The
thesis generates insights for communication between health workers and Traveller
Community members, suggesting a need for attention not only to cultural or
structural barriers, but reflection on how practice is influenced by the stories we tell
about Traveller Communities, the identities practitioners claim for themselves in
relation to their work with ‘disadvantaged’ groups, and the interests these serve
Electron transfer in two and three dimensions
No full textA number of osmium bipyndyl complexes have been synthesised and characterised using spectroscopic, chromatographic and electrochemical techniques. The complexes formed are [Os(bpy)2 4-tet C1]C104, [Os(bpy)2 4-bpt C1]PF6 and [Os(bpy)2 Cl 4-bpt Os(bpy) 2 C1](PF6)2, where bpy is 2 ,2 ’-bipyridyl, 4-tet is 3,6-bis(4-pyndyl)-l,2,455-tetrazine and 4- bpt is 3,5-bis(pyridin-4-yl)-l,2,4-tnazole Monolayers of [Os(bpy) 2 4-tet C1]C1 0 4 have been formed by spontaneous adsorption onto clean gold microelectrodes. The tetrazine bridge between the [Os(bpy)2Cl]+ head group and the metal electrode surface undergoes a reversible protonation/deprotonation reaction depending on the pH of the contacting electrolyte solution High speed cyclic voltammetry reveals that the redox switching mechanism is best described as a non-adiabatic, through-bond tunnelling mechanism Significantly, while protonating the bridging ligand does not influence the free energy of activation, 10 3±1 1 kJ mol *, k° decreases by 1 order of magnitude from 1 1 x 104 s 1 to 1 2 x 103 s 1 upon going from a deprotonated to a protonated bridge. These observations are interpreted in terms of a through-bond tunnelling mechanism m which protonation decreases the electron density on the bridge and reduces the strength of electronic coupling between the redox centre and the electrode.
Solid deposits of the dimeric complex [Os(bpy) 2 Cl 4-bpt Os(bpy)2 C1](PF6)2 have been deposited on platinum microelectrodes by mechanical attachment. The electrochemical response exhibited by these deposits is unusually ideal over a wide range of electrolyte compositions and pH values Dct, the charge transport diffusion coefficient, is independent of the electrolyte concentration, indicating that electron self-exchange between adjacent redox centres limits the overall rate of charge transport through the solid In 1 0 M L1CIO4 and 1 0 M HCIO4, Dct values are 2 0±0 lxlO10 and 1 7±0 4x10 10 cm2 s corresponding to second order electron transfer rate constants of 18 x l07 and 3xl07 M 1 s 1. The standard rate of heterogeneous electron transfer across the electrode/deposit interface is 1 08+0 05x10 cm s. This value is approximately one order of magnitude lower than that found for a similar monomeric complex in which the bridging ligand is attached directly to the electrode surface, indicating that the 4-bpt ligand does not promote strong electronic communication between the [Os(bpy)2CI]+ head group and the electrode surface.
Monolayers of [Os(bpy)2 4-bptCl]PF6 have been formed by spontaneous adsorption onto platinum microelectrodes. These monolayers are extremely stable under a wide range of electrolyte compositions and pH values Significantly, the 4-bpt ligand is capable of undergoing a protonation/deprotonation reaction depending on the pH of the contacting electrolyte solution. High speed chronoamperometry reveals that protonation of the 4-bpt bridging ligand causes the standard rate of heterogeneous electron transfer to decrease by at least an order of magnitude from 2 67 x 106 to 4 5 x 104 s' 1 for the oxidation process and from 1 60 x 106 to 1 9 x 105 for the reduction process Consistent with a superexchange mechanism, these observation are interpreted in terms of a hole superexchange process, the rate of which decreases with increasing energy gap between the osmium metal dn orbitals and the highest occupied molecular orbital of the bridge
The Image of Italy and Italians in the works by E. M. Forster and Henry James
No full textFor my diploma thesis, I decided to choose "The Image of Italy and Italians in the Works by E. M. Forster and Henry James." I selected this topic because my attitude towards Italy is very positive and also because it seems to me interesting to compare in what way the depiction of Italy and its inhabitants is different and in what way similar at these authors. In the introductory part of my thesis, I describe the role of Italy in the course of history. I mention the significance of this country and also its influence on people who visited it. I explain the important function of Italy during the "travel for improvement" that was a part of young English men´s education first of all in 18th century and that was called the "Grand Tour." I also point out the fact that various Italian towns were perceived in a different way. Prejudices and stereotypes played an important role in the perception of Italy, which I mention at the beginning of my thesis as well. Later on, I explain why the authors including Forster and James set the plots of their works in Italy. I present particular Forster´s and James´s works on this topic and I summarize the most important aspects of their use of Italian setting and characters. The comparison of the representation of Italy and Italians in the works of these authors is the goal of my thesis. At first, I deal in my thesis with E. M. Forster´s relation to Italy and with his works on the Italian topic. I focus on the roles and functions of Italy and on the Italian characters in these works that I subsequently compare. I use the same process at H. James. I similarly describe at first his attitude towards Italy and after that his works, the plot of which is situated in Italy or in which there are some Italian characters. I compare these works once again with the focus on author´s depiction of Italy and its inhabitants. In next part of my thesis, I compare the mentioned works of both authors. I pay attention to the Italian setting and to the presented art, then to the role of Italy in both authors´ works, to similarities and differences of Italian characters, to cultural prejudices, stereotypes and xenophobia in the works, and I also describe to what extent E. M. Forster was inspired by H. James´s works, during which I draw on Forster´s critical work Aspects of the Novel. I confront the information with some critical texts of other authors, as for example with an article by Kevin J. H. Dettmar and a review by Edmund White. At the end of my thesis I analyse film adaptations of Forster´s and James´s works with the Italian topic and I put them in contrast with the original sources, on the grounds of which they were made. I observe during these analyses the similarities and differences in the depiction of Italians and Italy
The modernist angel: Art at the Limits of the Human in D. H. Lawrence, H. D. and Mina Loy
No full textPhDThe subject of this thesis is a figure that might provisionally be called the *modemist
angel'. Focusing on modernist literature, and more particularly on the work of D. H.
Lawrence, H. D. and Mina Loy, it aims to isolate from the many angels found in all periods
and all types of art a historically specific and intellectually coherent paradigm: an angel of
and for its modernist times. A figure of precisely this type could be said to exist in the
form of Walter Benjamin's 'angel of history'. Critics who address the question of the
modern angel in texts by Franz Kafka and Rainer Maria Rilke often do so in conjunction
with the problem posed by the angel of history. Beginning with a chapter on Benjamin,
this thesis nevertheless follows a different trajectory. Over five chapters, it explores a
modernist landscape formed not only by Lawrence, H. D. and Loy, but also by European
and American writers such as A. R. Orage, Allen Upward, Ezra Pound, Wallace Stevens,
Havelock Ellis, Edward Carpenter, Sigmund Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche. Although the
angel that emerges from this investigation might, in some respects, be said to anticipate
Benjamin's later version, this figure is also very different, standing for a project that is
distinctively, and recognisably, modernist in nature. He/she (the sex of the modernist
angel is often open to question) represents an attempt to reconcile the divine
responsibilities of the artist with the material and gendered conditions of being,
specifically of being human, in the modem world. This thesis looks again at the clash of
intellectual paradigms in the early-twentieth century - notably, the confrontation of the
Romantic view of art as a superhuman or sacred undertaking with the psychoanalytical or
evolutionary idea that all human endeavour is underpinned by sub-human motives - and
suggests the angel as a new and instructive figure through which to think the perilous
limits between the human and the divine in modernist literature
Use of domesticated pigs by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in northwestern Europe
No full textAcknowledgements We thank the Archaeological State Museum Schleswig-Holstein, the Archaeological State Offices of Brandenburg, Lower Saxony and Saxony and the following individuals who provided sample material: Betty Arndt, Jo¨rg Ewersen, Frederick Feulner, Susanne Hanik, Ru¨diger Krause, Jochen Reinhard, Uwe Reuter, Karl-Heinz Ro¨hrig, Maguerita Scha¨fer, Jo¨rg Schibler, Reinhold Schoon, Regina Smolnik, Thomas Terberger and Ingrid Ulbricht. We are grateful to Ulrich Schmo¨lcke, Michael Forster, Peter Forster and Aikaterini Glykou for their support and comments on the manuscript. We also thank many institutions and individuals that provided sample material and access to collections, especially the curators of the Museum fu¨r Naturkunde, Berlin; Muse´um National d0 Histoire Naturelle, Paris; Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C.; Zoologische Staatssammlung, Mu¨nchen; Museum fu¨r Haustierkunde, Halle; the American Museum of Natural History, New-York. This work was funded by the Graduate School ‘Human Development in Landscapes’ at Kiel University (CAU) and supported by NERC project Grant NE/F003382/1. Radiocarbon dating was carried out at the Leibniz Laboratory, CAU. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.Peer reviewe
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Oriental enlightenment: the problematic military experiences and cultural claims of Count Maurice Auguste comte de Benyowsky in Formosa during 1771
No full textMaurice Benyowsky's colourful version of his global adventures during the heady, expansive days of the late-Enlightenment remains still as an historical account, and is perhaps destined for reification at a time of romantic, postmodernist cultural affirmation. Yet this paper argues that within it there lies a virile and possibly dangerous Orientalism, one at least partially based upon a lurid, opportunistic and self-seeking fabrication of his visit to Taiwan (Formosa) in the year 1771. This paper examines the veracity, provenance and historiography of the Benyowsky account of late-eighteenth century Formosa, both as an exercise in one facet of Taiwanese history and as some exploration of the origin and maintenance of European views of the "other" and of the "orient" as they were transforming during the late-Enlightenment period. Furthermore a principal task is to provide an historiographical analysis that illustrates both the initial reasons for the acceptance of Benyowsky's lurid account as well as the wider contexts of its long life as a seemingly reliable and authentic tale. Questions remain as to the cultural contexts of any general acceptance of otherwise doubtful stories, experiments, claims and "adventures". Here there is little doubt that the original Memoirs were given greater credence by Benyowsky's talent in self-fashioning his character and status as those of a reliable gentleman
From lab to field to farm: Applying behavioral science insights to agri-environmental programs
No full textThis article was originally published in Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/00224561.2025.2459580.
© 2025 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with
their consent.Experimentation in environmental policy is often lacking because of an assumption that scientific research stops when implementation starts. However, researchers and policymakers increasingly recognize that environmental policy would benefit greatly from a more robust culture of experimentation and innovation, as has begun to develop in the areas of health and education policy (Ferraro et al. Citation2023). In the context of achieving agri-environmental policy goals, trialing new management programs is critical to generating measurable improvements that have remained elusive for decades. For example, the recent Comprehensive Evaluation of System Response (CESR) report for the Chesapeake Bay recommends more widespread use of policy implementation trials or “sandboxing” to test and evaluate the efficacy of new program rules and approaches in the face of insufficient progress on achieving Chesapeake Bay goals (Stac Citation2023).
In this article, we apply insights gained from behavioral economic experiments in the lab and field to a policy implementation trial at a multifarm scale. Approaches for forming and incentivizing the policy trial are motivated by behavioral science results, such as those that demonstrate the benefits of pay-for-performance incentive structures (Schilizzi Citation2017), incentives for spatial coordination (Banerjee et al. Citation2021; Kuhfuss et al. Citation2016), information framing in terms of social norms and peer comparisons (Allcott Citation2011; Fleming, Palm-Forster, and Kelley Citation2021; Palm-Forster et al. Citation2022), and the necessity of building trust for stakeholder-engaged resource management (Ostrom Citation2010).
In what follows, we describe resource councils as a form of stakeholder organization conducive to policy implementation trials. Then we illustrate the formation of a particular resource council in the Chesapeake Bay watershed in south-central Pennsylvania tasked with the goal of reducing streambank sediment pollution. We describe how insights from behavioral and experimental economics are applied to create incentives and supply information to allow the council to meet a shared environmental goal. Finally, we present key outcomes from the first year of the council’s work and discuss lessons learned from this approach
James Edward Smith, Hall Place, [Berkshire] to Pleasance Smith
No full textHis journey from Oxford to Hall Place. His time in London, including seeing [Thomas] Forster, Mr and Mrs Lee, Mrs Barbauld, the Aikins, including Lucy Aikin [(1781-1864), historical writer], whose poem on women is "very admirable"; Mr Thomson of Russell Square, now a master in Chancery; attended a party at Mrs Weddell's with the C Scotts, meeting Mrs [Amelia] Opie [(1769-1853), author], the Rudges, Wilbrahams, Mr and Mrs Frere, and Sir H Englefield. Proposed to the Dilettanti club by Lord Borringdon; intends to join. Oppressive weather in London. Lord Erskine has called on him twice to consult about willows, recommended by William Smith. His "Hafod Tour"; payment and gifting of copies. Intends to dedicate his "Lapland Tour" to Thomas Forster of Clapton, [Essex].
[Letter incomplete: second folio cropped, presumed destroyed
James Edward Smith, Hall Place, [Berkshire] to Pleasance Smith
No full textHis journey from Oxford to Hall Place. His time in London, including seeing [Thomas] Forster, Mr and Mrs Lee, Mrs Barbauld, the Aikins, including Lucy Aikin [(1781-1864), historical writer], whose poem on women is "very admirable"; Mr Thomson of Russell Square, now a master in Chancery; attended a party at Mrs Weddell's with the C Scotts, meeting Mrs [Amelia] Opie [(1769-1853), author], the Rudges, Wilbrahams, Mr and Mrs Frere, and Sir H Englefield. Proposed to the Dilettanti club by Lord Borringdon; intends to join. Oppressive weather in London. Lord Erskine has called on him twice to consult about willows, recommended by William Smith. His "Hafod Tour"; payment and gifting of copies. Intends to dedicate his "Lapland Tour" to Thomas Forster of Clapton, [Essex].
[Letter incomplete: second folio cropped, presumed destroyed
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