14 research outputs found
Role of CRISPR-Cas9 in agricultural science
No full textClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), a potent gene-editing tool was found in 2012. CRISPR is a genetic engineering technique that enables genome editing in living creatures and is based on the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 antiviral defense mechanism. It is simpler, less expensive, and more accurate than previous gene editing techniques. It also has a wide range of valuable uses, including improving crops and treating genetic diseases. Plant science has benefited more from the CRISPR/Cas9 editing technique than medical science. CRISPR/Cas9 has been used in a range of crop-related research and development domains, including disease resistance, plant development, abiotic tolerance, morphological development, secondary metabolism, and fiber creation, as a well-developed cutting-edge biotechnology technique. This paper summarized the role of the CRISPR-CAS9 tool in modern agricultural science
Progress and Potential Drawbacks of Modern Agricultural Technologies: A Literature Review
Full text linkThe production of agriculture has undergone new modifications as a result of agricultural technologies. These not only boost agricultural output but may also significantly raise the caliber of produced food, cut labor expenses, boost farmers' incomes, and achieve agricultural modernization. The use of precision agriculture (PA) is expanding due to the rapid socioeconomic changes that are occurring in certain developing nations. There are enormous ramifications for urbanization, energy consumption, and economic growth in certain developing nations when fundamental changes occur. The research status and current agricultural technology achievements are carefully summarized in this study. In-depth discussions of thirteen significant agricultural technologies are provided in this article. All significant technologies from developed countries are discussed so that under-developed and lower-developed countries will benefit from this paper. Finally, some fresh concepts for each technology are offered, and potential issues in establishing such sophisticated technologies are identified. The main objective of this review is to increase knowledge of modern agriculture and the development process in the agricultural field
An Assessment of the Interaction between Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Available Nutrients from the Lifecycle of Several Agricultural Crops
Full text linkAgricultural products cause the emission of certain significant amount of greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most important greenhouse gases and its emissions are increasing day by day as a result of the increase in agricultural productivity. This study aims to pinpoint the most environmentally friendly crops and fruits that are sources of good nutrients and emits less CO2 throughout their life cycles. Relation between nutrient availability and CO2 emissions from staple foods namely; wheat, maize, rice, potato, sugarcane, sugar beet, soybean, palm oil, sunflower, rapeseed, banana, apple and grape are investigated in this study. Secondary data was collected from dataset’s website. Spearman's rank and diagram interpretation technique are used to find out the correlation between nutrient availability and CO2 emissions. Among carbohydrate diets, rice emits 4 kg CO2 kg-1 of crops, which is significantly higher than that of wheat, maize and potato. However, the amount of carbohydrates in rice (0.26%) is less than those carbohydrate diets. Similarly, sugarcane emits more CO2 as 2.6 kg kg-1 of crops than sugar beet (1.4 kg kg-1 of crops) among sugar crops. Soybean and palm oil emit more CO2 as 6 kg kg-1 and 7.2 kg kg-1 of crops, respectively, as compared to other oilseed crops, but every oilseed crop has the same food value. Among fruits, bananas emit less CO2 (1.1 kg kg-1 of crops) and have a higher content of carbohydrates (0.23%) than other selected fruits. Proper crop selection based on nutrient content can lead to lower CO2 emissions than at present and a consistent balance between environmental and nutritional needs in the future
A Comparative Analysis between Food Affordability and Healthy Life Among The Rural and Urban People of Bangladesh
Full text linkGood health depends on moderate and proper nutritional food. There is a noticeable difference in eating patterns between individuals living in rural and urban regions. The central aspect of this study is to make a comparative analysis of the health of rural and urban people with their eating habits. In February 2022, data were collected from 1,400 people in Bangladesh’s major cities through offline and online surveys and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 and Microsoft Excel. Three types of correlation are brought out among the selected parameters, such as local people will be able to protect themselves from heart disease by consuming vegetables. The paper highlights the staple food of people of all ages in Bangladesh as well as their daily food intake time and quantity through a comprehensive survey. People will be able to adjust their health depending on the type and amount of food they consume, and they will also be able to know whether urban people are ahead of rural people and vice versa. This research can bring good health to the people by reviewing the food habits of the people of the village and the city
Ecological Advancements and Developments of Agroforestry
Full text linkAgroforestry is a conventional method of land use that could help to address agricultural environmental issues. In order to take advantage of the ensuing ecological and economic interactions, agroforestry is the technique of consciously integrating woody vegetation (trees or shrubs) with crop and/or animal systems. According to recent studies, the global agri-food industry may reach more sustainable methods of producing food and fiber by adopting agroforestry techniques and principles more widely. This would benefit farmers economically and would benefit society as a whole in terms of the environment. Agroforestry promotes eco-intensification based on resource efficiency and offers a wide range of provisioning, regulating, cultural, supporting ecosystem services, and environmental advantages. In this review, we discussed agroforestry with its advantages and developments
Challenges, Developments, and Perspectives of Conservation Agriculture (CA) in Modern Agricultural System
No full textOne of the long-term solutions for agriculture’s depletion of natural resources and degradation of the environment has been identified as conservation agriculture systems with proper crop and soil management. With the progress of the era, great changes have taken place in the field of agriculture. At present, it is possible to produce sufficient crops through conservation agriculture, along with economic, agronomic, and environmental benefits. Conservation techniques greatly lower the danger to food safety on a farm. CA is a farming method used to boost crop yield and sustainability that depends on three principles: minimal soil disturbance, crop rotation, and surface crop residue retention. This paper summarizes the importance, benefits, and challenges of conservation agriculture in a precise manner. In this study, we also discuss the way to increase the practice of conservation agricultureas well as the present research scenario of Bangladesh. At last, some research gaps are highlighted. Through this review, students and researchers will know the current development status of CA clearly and briefly
Evaluating the parameters influencing agricultural productivity due to the limitations of smartphone-related knowledge among farmers
Full text linkThe use of smartphones has improved individuals significantly in this age of information technology. Yet farmers cannot use this smartphone due to a lack of proper knowledge. Where smartphones could easily be used by farmers to solve their agricultural problems. The aims of the study to improve the daily life of a farmer as well as to gain skills in the use of smart phones. Nine characters have been selected to find out the relation between knowledge of farmers' use of smartphones in agriculture. The data are collected through interviews from 128 farm families from Mymensingh of Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire is distributed for collecting data. Those data were pre-arranged and categorized by using M.S. Excel. Spearman's Rank Order were used to create correlations among the characteristics of farmers. Among the selected farmers 56% have low knowledge and only 3% of farmers have high knowledge about the use of smartphones in the agricultural sector. Among nine characters ages and firm experience have a strong negative significant correlation (-0.548* and -0.541*, respectively). On the other hand, extension media interaction has a strong positive relationship (0.588*). From this output, farmers will be able to gain a complete understanding of smartphones to solve the agricultural problems with proper training and experience
How Do Plants Respond to Combined Drought and Salinity Stress?—A Systematic Review
No full textPlants are frequently exposed to one or more abiotic stresses, including combined salinity-drought, which significantly lowers plant growth. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the responses of plants to combined salinity and drought stress. However, a meta-analysis-based systematic review has not been conducted yet. Therefore, this study analyzed how plants respond differently to combined salinity-drought stress compared to either stress alone. We initially retrieved 536 publications from databases and selected 30 research articles following a rigorous screening. Data on plant growth-related, physiological, and biochemical parameters were collected from these selected articles and analyzed. Overall, the combined salinity-drought stress has a greater negative impact on plant growth, photosynthesis, ionic balance, and oxidative balance than either stress alone. In some cases, salinity had a greater impact than drought stress and vice versa. Drought stress inhibited photosynthesis more than salinity, whereas salinity caused ionic imbalance more than drought stress. Single salinity and drought reduced shoot biomass equally, but salinity reduced root biomass more than drought. Plants experienced more oxidative stress under combined stress conditions because antioxidant levels did not increase in response to combined salinity-drought stress compared to individual salinity or drought stress. This study provided a comparative understanding of plants’ responses to individual and combined salinity and drought stress, and identified several research gaps. More comprehensive genetic and physiological studies are needed to understand the intricate interplay between salinity and drought in plants
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Agriculture and Its Role in Maintaining Ecological Balance and Biodiversity
No full textThe production of sustainable crops and environmental management in farming face several significant potential obstacles, including climate change, resource depletion and environmental degradation. Weeds and insect pests that considerably reduce yields have put crop production systems in danger. The greatest worry for farmers is the decline in productivity due to illnesses and pests. Insects, weed pests, and plant pathogens destroy more than 40% of all potential food production every year. The widespread use of integrated pest management (IPM) is a result of worries about the long-term viability of conventional agriculture. IPM ensures sufficient, secure, equitable, and steady flows of both food and ecosystem services, as well as increased agricultural profitability due to lower pest management expenditures. A number of studies conducted on IPM have been combined. Important information from all these studies was analyzed and summarized in this literature review. In this article, we investigated the following: (1) explanation of different management components; (2) development in organically integrated weed and insect pest management, with possible ramifications and scope; (3) knowledge and adaptation status of IPM in the modern world; (4) resources and tools of IPM; (5) current challenges and suggested future research priorities. Regular training related to IPM should be arranged to spread the knowledge of IPM to all farmer levels. This requires the cooperation of the government. Furthermore, IPM will reach a new milestone if Internet of Things technology is practiced along with the existing pest control method. Overall, this review addresses the possibilities for researchers and farmers to use a variety of natural control agents as a full or partial replacement for synthetic pesticides
IFSG: Intelligence agriculture crop-pest detection system using IoT automation system
Get PDFThe agricultural and technological combination is blessed for modern world life. Internet of things (IoT) is essential for comfort and development to our agriculture side. In our study, we detected the various pest using different types of sensors and this information has automatically sent to the farmer's mobile for the alert. All these sensors had a central database. Those sensors collect all the data and display the results compared to the central data. The High-image sensor will be able to detect all the rays emitted from the plant and another one is the gas sensor which is able to detect all the gases coming from the diseased plant. We mainly use sound sensor, MQ138, CMOSOV-7670, AMG-8833 for a better automation system. We test it with real-time environment conditions (40°C≤TA≤14°C). Crop pest detection automatic process is more efficient than the other detection process according to testing output. As a result, far-reaching changes in the agricultural sector are possible. To reduce extra cost and increasing more farming ability we need to IoT and Agriculture combinations more
