50 research outputs found
Auction Design with Advised Bidders
No full textThis paper studies efficient and optimal auction design where bidders do not know their values and solicit advice from informed but biased advisors via a cheap-talk game. When advisors are biased toward overbidding, we characterize efficient equilibria of static auctions and equilibria of the English auction under the NITS condition (Chen, Kartik and Sobel (2008)). In static auctions, advisors transmit a coarsening of their information and a version of the revenue equivalence holds. In contrast, in the English auction, information is transmitted perfectly from types in the bottom of the distribution, and pooling happens only at the top. Under NITS, any equilibrium of the English auction dominates any efficient equilibrium of any static auction in terms of both efficiency and the seller's revenue. The distinguishing feature of the English auction is that information can be transmitted over time and bidders cannot submit bids below the current price of the auction. This results in a higher efficiency due to better information transmission and allows the seller to extract additional profits from the overbidding bias of advisors. When advisors are biased toward underbidding, there is an equilibrium of the Dutch auction that is more efficient than any efficient equilibrium of any static auction, however, it can bring lower expected revenue. Keywords auction design, cheap-talk, full revelation, english auction, communicatio
Role of ROS in A?42 mediated cell surface P-selectin expression and actin polymerization
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A Submicrosecond High-Current Electron Beam Source with an Explosive-Emission Cathode and an Auxiliary Discharge Initiated by a Pre-Pulse
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Selling to Advised Buyers
No full text© 2019 American Economic Association. All Rights Reserved. In many cases, buyers are not informed about their valuations and rely on experts, who are informed but biased for overbidding. We study auction design when selling to such "advised buyers." We show that a canonical dynamic auction, the English auction, has a natural equilibrium that outperforms standard static auctions in expected revenues and allocative efficiency. The ability to communicate as the auction proceeds allows for more informative communication and gives advisors the ability to persuade buyers into overbidding. The same outcome is the unique equilibrium of the English auction when bidders can commit to contracts with their advisors
Diatoms and their abundances in the Late Holocene sediments of Core LV77-3-1 from the southern part of Chukchi Sea
No full textDiatoms from 87 sediment samples of the Core LV77-3-1 collected in southern part of Chukchi Sea were examined to reconstruct paleoenvironments of last millennia and correlate with sediment geochemistry data obtained from the same Core. Diatoms in Core Lv77-3-1 are represented by 161 species belonging to 61 genus (table 1). The largest number of species is characteristic of the genera Chaetoceros (15 taxa), Navicula (12), Thalassiosira (10), Coscinodiscus (8), Diploneis (8), Actinocyclus (7). Most species are marine, among which are 62 planktonic, benthic - 63 species. Considerable amount of freshwater (24 taxa) and extinct (12 taxa ) species are encountered but they are single. Analysis of diatoms on a detailed age model showed the periodicity of sedimentation in the zone of influence of the Pacific waters of the Chukchi Sea in the Late Holocene, which is characterized by alternation of relatively cold and warm epochs. The reconstructed changes do not fully reflect the global climate changes of the late Holocene. It is assumed that a possible cause of the discrepancy between ice conditions and global temperature changes is the inflow of warm Pacific waters through the Bering Strait, which increases the duration of the ice-free period
Anticipatory Life Cycle Assessment of Sol-Gel Derived Anti-Reflective Coating for Greenhouse Glass
No full textInnovation has become one of the global aspirations of this era being the main driver not only for economic growth but also for sustainable development and improvement of human wellbeing. Although novel technology can bring benefits and opportunities, it may cause unintended and undesirable consequences to environment and society. In order to prevent future ecological disadvantages, environmental analysis is carried out to estimate the impacts of a certain innovation. Environmental assessment of technologies is usually carried out when they have been already launched in the market. As a result, reoriention of the technological development towards better environmental performance in the later stages of Research and Development (R&D) becomes more complicated. Anticipatory Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been developed as a framework to assess the environmental impacts of new technologies by exploring possible paths of the technological development. The thesis project demonstrates the application of Anticipatory LCA for the analysis of the innovation at the early phase of R&D. The aim of the following work is to guide the Netherlands Organization of Applied Scientific Research (TNO) coating innovation technology based on LCA impact results. The novel coating is being synthesized at laboratory scale and has a great potential to be launched in the market. The scenarios method was used to scale up the coating production process to pilot and industrial scales. The LCA results showed that the novel coating manufactured at industrial scale would have approximately the same environmental impacts as conventional coatings in the future. In this study, environmental impact of implementation of the new coating was studied with the help of Sensitivity analysis. Depending on feedstock and logistics, reductions could be achieved with respect to environmental impact while implementing the same innovation.The Master's programme Industrial Ecology is jointly organised by Leiden University and Delft University of Technology.Industrial Ecolog
P4‐242: ROLE OF ROS IN AB42‐MEDIATED ACTIVATION OF CEREBRAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLS
No full textThere is evidence that the deposition of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) in brain parenchyma and brain vessels is the main cause of neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ exhibits multiple cytotoxic effects to neurons and causes dysfunction of the blood brain barrier (BBB). In the AD brains an increased deposition of Aβ in the cerebral vasculature is correlated with increased transmigration of blood-born inflammatory cells and neurovascular inflammation. However, regulatory mediators of these processes remain to be elucidated. In this study, we examined a role of ROS in actin polymerization and expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of the cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) that are activated by Aβ42
