30 research outputs found
A critical analysis of the international terms of shipment in dry-bulk exports from the Port of Richards Bay.
No full textThesis (M.Com.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.Approximately 98 % of South African exports are conveyed by sea. The volume of South
Africa's sea trade represents approximately 3,5 percent of world seaborne trade in
tonnage terms, a performance that placed the country on the map of international
maritime nations.
The major portion of South Africa's dry-bulk exports is shipped from the port of
Richards Bay. Richards Bay is the seventh largest world port in terms of cargo volumes,
and handles in excess of 80 million tons per annum. This represents approximately 57 %
of all South African seaborne trade by volume. The greater portion of South African
seaborne trade, especially on the export side consists of shipments of primary (raw)
products or beneficiated primary products, and accounts for approximately 140 million
tons of all cargoes. The export of primary products or commodities is a vital part of the
South African economy and generates a substantial amount of the country's foreign
exchange.
This dissertation concludes that shipment on FOB terms continues to command the lion's
share of all export consignments handled in the port. In fact from the more than 78
million tons of cargo covered in the survey, more than 64 million is shipped on FOB
terms, which constitute in cargo volumes approximately 82% of all exported
commodities from the Port of Richards Bay. The high incidence of shipments on FOB
terms leaves the final arrangement of shipping in the hands of foreign buyers. This
represents a substantial loss of revenue in invisible earnings for the country's service
account of the balance of payments
Influence of DNA-Markers Kap 1.3, Cast, Lep 387 on the Productivity of Sheep of the Caucasian and Edilbaevskaya Breeds
No full textRecently, all over the world, breeding work has been carried out with the active use of the methods of modern genetics. The article presents the results of a study of the relationship between the DNA markers of calpastatin (CAST) and leptin (LEP 387) with the meat productivity of Edilbaev sheep, as well as KAP 1.3 with the wool productivity of Caucasian sheep. It was revealed that these DNA markers have a sufficient level of polymorphism in the studied breeds, as well as presence of a relationship between the genotypes of the studied DNA markers with the productivity of the studied breeds
L. S. Tal and V. M. Gordon: Double portrait for the anniversary
No full textThis article provides a comparative analysis of the life and creative paths of well-known Russian
lawyers L. S. Tal and V. M. Gordon. The appeal of biographies of these scholars is not only
the anniversary of their births, but also meaningful and applied purposes. The activities of
these scholars, especially Tal, are linked to the formation of the domestic study of labor law,
and the discussion between them on key issues about the recruitment of labor is important for
understanding the genesis of labor law. The difference in their approaches to labor law issues
was due to differences in their training, specialization, and even temperament. At the same
time, many factual elements in their biographies have been clarified, and some have been
made public for the first time. This allows not only to correct their biographical information,
but also to better understand peculiarities of their worldviews and the scale of their contributions
to the development of legal studies. The relevance of their discussions is also increasing
in connection with currently changing approaches to regulating labor relations and increasing
its flexibility. Attention is drawn to the social environment in which their views were formed,
their gymnasium and university training, careers in public service, and personal lives. Their
scholarly and teaching activities were at the center of attention, and both at one time taught
and conducted scientific activities at the Demidov Juridical Lyceum (Yaroslavl)
Problems of Navigational Safety in Concepts and Criteria
No full textThe article deals with problems of ship's navigational safety, difficulties existing in attempts to formalize the automation of navigation. Criteria of ship's navigational safety existing today are considered, as well as errors related with these issues. The author also takes into consideration the problems to be solved, and expresses a need for the perfection of such important documents as COLREG-72, Accuracy Standard for navigation and others
An analysis of practices of monitoring the accuracy and reliability of compasses on modern merchant ships
No full textThis article examines the current state of practices concerning the monitoring of the accuracy and reliability
of compasses on modern ships in the global fleet. The author analyzes personally detected, bizarre, but
commonly used practices that may indirectly lead to hazards to human life, and impose a serious risk of marine
environmental pollution. The author indicates probable reasons for the present state, and proposes directions,
resources and methods for rectifying the situation. The problems presented, which represent the results
of a broad study, call for decisive solutions in such areas as technology, education, law, and morality
Labour law and institutionalism: A well-forgotten old
No full textThe article considers a set of problems related to the possibility of an institutional approach to
the study of the development and functioning of labour law. An analysis of the features of institutionalism
in economics, its main characteristics and differences from both neo-institutionalism
and new institutionalism is given. The main features of this phenomenon are presented. Particular
attention is paid to the “old” institutionalism and especially its legal direction, associated with
the activities of the American scientist J. R. Commons. At the same time, the role of scientists of
this direction in the development of problems of labour law, as well as in the formation of American
labour and social security legislation in the first third of the 20th century, is emphasized. The
author comes to the conclusion that lawyers, including the first scientists in the field of labour
law, also used the institutional approach in their research. It is concluded that the institutional approach allows us to take a fresh look at the traditional problems of science and the branch of
labour law, given that they are closely related to the economic processes taking place in society.
It is argued that it is the institutional approach that makes it possible to reach the signs of an employment
relationship, but from a slightly different angle. In this regard, it is not by chance that
among the ideologists and authors of the first bills related to the regulation of labour relations in
the United States in the thirties of the 20th century, supporters of institutionalism prevailed. The
author connects the emerging doctrine of social partnership and the doctrine of “human relations”
by F. Mayo precisely with institutional approaches to economics and law. All this makes
it possible to include the institutional approach in the methodological tools of modern research
into the problems of labour law
System analysis of sagittal plane human motion wearing an exoskeleton using marker technology
No full textThis paper discusses various methods of obtaining time functions for joint angle that describe a exoskeleton’s motion during sit-to-stand motion. This article demonstrates that functions obtained by solving the inverse kinematics problem can be effectively used as inputs to the control system of the robot. Comparison with experimentally data obtained using marker technology is done
System analysis of sagittal plane human motion wearing an exoskeleton using marker technology
No full textThis paper discusses various methods of obtaining time functions for joint angle that describe a exoskeleton’s motion during sit-to-stand motion. This article demonstrates that functions obtained by solving the inverse kinematics problem can be effectively used as inputs to the control system of the robot. Comparison with experimentally data obtained using marker technology is done
