118 research outputs found
The law-dictionary : explaining the rise, progress, and present state of the English law, in theory and practice; defining and interpreting the terms or words of art; and comprising copious information, historical, political, and commercial, on the subjects of our law, trade, and government
No full textSigned: Thos F. Joens / ink on front flyleafOriginally compiled by Giles Jacob; and continued by him, and other editors, through ten editions: now greatly enlarged and improved, by many material corrections and additions, from the latest statutes, reports and other accurate publications; by T.E. Tomlins, of the Inner Temple, Barrister at Law
Ghost Train Plan and Elevation Drawings
No full textSurvey of ground for the ghost train at Westover Amusement Park for Gordons (Bournemouth) Ltd, by Reynolds & Tomlins L.R.I.B.A. Architects, Bournemouth. Drawing number J180, scale 1/4""
Effect of pretreatments for retaining total carotenoids in dried and stored orange-fleshed-sweet potato chips
No full textVarious dipping pretreatments have been investigated for orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) to retain carotenoids after drying and subsequent storage. Effects of blanching, sodium metabisulfite (0.5 or 1%), acids (ascorbic acid [1%] or citric acid [0.5%]) or salt (1%), either singly or as mixtures, were tested on dried OFSP chips that were stored for up to 6 months in ambient conditions. Overall, there was a positive effect of dipping on total carotenoid content after drying compared with control (P < 0.05). A slight improvement in carotenoid content was observed during the first month of storage with ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, and mixtures of sodium metabisulfite and citric acid, or ascorbic acid and salt pretreatments, but these higher levels were not maintained over longer storage periods (4–6 months). The general lack of improvement was believed to result from the leaching and degradation of the chemicals during storage
Sensory evaluation and consumer acceptability of pale-fleshed and orange-fleshed sweetpotato by school children and mothers with preschool children
No full textThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the flavour profile and consumer acceptability of four
sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars that differed in β-carotene content. Descriptive sensory
profiles of the sweetpotato cultivars were determined using a sensory panel. Consumers in the Lake Zone of
Tanzania comprised school children (n = 94) and mothers with preschool children (n = 59). Additionally, mothers
gave acceptability scores for how they perceived their children’s acceptance. Traditional pale-fleshed (PFSP) and
high-β-carotene orange-fleshed (OFSP) sweetpotato cultivars showed distinct differences in sensory profile. Mean
consumer responses indicated that OFSP were more acceptable than PFSP; mothers differed from school children
by giving higher acceptance scores. Mothers did not score the perceived acceptability for their preschool children
different from themselves. Segmentation appeared to suggest three distinct patterns of consumer acceptability
among school children and mothers. The majority gave high acceptability scores to both OFSP and PFSP. Those
in the smaller second group gave higher scores to OFSP than to PFSP, while those (particularly school children)
in the third segment gave lower scores to the OFSP cultivar Karote DSM. There was evidence that school children
and mothers viewed the sweetpotato cultivars differently with respect to fibrous texture. A preliminary storage
trial where the sweetpotato cultivars were kept for 12 weeks in pit structures indicated that the acceptability and
sensory profile of the cultivars did not differ with storage
Investigating carotenoid loss after drying and storage of orange-fleshed sweet potato
No full textBiofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) is being promoted to tackle vitamin A deficiency, a serious public health problem affecting children and pregnant/lactating women in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the study was to quantify and understand the factors influencing carotenoid losses in dried OFSP. Losses were determined in chips after drying and storage. A preliminary study demonstrated that carotenoid levels were not significantly different following either solar or sun drying. Carotenoid loss after drying was generally correlated with high initial moisture content and high carotenoid content in fresh sweetpotato roots. Losses of pro-vitamin A were less than 35% in all cases. Flour made from OFSP could therefore be a significant source of provitamin A. In contrast, storage of chips at room temperature in Uganda and Mozambique for four months resulted in high losses of pro-vitamin A (ca. 70-80% loss from the initial dried product). Low-cost pre-treatments, such as blanching, antioxidants and salting, did not reduce carotenoid losses during storage. Enzymatic catabolism of b-carotene in dried OFSP was considered unlikely because of low peroxidase activities at low water activities and the loss of peroxidase activity during storage. To understand further the factors causing the losses, dried sweet potato chips were stored under controlled conditions of temperature (10; 20; 30; or 40ºC), water activity (0.13; 0.30; 0.51; 0.76) or oxygen (0 [under nitrogen]; 2.5; 10 or 21% [air]). Oxygen was the main cause of degradation followed by temperature. An Arrhenius kinetic model was used to show that carotenoid breakdown followed first order kinetics with an activation energy of 68.3kJ.mol-1 that was in accordance with the literature. Experimental observations fitted well with data predicted by the kinetic model. The formation of the volatile compounds,b-ionone; 5,6-epoxy-b-ionone; dihydroactinidiolide; b-cyclocitral that were clearly related to the degradation of b-carotene, helped further understand breakdown patterns of b-carotene
Consumer acceptability and sensory evaluation of a fermented cassava product (Nigerian fufu)
No full textThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the sensory profile and acceptability of six types of fufu (a fermented cassava product) produced by different processes using sensory evaluation and consumer acceptability testing. Fufu samples were selected to evaluate the acceptability of dried fufu flours, which are increasingly being consumed, and compare with a traditional paste and a newly developed paste that produces less environmental waste. Descriptive sensory profiles of the selected samples demonstrated distinct differences in sensory profiles. They were evaluated for consumer acceptance at three demographic locations; Lagos (n = 91), Ibadan (n = 121) and Abeokuta (n = 99), Nigeria. Fufu made from a paste that produced less environmental waste had the highest acceptance scores, followed by flour and paste made by the traditional method and finally the remaining flours. Average consumer liking between the three locations did not differ. Three distinct consumer segments were identified and the number of consumers in these segments differed between the locations. Consumers differentiated fufu made from pastes and from flour. Internal preference mapping indicated that consumers associated the flours with sensory attributes such as sticky texture and raw cassava odour, while pastes were associated with soft texture, and shiny and creamy appearance. Fufu acceptance varies widely among consumers and is related to preferences for distinct fufu flavour profiles. Correlations between consumer acceptance scores and sensory scores appeared to be non-linear for many attributes but a larger sample size of fufu samples would be necessary to confirm this. The implications of these finding are discussed
Without God yet not without nuance : a qualitative study of atheism and on-religion among Scottish university students
No full textThis chapter proposes an analytic typology for the study of atheism, based on questionnaire and interview data from Scottish subjects, which allows for more a more nuanced understanding of non-religion than the prevalent model of characterising atheists simply as those who are not theists. The chapter was motivated by a concern to show “variety in the category ‘non-religious’, whilst demonstrating the inadequacy of attempts to do this in terms of dimensions of ‘religiosity’.” In other words, the author explores the use of ideal types that are grounded in the narratives and self-descriptions of non-religious individuals, and which are not limited to a simple negation of religion. The significance of this is to avoid considering religiosity to be the normative base from which non-religiosity is always compared, and to further the in-depth and qualitative understanding of non-religious people in their own right
Discovery and Characterization of Recurrent Gene Fusions in Prostate Cancer.
No full textRecurrent chromosomal rearrangements have been well characterized in hematologic and mesenchymal malignancies, but not in common carcinomas. A novel bioinformatics algorithm termed Cancer Outlier Profile Analysis (COPA) was developed to analyze DNA microarray data for genes markedly over-expressed (“outliers”) in a subset of cases. COPA identified the ETS family members ERG and ETV1 as high-ranking outliers in multiple prostate cancer profiling studies. In cases with outlier expression of ERG or ETV1, recurrent gene fusions of the 5’ untranslated region of the prostate-specific, androgen-induced gene TMPRSS2 to the respective ETS family member were identified. In vitro studies in cancer cell lines demonstrated that androgen-responsive promoter elements of TMPRSS2 mediate the aberrant ETS family member over-expression. Subsequent interrogation of all ETS family members in prostate cancer profiling studies identified outlier expression of ETV4 in two of 98 cases. In one such case, ETV4 over-expression was confirmed and a fusion of the TMPRSS2 and ETV4 loci was identified. A large scale profiling and integrated molecular concepts analysis demonstrated that ETS rearrangement-positive and -negative tumors have distinct transcriptional programs, with loss at 6q21 as a possible defining genetic event in ETS negative prostate cancers.
While TMPRSS2:ERG fusions are predominant, fewer TMPRSS2:ETV1 cases were identified than would be expected based on the frequency of ETV1 outlier expression. Through characterizing additional ETV1 outlier cases, novel 5’ fusion partners defining distinct functional classes of ETS gene rearrangements were identified. These include fusions involving androgen-stimulated, androgen-repressed and androgen-insensitive 5’ partners. As the commonality of ETS rearrangements is aberrant over-expression, in vitro and in vivo recapitulation demonstrated that ETV1 or ERG over-expression in benign prostate cells and the mouse prostate confers neoplastic phenotypes.
Together, this work suggests a pathogenetically important role for recurrent chromosomal rearrangements in a common epithelial tumor and has important implications in the molecular diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Deregulation of ETS family member expression through gene fusions appears to be a generalized mechanism for prostate cancer development in the majority of cases. Additionally, other common epithelial tumors may be driven by uncharacterized gene rearrangements.PhDMolecular & Cellular PathologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57601/2/tomlinss_1.pd
The Cold War and US-Guatemalan Relations During the 1960's
No full textDuring the 1960's Guatemalan stability began to falter due to a political and social breakdown; guerilla violence and government repression emerged from this decade as common occurrences. In response to the instability within Guatemala, the US focused on providing significant financial aid to bolster a weak economy, while simultaneously working with the Guatemalan police and military to create more efficient and modern internal security forces capable of combating Communist subversion. Despite US attempts to foster stability, in 1963 President Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes was removed from office by a military coup organized by his opponents within Guatemala.
The Lyndon B. Johnson administration continued to support the Guatemalan government and continued to provide economic and military assistance. Despite US assistance, the internal social and political divisions in Guatemala continued to result in violence. In the midst of the escalating violence, elections were held in 1966 and the center left candidate Julio Cesar Mendez Montenegro was elected as the new president of Guatemala. The election of a politically left president further radicalized the Guatemalan right, which resulted in attempted coups and acts of terror. The violence from the leftist guerillas and the radical rightist elements forced Mendez Montenegro to allow the military to use harsh counter-terror strategies to bring the country under control. Despite negative developments, the US consistently tried to help build Guatemalan stability. Unfortunately, its policies ignored the socio-economic inequalities, and internal division which was the biggest problem facing the nation. The internal political division that created the violence and instability made it impossible for any US assistance to have a meaningful impact. During the 1960's these developments in Guatemala paved the way for the violence and genocide of the 1980's and solidified a policy of US involvement that was inadequate and ineffective
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