373 research outputs found
sj-docx-2-mde-10.1177_23821205231203908 - Supplemental material for How the Hospital Works: An Interdisciplinary, Systems-Based Practice Medical Student Elective
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-mde-10.1177_23821205231203908 for How the Hospital Works: An Interdisciplinary, Systems-Based Practice Medical Student Elective by Andrew J Hale, Jason Bartsch, Renee D Stapleton and Polly E Parsons in Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development</p
sj-docx-1-mde-10.1177_23821205231203908 - Supplemental material for How the Hospital Works: An Interdisciplinary, Systems-Based Practice Medical Student Elective
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-mde-10.1177_23821205231203908 for How the Hospital Works: An Interdisciplinary, Systems-Based Practice Medical Student Elective by Andrew J Hale, Jason Bartsch, Renee D Stapleton and Polly E Parsons in Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development</p
Stapleton Crutchfield: Stonewall Jaackson's chief of artillery
No full textNo Virginian was more dedicated to the Confederate cause than Stapleton Crutchfield. Born into a prominent and wealthy family, Crutchfield enjoyed and embraced the southern aristocratic lifestyle. He was a Virginian first and a United States citizen second.
When Crutchfield was sixteen, he enrolled at the Virginia Military Institute. The young man had been enamored with the military tradition of his family and the extreme militancy of the South. Graduating at the top of his class in 1855, Crutchfield stayed on at the Institute as a mathematics professor.
As Virginia prepared for war in 1861, Crutchfield resigned from his post and joined the Confederate army as an officer. The former mathematician was anxious for a fight. He believed that Virginia and the southern lifestyle was endanger of being destroyed by the North. Crutchfield's military training and family connections helped him receive appointment to the rank of major.
In 1862, Gen. Thomas Jackson appointed Crutchfield to chief of artillery of his division. While Crutchfield had received training in artillery at the Institute l the instruction he received would not prepare him for the Civil War. New technology and the massive size of the armies had drastically changed the role of artillery in battle. His experience would come through trial and error on the battlefield.
As Jackson's successes catapulted him to the top of the Confederate army's hierarchy, Crutchfield assumed additional commands and responsibilities. He became one of the few men to command artillery corps in the Civil War. During his tenure as artillery chief, the "long arm" of the Army of Northern Virginia experienced its largest growth. Furthermore, it is when Lee's army had its greatest successes on the battlefield.
Yet, Stapleton Crutchfield has been overlooked by Civil War historians. They have failed to investigate the complexities of being artillery chief during the army's greatest period of growth and success. Crutchfield played an invaluable role in the shaping of the Army of Northern Virginia's artillery. His actions influenced the artillery corps even after his wound forced him to retire from his post.Master of Art
Electron spin-lattice relaxation in proteins, model heme complexes and ferricyanide solutions at helium temperatures
No full textElectron Spin-Lattice relaxation rates are reported for frozen solutions of the blue-copper proteins azurin and plastocyanin, the low-spin iron heme protein cytochrome-c, two (bis)imidazole ferric heme complexes in three different organic solvents and two ferricyanide solutions. Measurements were performed at X-band frequencies and temperatures between 1.4 and 22 K. Relaxation rates show a one-phonon direct process at low temperatures (T 4 K) with a temperature dependence that is approximately characterized by a simple power-law (T\sp{\rm n}), with fitted values of n between 4.9 and 7.45. The expected temperature dependence of a two-phonon (Raman) process in simple crystalline systems has been demonstrated to follow a power-law (T\sp{\rm n}), with n = 9.0. The anomalously weak temperature dependence for protein systems has been tentatively explained in terms of a fractal model of protein dynamics, where the temperature exponent is n = 4q + 2d - 1 and q = dd\sb{\varphi}/D. The localized vibrations (fractons) are characterized by a localization exponent d\sb{\varphi} on an underlying fractal lattice with Hausdorf dimension D and the fracton density of states with a spectral dimension d. A wide variation in the fitted n-values for different solvent conditions of the protein solutions suggests that it may not be possible to conclusively verify the fractal model as it is formulated. Studies of heme complexes and ferricyanide solutions show that the protein backbone is not essential for the observation of an anomalous temperature dependence. Two phenomenological models of a phonon density of states in amorphous systems are discussed and compared to relevant length scales.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
9114226.pdf: 6489651 bytes, checksum: 746bc57c9764b115b677ee565e4050d4 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1990Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:52:22Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:24:06-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
Biodegradation of a Sulfur-Containing PAH, Dibenzothiophene, by a Mixed Bacterial Community
No full textDibenzothiophene (DBT) is a constituent of creosote and petroleum waste contamination, it is a model compound for more complex thiophenes, and its degradation by mixed microbial communities has received little attention. The chemical characteristics, environmental fate and ecotoxicology of DBT degradation products are not well understood. This research investigated DBT degradation in an enrichment culture derived from creosote-contaminated estuarian sediment using a suite of assays to monitor bacterial populations, bacterial growth, degradation products, DBT loss, and toxicity. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was evaluated as a sequential treatment following biodegradation. Additionally, to advance SYBR-Green qPCR methodology for characterizing mixed microbial communities, an alternative approach for evaluating qPCR data using a sigmoidal model to fit the amplification curve was compared to the conventional approach in artificial mixed communities. The overall objective of this research was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the degradation of a model heterocyclic PAH, DBT, by a mixed microbial community, particularly within the context of remediation goals.DBT biodegradation was evaluated in laboratory scale cultures with and without pH control. The microbial community was monitored with 10 primer sets using SYBR-Green quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Twenty-seven degradation products were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The diversity of these products indicated that multiple pathways functioned in the community. DBT degradation appeared inhibited under acidic conditions. Toxicity to bioluminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri more than doubled in the first few days of degradation, was never reduced below initial levels, and was attributed in part to one or more degradation products. UV treatment following biodegradation was explored using a monochromatic (254 nm) low-pressure UV lamp. While DBT was not extensively photooxidized, several biodegradation products were susceptible to UV treatment. At higher doses, UV treatment following DBT biodegradation exacerbated cardiac defects in Fundulus heteroclitus embryos, but slightly reduced toxicity to V. fischeri.This research provides a uniquely comprehensive view of the DBT degradation process, identifying bacterial populations previously unassociated with PAH biodegradation, as well as potentially hazardous products that may form during biodegradation. Additionally, this research contributes to development of unconventional remediation strategies combining microbial degradation with subsequent UV treatment.</p
Accurate thickness measurement of graphene
No full textGraphene has emerged as a material with a vast variety of applications. The electronic, optical and mechanical properties of graphene are strongly influenced by the number of layers present in a sample. As a result, the dimensional characterization of graphene films is crucial, especially with the continued development of new synthesis methods and applications. A number of techniques exist to determine the thickness of graphene films including optical contrast, Raman scattering and scanning probe microscopy techniques. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), in particular, is used extensively since it provides three-dimensional images that enable the measurement of the lateral dimensions of graphene films as well as the thickness, and by extension the number of layers present. However, in the literature AFM has proven to be inaccurate with a wide range of measured values for single layer graphene thickness reported (between 0.4 and 1.7 nm). This discrepancy has been attributed to tip-surface interactions, image feedback settings and surface chemistry. In this work, we use standard and carbon nanotube modified AFM probes and a relatively new AFM imaging mode known as PeakForce tapping mode to establish a protocol that will allow users to accurately determine the thickness of graphene films. In particular, the error in measuring the first layer is reduced from 0.1-1.3 nm to 0.1-0.3 nm. Furthermore, in the process we establish that the graphene-substrate adsorbate layer and imaging force, in particular the pressure the tip exerts on the surface, are crucial components in the accurate measurement of graphene using AFM. These findings can be applied to other 2D materials.Cameron J Shearer, Ashley D Slattery, Andrew J Stapleton, Joseph G Shapter and Christopher T Gibso
Abstract Euler Diagram Isomorphism
No full textEuler diagrams are widely used for information visualization and form the basis of a variety of formal languages that are used to express constraints in computing. Tools to automatically generate and layout these diagrams from an abstract description have to overcome the fact that this problem is computationally difficult. We develop a theory of isomorphism of diagram descriptions and identify invariants of these descriptions under isomorphism. We can apply this theory to improve the efficiency of the generation of all abstract descriptions (up to isomorphism). We can also consider the production and use of libraries of diagrams with nice visual properties: by providing a normal form for the abstract descriptions we can improve efficiency of searches for isomorphic diagrams within such libraries and, moreover, utilize invariants for further efficiency savings. We produce an implementation of the theory and give an indication of the efficiency improvements
Properties of Euler Diagrams
No full textEuler diagrams have numerous application areas, with a large variety of languages based on them. In relation to software engineering, such areas encompass modelling and specification including from a formal perspective. In all of these application areas, it is desirable to provide tools to layout Euler diagrams, ideally in a nice way. Various notions of niceness can be correlated with certain properties that an Euler diagram may or may not possess. Indeed, the relevant layout algorithms developed to date produce Euler diagrams that have certain sets of properties, sometimes called well-formedness conditions. However, there is not a commonly agreed definition of an Euler diagram and the properties imposed on them are rarely stated precisely. In this paper, we provide a very general definition of an Euler diagram, which can be constrained in varying ways in order to match the variety of definitions that exist in the literature. Indeed, the constraints imposed correspond to properties that the diagrams may possess. A contribution of this paper is to provide formal definitions of these properties and we discuss when these properties may be desirable. Our definition of an Euler diagram and the formalization of these properties provides a general language for the Euler diagram community to utilize. A consequence of using a common language will be better integration of, and more accessible, research results
Fourteen Years of NIME: The Value and Meaning of ‘Community’ in Interactive Music Research
No full textEarlier version presented at International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression 2015, Baton Rouge. A NIME Reader 2017 version includes a newly written author commentary (“Moving Forward—Notes on Participation, Diversity and Social Mediation in the NIME Community”) and an additional expert commentary by Michael J. Lyons (NIME—A Community of Communities)
Low-temperature dielectric response of beta-alumina at 16 GHz
No full textMicrowave techniques are used to measure the dielectric response of M\sp+ beta alumina at 16 GHz for temperatures between 0.3 and 20K. (M\sp+ refers to the monovalent cations Na, K, Ag, or Li.) These measurements include cw observations of the absorption and the dispersion, and the recovery of the absorption signal following a high power pulse of microwaves. The cw measurements at 16 GHz are shown to exhibit qualitative features similar to those observed at audio frequencies (and at 10 GHz for Na) in beta alumina, which have been shown to be characteristic of highly disordered systems.In this temperature range the dielectric response in glasses is typically explained by modeling the structural disorder in terms of a broad energy independent distribution of localized atomic tunneling centers. In the case of beta alumina's unique structure this tunneling occurs within disordered planes separated by crystalline blocks of alumina. The tunneling theory has been used to explain both the frequency and temperature dependence of the observed dielectric response.We demonstrate that although the theory can be used to fit either the loss or dispersion at 16 GHz, they cannot be fit simultaneously with the same set of parameters. Since the theory predicts a linear and causal response, this indicates that the theoretical relationship between the absorption and the loss (based on the Kramers-Kronig relationships) is inconsistent with the observed results. Our measurements of the pulsed saturation recoveries, which probe the mechanism that mediates the dielectric response and therefore should clarify the problem, are shown to be inconclusive. They are, however, consistent with results obtained at radio frequencies which have been explained in terms of spectral diffusion. Finally, we demonstrate that the extension of the theory to the dielectric data above 0.5K is not supported by other low temperature properties for which the theory was originally created. This indicates either the theory needs to be modified or additional physical processes need to be included.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:09:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
9011031.pdf: 4791218 bytes, checksum: 2d61717d015a19f5d6a389b60ef013c2 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1989Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:50:53Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:23:17-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
- …
