30 research outputs found
Ergänzung und Alternative zu CAR-T-Zellen?. CAR-NK-Zellen in der Immunonkologie
No full textDie weltweiten Erfolge in der Immunonkologie mit autologen CAR(chimärer Antigen- Rezeptor)-T-Zellen verlangen aufgrund einiger Limitationen nach Optimierungen und alternativen Therapieoptionen. Allogene, gerichtete CAR-exprimierende NK-Zellen als ""Off the shelf""-Therapie in der Behandlung maligner Erkrankungen könnten diese Möglichkeit bieten und werden derzeit in ersten Studien getestet
Deutschlands Beitrag zur klinischen Forschung: Forschungskultur und politischer Gestaltungswille
No full text3037Trotz exzellenter medizinischer Forschungs¬landschaft in Deutschland gibt es etliche Hürden bei der Translation von Spitzenmedizin in klinische Studien. Dies wird im Folgenden an Hand zweier ganz unterschiedlicher Beispiele dargestellt, mRNA-Impfstoffe in der Corona-Pandemie und CAR-T-Zellen zur personalisierten Krebsmedizin. Es werden die notwendige technologische Souveränität zur automatischen Pharmaproduktion bis hin zur Schaffung veränderter politischer Rahmenbedingungen und das Fehlen von Venture Capital zur Finanzierung klinischer Studien mit Arzneimitteln für neuartige Therapien diskutiert
CAR-NK-Zellen im Einsatz der Immunonkologie
No full text218222Die adoptive Immuntherapie ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz im Kampf gegen Krebs. Nach dem großen Erfolg und ersten Erfahrungen mit der Verwendung von CAR (chimärer Antigen-Rezeptor)-T-Zellen stehen weitere Immunzellen im Fokus der Wissenschaft. NK-Zellen sind durch ihr angeborenes Potenzial zur Vernichtung von Tumorzellen sowie virusinfizierten Zellen verheißungsvolle Kandidaten. Die Ausrüstung mit einem chimären Antigen-Rezeptor kann dieses Potenzial noch verstärken. Das geringe Nebenwirkungsprofil bei allogener Gabe prädestiniert sie als "off-the-shelf"-Produkt. Die Entwicklung des Produktes und Überwindung von Tumor-Immun-Escape-Mechanismen sowie die Optimierung der Herstellung stehen aktuell im Mittelpunkt wissenschaftlicher Bemühungen. Erste Ergebnisse klinischer Studien mit CAR-NK-Zellen belegen deren Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit. Dies kann den Weg für eine weitere hocheffiziente Therapie in der Immunonkologie ebnen.4
Production and application of CAR T cells: Current and future role of Europe
No full textArt. 713401, 9 S.Rapid developments in the field of CAR T cells offer important new opportunities while at the same time increasing numbers of patients pose major challenges. This review is summarizing on the one hand the state of the art in CAR T cell trials with a unique perspective on the role that Europe is playing. On the other hand, an overview of reproducible processing techniques is presented, from manual or semi-automated up to fully automated manufacturing of clinical-grade CAR T cells. Besides regulatory requirements, an outlook is given in the direction of digitally controlled automated manufacturing in order to lower cost and complexity and to address CAR T cell products for a greater number of patients and a variety of malignant diseases.
Production and Application of CAR T Cells: Current and Future Role of Europe
No full textRapid developments in the field of CAR T cells offer important new opportunities
while at the same time increasing numbers of patients pose major challenges. This
review is summarizing on the one hand the state of the art in CAR T cell trials with a
unique perspective on the role that Europe is playing. On the other hand, an overview
of reproducible processing techniques is presented, from manual or semi-automated
up to fully automated manufacturing of clinical-grade CAR T cells. Besides regulatory
requirements, an outlook is given in the direction of digitally controlled automated
manufacturing in order to lower cost and complexity and to address CAR T cell products
for a greater number of patients and a variety of malignant diseases
Production and Application of CAR T Cells: Current and Future Role of Europe
No full textRapid developments in the field of CAR T cells offer important new opportunities
while at the same time increasing numbers of patients pose major challenges. This
review is summarizing on the one hand the state of the art in CAR T cell trials with a
unique perspective on the role that Europe is playing. On the other hand, an overview
of reproducible processing techniques is presented, from manual or semi-automated
up to fully automated manufacturing of clinical-grade CAR T cells. Besides regulatory
requirements, an outlook is given in the direction of digitally controlled automated
manufacturing in order to lower cost and complexity and to address CAR T cell products
for a greater number of patients and a variety of malignant diseases
Production and Application of CAR T Cells: Current and Future Role of Europe
No full textRapid developments in the field of CAR T cells offer important new opportunities
while at the same time increasing numbers of patients pose major challenges. This
review is summarizing on the one hand the state of the art in CAR T cell trials with a
unique perspective on the role that Europe is playing. On the other hand, an overview
of reproducible processing techniques is presented, from manual or semi-automated
up to fully automated manufacturing of clinical-grade CAR T cells. Besides regulatory
requirements, an outlook is given in the direction of digitally controlled automated
manufacturing in order to lower cost and complexity and to address CAR T cell products
for a greater number of patients and a variety of malignant diseases
Genetic transformation and siRNA-Mediated gene silencing for aphid resistance in tomato
No full text© The Author(s).We explored the ability of RNA interference (RNAi) to silence the Acetylcholinesterase 1 (Ace 1) gene in aphid Myzus persicae and developed transgenic tomato plants resistant to aphid infestation. Three plasmid constructs, T-449: a single Ace 1 fragment (forward orientation), T-452: two Ace 1 fragments (reverse and forward orientations), and T455: a single inverted Ace 1 fragment, were developed and transformed into two tomato cultivars, Jamila and Tomaland. PCR, northern blotting, and small interfering RNAs (siRNA) analysis were performed to validate the success of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The efficiency of transformation was highest for the T-452 construct. In vivo effects of the transformed constructs were confirmed in feeding experiments, and there was significant downregulation of the Ace 1 gene. In addition, an aphid challenge assay was conducted to investigate the siRNA-mediated silencing of the target gene (Ace 1) in the inhibition of fecundity in M. persicae. We found that the plants that were transformed with the T-452 vector had 37.5% and 26.4% lower fecundity at 27 °C in the Jamila and Tomaland, respectively. Our results strongly indicated that the plant-mediated silencing of aphid-RNA might be a robust and effective approach for developing pest and disease resistant in plantsThis project was funded by the National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Award Number 12-BIO2919-02.Peer reviewe
Sylvia speciosa Temminck
No full text[<i>Sylvia speciosa</i> Temminck] <p> <i>Sylvia speciosa</i> (ex Wied ms) Temminck (in Temminck and Laugier 1820 –1839), 1824, livraison 49, pl. 293, fig. 2 (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).</p> <p> Now <i>Conirostrum speciosum speciosum</i> (Temminck, 1824). See Wied, 1831: 710; Allen, 1889: 217; Hellmayr, 1935: 314–316; Lowery and Monroe, 1968: 82–83, Dickinson, 2001: 46, Dickinson, 2003: 815, Dekker and Quaiser, 2006: 37; and Hilty, 2011: 261.</p> <p> Temminck (1824: livr. 49, pl. 293, fig. 2) based his name, <i>Sylvia speciosa,</i> on a Wied manuscript name and pictured it in plate 293, figure 2. A specimen, RMNH 90238, is considered the holotype of <i>speciosa</i> (Dekker and Quaiser, 2006: 37). Wied was generous in sending specimens to Temminck, already labeled with the names he intended to give them. Because Wied’s own publication was delayed for many years, Temminck’s use of some of the names Wied had written on his labels made Temminck the author of those names. In the description of <i>speciosa</i>, Temminck credits ‘‘P. Max’’ (5 Prince Maximilian) with the name. It seems logical that Temminck would have deposited the specimen used for the illustration in RMNH, where he was the director.</p> <p> However, AMNH 4352, male (on Wied label), collected in ‘‘Brasilia,’’ by Maximilian, Prince of Wied, was considered by Allen (1889: 217) to be the specimen used by Temminck for his illustration, but he credited Wied (1831: 708) with the description. This cannot be correct, as Temminck’s description came out seven years prior to Wied’s publication. Wied (1831: 710) said ‘‘ <i>Temminck</i> giebt, nach dem von mir ihm mitgetheilten Exemplare, eine ziemlich gute Abbildung dieser Species, wo aber die Beine und der Schnabel unrichtig colorirt sind.’’ This implies that Wied sent Temminck more than one specimen, and the type status of the AMNH specimen is unresolved.</p> <p>Allen (1889: 217) gave the collecting locality of the AMNH specimen as Rio de Janeiro, but that is the locality given by Temminck for the specimen he used. The locality on the Wied label on AMNH 4352 is given as ‘‘Brasilia’’ as is usual on Wied’s labels. Wied (1831: 709–710) said that the species was not rare around Rio de Janeiro and that later he had found it the province of Bahia, in the area of Angicos. Thus, it is not certain where the AMNH specimen was collected. The Wied label bears the number ‘‘139’’ written in pencil and of unknown significance. Allen did not find this species listed in Wied’s catalog.</p> <p>Hellmayr (1935: 314) refers to Wied (1831: 710), and says the type is in AMNH, probably basing this on Allen. AMNH 4352 remains in the type collection because it bears the type label added by Allen, but another label has been added to indicate that its status is unresolved.</p> <p>Dickinson (2001) has studied the publication dates of the various livraisons of Temminck and has shown that 1824 is the correct date for livraison 49.</p> <p> The genus <i>Conirostrum</i> was included by Lowery and Monroe (1968: 82) as a genus incertae sedis in the Parulidae. It is usually now included in the Thraupidae (Dickinson, 2003: 815).</p>Published as part of <i>LeCroy, Mary, 2013, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 11. Passeriformes: Parulidae, Drepanididae, Vireonidae, Icteridae, Fringillinae, Carduelinae, Estrildidae, And Viduinae, pp. 1-155 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (381)</i> on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.1206/832.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4611863">http://zenodo.org/record/4611863</a>
Technologien und Lösungsansätze für die effiziente Herstellung von Zelltherapeutika für die CAR-Immuntherapie
No full text123137Die dynamischen Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der zellulären Immuntherapie, insbesondere im Bereich der CAR-T-Zellen, ermöglichen neue Erfolg versprechende Behandlungsoptionen von Krebserkrankungen. Zugleich stellen diese noch jungen Krebstherapien die Medizin vor große Herausforderungen. Wie die Herstellung von zellulären Krebstherapeutika im großen Maßstab zur Versorgung der wachsenden Patientenzahl in der Zukunft gewährleistet werden kann und welche Hürden es dabei zu überwinden gilt, wird im Folgenden adressiert. Erste Optionen zur automatisierten Herstellung von CAR-T-Zellen sind bereits etabliert. Um zukünftig die Behandlung großer Patientengruppen zu gewährleisten, sind neue Herstellungstechnologien wie allogene Zellquellen, digital gesteuerte Prozessstraßen und automatische Qualitätskontrollen erforderlich
