2,460 research outputs found
OncoLog, Volume 48, Number 01, January 2003
Get PDFPutting an End to the Waiting: Diagnosis Clinic Finds Answers for Patients When Cancer Is Suspected The Center for Research on Minority Health: Working with the Community to End Health Disparities Collaboration Between M. D. Anderson, University of Puerto Rico to Address Cancer in Minority Populations House Call: Diagnostic Imaging Tests: How They Work and What to Expecthttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/oncolog/1113/thumbnail.jp
Upregulation of Polyamine Transport in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Get PDFFunding: M.C. was funded by CONACyT, Mexico with the PhD scholarship 237771/411030. Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Mark Burns of Aminex Therapeutics for kindly providing the AMXT compounds and P.M. Woster from Medical University of South Carolina for DFMO and Gary Cameron for LC-MS analyes Author Contributions: M.C. and H.M.W. designed the study. M.C. performed the experiments, interpreted the data and wrote the manuscript. H.M.W. interpreted the data and revised the manuscript. Conceptualisation, Heather M Wallace; funding acquisition, Heather M Wallace; investigation, Misael Corral; methodology, Misael Corral and Heather M Wallace; resources, H.M.W.; supervision, H.M.W.; validation, M.C.; visualisation, M.C.; writing—original draft, M.C.; writing—review and editing, H.M.W.. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Peer reviewe
Institutional Racism and the Dynamics of Privilege in Public Health
No full textInstitutional racism, a pattern of differential access to material resources and power determined by race, advantages one sector of the population while disadvantaging another. Such racism is not only about conspicuous acts of violence but can be carried in the hold of mono-cultural perspectives. Overt state violation of principles contributes to the backdrop against which much less overt yet insidious violations occur. New Zealand health policy is one such mono-cultural domain. It is dominated by western bio-medical discourses that preclude and under-value Māori, the indigenous peoples of this land, in the conceptualisation, structure, content, and processes of health policies, despite Te Tiriti o Waitangi guarantees to protect Māori interests.
Since the 1980s, the Department of Health has committed to honouring the Treaty of Waitangi as the founding document of Māori-settler relationships and governance arrangements. Subsequent Waitangi Tribunal reports, produced by an independent Commission of Inquiry have documented the often-illegal actions of successive governments advancing the interests of Pākehā at the expense of Māori. Institutional controls have not prevented inequities between Māori and non-Māori across a plethora of social and economic indicators.
Activist scholars work to expose and transform perceived inequities. My research interest lies in how Crown Ministers and officials within the public health sector practice institutional racism and privilege and how it can be transformed. Through dialogue with Māori working within the health sector, fuelled by critical analysis and strategic advice from a research whānau (family) of Māori health leaders and a Pākehā Tiriti worker, and embracing the traditions of feminist and critical race theory I provide evidence of racism that can invoke strong emotional reactions. More disturbing is its normalisation to nigh imperceptibility within ones personal and professional life. The exposure of racism as a socially created phenomenon is a strength of the research presented here.
My action orientation is my ethical response. Honouring Te Tiriti o Waitangi is a pathway to transforming racism. Such change is likely to be resisted by the Pākehā majority. This anticipated resistance is not a credible reason to weaken responsibility for such necessary change. Transforming institutional racism needs to be driven by senior managers, professional bodies, unions, and by communities. Policies, practices and leadership that enable institutional racism need to be systematically eliminated from the health sector. Crown officials must be supported to strengthen their professional accountabilities and to embrace ethical bicultural practice. Greater transparency could enable more effective monitoring of Crown behaviour and support transformed practice
The relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and social-emotional competence in at-risk girls
No full textLittle is known about the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and social-emotional competence in ethnic minority middle school girls. These children face a number of challenges related to their minority status, peer relationships, school transition, and entry into adolescence. School psychologists have attempted to increase the chances of success among this population by trying to build their resilience. Unfortunately, there is little prior research on the relationship between protective factors such as self-efficacy, optimism, social skills, and pro-social classroom behaviors for this unique population. A goal of this study was to generate data that would appropriately inform social and emotional interventions. This study examined the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and social-emotional competence in 16 at-risk 7th and 8th grade students over the course of one school year. A cross-lagged panel design determined the trajectory of change among self-efficacy beliefs and social-emotional competence variables over time. Crosstab and chi-square analyses examined relationships among variables on an individual level. The strongest relationships were found among the same variables over time, indicating that interventions should focus on a single skill set of concern for the greatest improvement in that skill set over time. Some data suggest a relationship between optimism and social-emotional competence, which would indicate that optimism interventions may be helpful in improving social-emotional competence for this population. Optimism may be necessary but not sufficient for improvement in social-emotional competence. Future research may benefit from examining these relationships across a longer period of time and examining how different cultural variables may impact our understanding of the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and social-emotional competence.Psy. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Heather M. Hame
Supplemental Material, LifeCourse_Visit_Framework_and_Questions_for_AJHPM - Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of LifeCourse on Utilization and Patient and Caregiver Quality of Life and Experience
No full textSupplemental Material, LifeCourse_Visit_Framework_and_Questions_for_AJHPM for Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of LifeCourse on Utilization and Patient and Caregiver Quality of Life and Experience by Heather R. Britt, Meghan M. JaKa, Karl M. Fernstrom, Paige E. Bingham, Anne E. Betzner, Jessica R. Taghon, Nathan D. Shippee, Tetyana P. Shippee, Sandra E. Schellinger, and Eric W. Anderson in American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®</p
Trainee Career Outcomes Tracking: Postdoctoral Fellows at MD Anderson as a Case Study
Get PDFhttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/ret/1000/thumbnail.jp
Using imagery to solve spatial problems
No full textThis report focuses on the use of imagery to solve a range of spatial problems. The research projects reviewed in this report offer some insight into the range of strategies used by solvers of spatial problems and point to relationships between spatial and verbal skills
Toxicological profile for dinitrotoluenes
Get PDFA Toxicological Profile for Dinitrotoluenes, Draft for Public Comment was released in April 2013. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile.Chemical manager(s)/author(s): Carolyn Harper, Nickolette Roney, Mike Fay, Selene Chou, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Atlanta, GA;Heather Carlson-Lynch, Julie M. Klotzbach, Kelly Salinas, H. Danielle Johnson, Mario Citra, SRC, Inc., North Syracuse, NY
Can screening and brief intervention lead to population-level reductions in alcohol-related harm?
No full textA distinction is made between the clinical and public health justifications for screening and brief intervention (SBI) against hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. Early claims for a public health benefit of SBI derived from research on general medical practitioners' (GPs') advice on smoking cessation, but these claims have not been realized, mainly because GPs have not incorporated SBI into their routine practice. A recent modeling exercise estimated that, if all GPs in England screened every patient at their next consultation, 96% of the general population would be screened over 10 years, with 70-79% of excessive drinkers receiving brief interventions (BI); assuming a 10% success rate, this would probably amount to a population-level effect of SBI. Thus, a public health benefit for SBI presupposes widespread screening; but recent government policy in England favors targeted versus universal screening, and in Scotland screening is based on new registrations and clinical presentation. A recent proposal for a national screening program was rejected by the UK National Health Service's National Screening Committee because 1) there was no good evidence that SBI led to reductions in mortality or morbidity, and 2) a safe, simple, precise, and validated screening test was not available. Even in countries like Sweden and Finland, where expensive national programs to disseminate SBI have been implemented, only a minority of the population has been asked about drinking during health-care visits, and a minority of excessive drinkers has been advised to cut down. Although there has been research on the relationship between treatment for alcohol problems and population-level effects, there has been no such research for SBI, nor have there been experimental investigations of its relationship with population-level measures of alcohol-related harm. These are strongly recommended. In this article, conditions that would allow a population-level effect of SBI to occur are reviewed, including their political acceptability. It is tentatively concluded that widespread dissemination of SBI, without the implementation of alcohol control measures, might have indirect influences on levels of consumption and harm but would be unlikely on its own to result in public health benefits. However, if and when alcohol control measures were introduced, SBI would still have an important role in the battle against alcohol-related harm
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