84,613 research outputs found
Poxyaibamberus Andersen & Dantas, gen. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) from Brazil
No full textPoxyaibamberus Andersen & Dantas, gen. nov. is erected based on the males of two species, P. jamanximensis Andersen & Dantas, sp. nov. from Jamanxim National Park, Pará State, Brazil, and P. ubajarensis Andersen & Dantas, sp. nov. from Ubajara National Park, Ceará State, Brazil. Both species have a comparatively short and wide head, with large eyes and short, five-segmented palps; a strong subapical seta on the ultimate flagellomere; scalpellate acrostichals; no setae on the wing veins except for one seta on the brachiolum; a long costal extension; and a large triangular anal point and a very long heel on the gonostylus. The systematic position of the new genus is briefly discussed
Running distance (m) on the three Andersen tests (mean (SD)).
No full text<p>Running distance (m) on the three Andersen tests (mean (SD)).</p
AUDIT FIRM REPUTATION, AUDITOR SWITCHES, AND CLIENT STOCK PRICE REACTIONS: THE ANDERSEN EXPERIENCE
No full textThe financial scandal surrounding the collapse of Enron caused erosion in the reputation of its auditor, Andersen, leading to concerns about Andersen’s ability to continue in existence and ultimately its demise. In this paper we investigate the timing of switch by former Andersen’s clients. We find that the timing of the switch is related to variables hypothesized to be associated with the cost of switch. Specifically these are client size, auditor industry specialization, provision of non-audit services, auditor tenure, quality of earnings and financial distress In addition we find that clients with the greatest market losses attributable to disclosures pertaining to Andersen’s audit of Enron, and strongest corporate governance were more likely to switch early, while those with the strongest ties to Andersen were more likely to delay switching. We also find that clients switching from Andersen experienced positive abnormal returns during the three-day window surrounding the announcement. Importantly we find this positive return to be greater for clients with greater prior losses.Auditor Reputation, Auditor Change, Arthur Andersen, Enron
Eight stories from Andersen
No full textEIGHT STORIES FROM ANDERSEN
Eight stories from Andersen ([iii])
Binding ( - )
Endsheet ([i])
Title page ([iii])
Preface. ([v])
Contents. ( - )
I. Die kleine Seejungfer. ([1])
II. Das häßliche, junge Entlein. (32)
III. Die Nachtigall. (46)
IV. Die wilden Schwäne. (60)
V. Der Schatten. (82)
VI. Des Kaisers neue Kleider. (100)
VII. Der standhafte Zinnsoldat. (106)
VIII. Ib und Christinchen. (112)
Notes. ([129])
I. Die kleine Seejungfer. ([129])
II. Das häßliche, junge Entlein. (142)
III. Die Nachtigall. (148)
IV. Die wilden Schwäne. (152)
V. Der Schatten. (157)
VI. Des Kaisers neue Kleider. (161)
VII. Der standhafte Zinnsoldat. (162)
VIII. Ib und Christinchen. (163)
Vocabulary, And Index To The Notes. ([167])
A (168)
B (173)
C (177)
D (178)
E (180)
F (184)
G (186)
H (191)
I (i) (196)
I (j) (197)
K (197)
L (200)
M (202)
N (204)
O (206)
P (206)
Q (208)
R (208)
S (209)
T (216)
U (218)
V (220)
W (223)
Z (226)
Section (1)
Binding ( - )
Section ( -
Gravatamberus Mendes & Andersen 2008, gen. n.
No full textKey to the males of <i>Gravatamberus</i> gen. n. <p>1. Cell m with less than 10 (1–7) setae proximal to RM..................................................................................2</p> <p>- Cell m with more than 10 (13–33) setae proximal to RM............................................................................3</p> <p> 2. Costal extension 68–86 µm long, ending well before wing tip; inferior volsella apically without free lobe. Costa Rica, Mexico............................................................................................................... <i>G.curtus</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p> <p> - Costal extension about 150 µm long, ending close to wing tip; inferior volsella apically with short free lobe. Venezuela.................................................................................................................. <i>G. apicalus</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p> <p> 3. Costal extension ending well before wing tip. Brazil................................................... <i>G. nidularium</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p> <p>- Costal extension ending close to wing tip....................................................................................................4</p> <p> 4. AR 0.26. Guatemala................................................................................................ <i>G. guatemaltecus</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p> <p> - AR 0.74–0.84. Chile............................................................................................................ <i>G.pilosus</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Andersen, Trond, 2008, A review of Antillocladius Saether and Litocladius Mendes, Andersen et Saether, with the description of two new Neotropical genera (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), pp. 1-75 in Zootaxa 1887 (1)</i> on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1887.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5133869">http://zenodo.org/record/5133869</a>
Antillocladius folius Mendes, Andersen et Saether
No full text<i>Antillocladius folius</i> Mendes, Andersen <i>et</i> Saether <p> <i>Antillocladius folius</i> Mendes, Andersen <i>et</i> Saether, 2004: 34.</p> <p> <b>Material examined. BRAZIL:</b> Rio de Janeiro State, Penedo, 22°24.652'S 44°33.217'W, 3 males, 468 m a.s.l., 18– 19.xii.2009, light trap and net, H.F. Mendes leg (ZMBN, MZUSP).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This is one of the most widespread of the Brazilian <i>Antillocladius</i> species, previously recorded from Santa Catarina north up to Sergipe (Mendes & Pinho 2011). This is the first record from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia and its vicinity in Rio de Janeiro State. See <i>A. anandae</i> <b>sp. n.</b> for a list of sympatric <i>Antillocladius</i> species.</p>Published as part of <i>Mendes, Humberto F., Andersen, Trond & Hagenlund, Linn K., 2011, New species and records of Antillocladius Saether and Litocladius Mendes, Andersen et Saether from Brazil and Costa Rica (Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), pp. 39-51 in Zootaxa 2915</i> on page 44, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/200756">10.5281/zenodo.200756</a>
The Andersen Aerobic Fitness Test: reliability and validity in 10-year-old children
No full text© 2014 Aadland et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Background: High aerobic fitness is consistently associated with a favorable metabolic risk profile in children. Direct measurement of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) is often not feasible, thus indirect tests such as the Andersen test are required in many settings. The present study seeks to determine the reliability and validity of the Andersen test in 10-year-old children.
Methods: A total of 118 10-year-old children (67 boys and 51 girls) were recruited from one school and performed four VO2peak tests over three weeks: three Andersen tests (indirect) and one continuous progressive treadmill test (direct). Of these, 104 children provided valid data on all Andersen tests and 103 children also provided valid data on the direct treadmill test. Reliability and validity were assessed using Bland Altman plots and linear regression analysis.
Results: Bias (mean change) and random error (limits of agreement) were 26.7±125.2 m for test 2 vs. test 1 (p<.001 for mean difference) and 3.9±88.8 m for test 3 vs. test 2 (p = .514 for mean difference). The equation to estimate VO2peak suggested by Andersen et al. (2008) showed a poor fit in the present sample; thus, we suggest a new equation: VO2peak = 23.262+0.050*Andersen distance –3.858*gender –0.376*body weight (R2 = 0.61, standard error of the estimate = 5.69, p<.001, boys = 0, girls = 1).
Conclusions: The Andersen test provided reliable and valid data on a group level. However, a substantial degree of individual variability was found for estimates of VO2peak. Researchers should be aware of the amount of noise in indirect tests that estimate aerobic fitness.Seksjon for idrettsmedisinske fag / Department of Sports Medicin
Onconeura undecimata Andersen & Saether, 2005, new species
No full text<i>Onconeura undecimata</i> new species <p>(Figs. 1 A–H, 2A–I, 3A–E)</p> <p> <i>Type material</i>. Holotype male, CHILE: Region VI, Rio Mataquito west of Curico, 34°59.393'S, 71° 25.913W, 150 m a.s.l., 18.xi.1998, net, T. Andersen (ZMBN Type no. 290). <i>Paratypes:</i> Allotype female, Region Metropolitana, Cajon del Maipo, Puente el Yeso, 33°47.127'S, 70°13.625'W, 1.842 m a.s.l., 16.ii.1999, net, T. Andersen; 3 males as for holotype; 7 mature male pupae, 5 mature female pupae, 89 pupal exuviae as for holotype, except driftnet; 14 males as for allotype; 8 males as for allotype, except 26.i.1996; 41 pupal exuviae, Region Metropolitana, Cajon del Maipo, Rio Vulcan at Los Valdes, 33°49.682'S, 70° 03.260W, 1.924 m a.s.l., 10.xi.1998, driftnet, T. Andersen; 17 pupal exuviae, Region VI, Rio Claro south of Molina, 35°09.171'S, 71°17.054'W, 212 m a.s.l., 18.xi.1998, driftnet, T. Andersen.</p> <p> <i>Diagnostic characters</i>.The imagines are separable from those of <i>O. semifimbriata</i> by having 11 flagellomeres in the male, larger size, and darker coloration without distinctly ringed legs. The pupa is distinguished by having a reduced frontal seta, larger hooklets on tergal conjunctives, and anal lobe with 16–21 taeniae in the fringe, of which the anterior ones are short and spine­like and the preapical ones very long.</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>. From the Latin <i>undecim</i>, eleven, and the suffix ­ <i>atus</i>, equipped with, referring to the eleven flagellomeres.</p> <p> <i>Male imago</i> (<i>n</i> = 10)</p> <p>Total length 1.68–2.09, 2.88 mm. Wing length 0.90–1.18, 1.08 mm. Total length/wing length 1.69–1.87, 1.75. Wing length/length of profemur 2.71–2.98, 2.87. Thorax yellowish brown with blackish brown vittae, scutellum, postnotum, preepisternum, parts of anterior and median anepisternum II and part of epimeron II. Legs with pale trochanter and in most specimens slightly paler basiventral parts of femora and median parts of hind tibia and hind metatarsus.</p> <p>Head (Fig. 1 A). AR 0.60–0.71, 0.66. With 11 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere 195–263, 231 m long (Fig. 1 C). Temporal setae 3–5, 4; including 1 inner vertical, 1–2, 2 outer verticals and 1–2, 1 postorbital. Clypeus with 10–16, 12 setae. Tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump as in Fig. 1 B. Tentorium 116–158, 141 m long; 19–34, 26 m wide. Stipes 90–120, 110 m long; 26–38, 29 m wide. Palpomere lengths (in m): 26–41, 35; 34–45, 40; 60–75, 69; 83–109, 96; 109–141, 124. Third palpomere with 1 sensilla clavata.</p> <p>Thorax (Fig. 1 D). Antepronotum with 4–7, 6 setae. Dorsocentrals 12–19, 15; prealars 3, supraalar 1. Scutellum with 6–8, 7 setae.</p> <p>Wing (Fig. 1 F). VR 1.68–1.83, 1.75. Clavus 26–45, 35 µm wide; ending 128–169, 153 µm from arculus; with 0–1, 1 seta at apex.</p> <p>Legs (Fig. 1 E). Spur of front tibia 34–41, 38 m long; spurs of middle tibia 23–28, 25 and 13–19, 18 m long; of hind tibia 38–49, 45 and 17–23, 21 m long. Width at apex of front tibia 28–34, 31; of middle tibia 26–34, 31 m; of hind tibia 34–39, 37 m. Length (in m) and proportions of legs as in Table 1.</p> <p>Hypopygium (Fig. 1 G–H). Tergite IX with 12–21, 17 minute setae; laterosternite IX with 2–3, 3 setae. Phallapodeme 49–56, 53 m long; transverse sternapodeme 30–53, 40 m long. Gonocoxite 109–143, 124 m long; superior volsella 8–15, 11 m wide, barely joined basally. Gonostylus 49–60, 56 m long; megaseta 9–11, 10 m long. HR 2.18–2.38, 2.24; HV 3.06–3.73, 3.38.</p> <p> <i>Female imago</i> (<i>n</i> = 1, except when otherwise stated)</p> <p>Total length 1.73 mm. Wing length 0.98 mm. Total length/wing length 1.77. Wing length/length of profemur 3.04. Coloration patterns as in male, but slightly more pale.</p> <p> Head (Fig. 2 A). AR 0.38–0.53, 0.46 (5). Flagellomere lengths (in m, <i>n</i> = 5): 38–45, 44; 26–36, 34; 30–36, 34; 34–36, 35; 38–64, 57. Temporal setae 4–5 (2), including 1–2 (2) inner verticals, 2–3 (2) outer verticals, and 1 (2) postorbital. Clypeus with 11–15, 13 (4) setae. Tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump as in Fig. 2 B. Tentorium 101 m long, 15 m wide. Stipes 105 m long, 26 m wide. Palpomere lengths (in m): 34, 34, 60, 90, 128.</p> <p>Thorax (Fig. 2 C). Antepronotum with 5 setae. Dorsocentrals 11–15, 13 (4); prealars 3 (2), supraalar 1 (2). Scutellum with 4–6 (2) setae.</p> <p>Wing (Fig. 2 D). VR 1.74. Clavus 30 µm wide, ending 203 µm from arculus; with 10 setae.</p> <p>Legs. Spur of front tibia 30 m long, spurs of middle tibia 23 long and lost, of hind tibia 41 and 15 m long. Width at apex of front tibia 30 m, of both middle and hind tibia 34 m. Length (in m) and proportions of legs as in Table 2.</p> <p>Abdomen. Number of setae on tergite I 8, on each of tergites II–VI 5–7, on VII 4, on VIII 5. Sternite I bare, sternites II–VII with or without 1–2 (3) stronger median seta and with 2 weak posterolateral setae, sternite VIII with 4–8, 7 (5) setae.</p> <p> Genitalia (<i>n</i> = 6, Fig. 2 E–I). Gonocoxite with 4–6, 5 setae. Tergite IX with 11–15, 13 setae. Cercus 71–105, 82 m long. Seminal capsules 49–56, 54 m long; 38–45, 42 m wide. Notum 43–68, 56 m long.</p> <p> <i>Pupa</i> (<i>n</i> = 9–10, except when otherwise stated) Total length 2.32–2.66, 2.47 mm.</p> <p>Cephalothorax. Frontal setae (Fig. 3 A) taeniate 19–30, 25 µm long; on 11–13, 12 µm high, 9–11, 10 µm wide tubercle. Longest precorneal seta 94–113, 98 µm long; other precorneals and lateral antepronotals less than 40 µm long. Median antepronotals 75–113, 94 µm (4) long; and 38–75, 55 µm (5) long. Anterior dorsocentral (Dc1) 56–75, 65 µm long; Dc2 34–60, 45 µm; Dc 3 11–38, 27 µm (8); Dc4 75­124, 104 (7) µm long and taeniate. Distances (in µm): Dc1­Dc 2 6­15, 10; Dc2­Dc3 124­176, 149, Dc3­Dc 4 4–30, 10. Wing sheath (Fig. 3 B) with 5–7, 6 rows of pearls.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 3 C–D). Shagreen and chaetotaxy as in generic diagnosis. Anal lobe (Fig. 3 E) 91–221, 209 µm long; with 16–21, 18 taeniae; anterior 3–7, 4 taeniae spine­like, preapical taeniae very long, up to 188–345, 290 µm in length; anal lobe in addition with 1– 3, 2 apical spines. Anal macroseta 56–124, 75 µm long. Median seta 131–206, 171 µm long. Apex of genital sac of male 19–30, 22 µm (5) short of apex of anal lobe; female 49– 64, 55 µm short.</p> <p> <i>Ecology and distribution</i>. The species has been collected from rivers in central Chile, from 150 meters up to nearly 2000 meters altitude in the western slopes of the Andes. The species can be very abundant in water channels along the larger rivers when they cross the central valley in Chile, and it has also been taken in smaller, faster flowing rivers with gravel and stony substrate in the foothills of the Andes.</p>Published as part of <i>Andersen, Trond & Saether, Ole A., 2005, Onconeura, a new Neotropical orthoclad genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 957</i> on pages 7-13, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/171214">10.5281/zenodo.171214</a>
Gravatamberus curtus Mendes & Andersen 2008, sp. n.
No full text<i>Gravatamberus curtus</i> sp. n. <p>(Figs 48–52)</p> <p> <b>Type material:</b> Holotype male, <b>MEXICO: Campeche:</b> Calakmul, Ejido Novo Becan, El Chorro, 18º35’25.5’’N, 89º15’28.8’’W, 130 m a.s.l., 30.iv.1997, Malaise trap, A. Contreras-Ramos <i>et al.</i> (ZMBN). Paratypes: 2 males, <b>COSTA RICA: Guanacaste:</b> Caccao, 4–7.v.1993, Malaise trap, T. Andersen (MZUSP, ZMBN).</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic characters:</b> The species can be separated from all other members of the genus by having less than 10 setae in cell m proximal to RM; Sc with 6–15 setae; costal extension 68–86 µm long, ending well before wing tip; and AR 0.64–0.69.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> From Latin, <i>curtus</i>, meaning short, referring to the short costal extension.</p> <p> <b>Male</b> (n = 1–3). Total length 1.29–1.43 mm. Wing length 0.71–0.84 mm. Total length / wing length 1.63– 1.81. Wing length / length of profemur 2.43–2.68. Coloration brown; thorax light brown with darker markings on preepisternum, median anepisternum and notum; legs and tarsi uniformly light brown.</p> <p> <i>Head.</i> AR 0.64–0.69. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere 173–187 µm long, stout subapical seta 32–50 µm long. Temporal setae 8–10, including 3–4 inner verticals, 2–3 outer verticals, and 3–4 postorbitals. Clypeus with 8–11 setae. Tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump as in Figure 48. Tentorium 61–73 µm long, 11–13 µm wide. Stipes 84–86 µm long. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 14–16, 20–23, 57–61, 57–68, 75–116. Third palpomere with 2 sensilla clavata subapically, longest 9–11 µm long.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i> (Fig. 49). Antepronotum with 1–3 setae. Dorsocentrals 8–13; acrostichals 7–14, all scalpellate; prealars 4–7, extended anteriorly; supraalar 1. Scutellum with 2 setae.</p> <p> <i>Wing</i> (Fig. 50). VR 1.33–1.41. C extension 68–86 µm long. Brachiolum with 1 seta, Sc with 6–15 seta, C extension with 7–8 non-marginal setae, R with 10–17 setae, R 1 with 6–8 setae, R 4+5 with 5–18 setae, M 1+2 with 23–35 setae, M 3+4 with 8–17 setae, Cu with 10–13 setae, Cu 1 with 6–11 setae, PCu with 16–24 setae, An with 10–14 setae. Cell m with 1–7 setae, r 4+5 with about 75–100 setae, m 1+2 with about 60–90 setae, m 3+4 with 15–49 setae, cu with 0–19 setae, and an with 11–58 setae.</p> <p> <i>Legs.</i> Spur of foretibia 27–32 µm long, spurs of midtibia 20–29 µm and 14–16 µm long, spurs of hind tibia 32–36 µm and 14–18 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 20 µm, of midtibia 20–23 µm, of hind tibia 25– 27 µm. Comb with 11 setae, longest 23–34 µm, shortest 14–20 µm long. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 9.</p> <p> <i>Hypopygium</i> (Figs 51–52). Tergite IX with 0–2 setae, laterosternite IX with 3–5 setae. Phallapodeme 52– 59 µm long, transverse sternapodeme 43–61 µm long. Gonocoxite 95–111 µm long. Gonostylus 50–54 µm long, megaseta 4–9 µm long. HR 1.91–2.04, HV 2.48–2.62.</p> <p> <b>Biology and distribution:</b> The species is known from Mexico and Costa Rica where males were collected in Malaise traps. In Mexico it was taken in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, a large lowland rainforest reserve on the Yucatan Peninsula. In Costa Rica it was taken in a mountain rainforest in the Guanacaste Province</p>Published as part of <i>Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Andersen, Trond, 2008, A review of Antillocladius Saether and Litocladius Mendes, Andersen et Saether, with the description of two new Neotropical genera (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), pp. 1-75 in Zootaxa 1887 (1)</i> on pages 45-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1887.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5133869">http://zenodo.org/record/5133869</a>
andersen-lab/ivar: v1.4
No full textRemoved excess insertionSort calls in PR #155 to address speed issues in ivar trim from issue #154 and issue #147 introduced in previous version ivar 1.3.2.
ivar trim now uses binary search to get overlapping primers (PR #155). This along with passing primers by reference to get_overlapping_primers() leads to a speedup of ~45% over ivar version 1.3.1.
Default -m min_length setting for ivar trim is now set to 50% of the average length of the first 1000 reads as requested in issue #143
Alignment file (Sorted/Unsorted SAM/BAM) can now be piped into ivar trim. Further, if no prefix using -p is specified, ivar trim will output trimmed SAM to stdout. This enables going from alignment to consensus using a one-liner. For example,
bwa mem idx read1.fq reads2.fq | ivar trim -b test.bed -x 3 -m 30 | samtools sort - | samtools mpileup -aa -A -Q 0 -d 0 - | ivar consensus -p test_consensus -m 10 -n N -t 0.
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