307 research outputs found
Online_Appendix – Supplemental material for United in States of Dissatisfaction: Confirmation Bias Across the Partisan Divide
No full textSupplemental material, Online_Appendix for United in States of Dissatisfaction: Confirmation Bias Across the Partisan Divide by Amy E. Lerman and Daniel Acland in American Politics Research</p
sj-docx-1-pun-10.1177_14624745221087702 - Supplemental material for Transformational learning and identity shift: Evidence from a campus behind bars
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pun-10.1177_14624745221087702 for Transformational learning and identity shift: Evidence from a campus behind bars by Amy E Lerman and Meredith Sadin in Punishment & Society</p
sj-docx-1-cjb-10.1177_00938548211037718 – Supplemental material for Prisons and Mental Health: Violence, Organizational Support, and the Effects of Correctional Work
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cjb-10.1177_00938548211037718 for Prisons and Mental Health: Violence, Organizational Support, and the Effects of Correctional Work by Amy E. Lerman, Jessie Harney and Meredith Sadin in Criminal Justice and Behavior</p
Good enough for government work the public reputation crisis in America (and what we can do to fix it)
No full textAmerican government is in the midst of a reputation crisis. An overwhelming majority of citizens - Republicans and Democrats alike - hold negative perceptions of the government and believe it is wasteful, inefficient, and doing a generally poor job managing public programs and providing public services. When social problems arise, Americans are therefore skeptical that the government has the ability to respond effectively. It's a serious problem, argues Amy E. Lerman, and it will not be a simple one to fix. With Good Enough for Government Work, Lerman uses surveys, experiments, and public opinion data to argue persuasively that the reputation of government is itself an impediment to government's ability to achieve the common good. In addition to improving its efficiency and effectiveness, government therefore has an equally critical task: countering the belief that the public sector is mired in incompetence. Lerman takes readers through the main challenges. Negative perceptions are highly resistant to change, she shows, because we tend to perceive the world in a way that confirms our negative stereotypes of government - even in the face of new information. Those who hold particularly negative perceptions also begin to "opt out" in favor of private alternatives, such as sending their children to private schools, living in gated communities, and refusing to participate in public health insurance programs. When sufficient numbers of people opt out of public services, the result can be a decline in the objective quality of public provision. Lerman concludes with practical solutions for how the government might improve its reputation and roll back current efforts to eliminate or privatize even some of the most critical public service
Good Enough for Government Work The Public Reputation Crisis in America (And What We Can Do to Fix It)
No full textAmerican government is in the midst of a reputation crisis. An overwhelming majority of citizens-Republicans and Democrats alike-hold negative perceptions of the government and believe it is wasteful, inefficient, and doing a generally poor job managing public programs and providing public services. When social problems arise, Americans are therefore skeptical that the government has the ability to respond effectively. It's a serious problem, argues Amy E. Lerman, and it will not be a simple one to fix. With Good Enough for Government Work, Lerman uses surveys, experiments, and public opinion data to argue persuasively that the reputation of government is itself an impediment to government's ability to achieve the common good. In addition to improving its efficiency and effectiveness, government therefore has an equally critical task: countering the belief that the public sector is mired in incompetence. Lerman takes readers through the main challenges. Negative perceptions are highly resistant to change, she shows, because we tend to perceive the world in a way that confirms our negative stereotypes of government-even in the face of new information. Those who hold particularly negative perceptions also begin to "opt out" in favor of private alternatives, such as sending their children to private schools, living in gated communities, and refusing to participate in public health insurance programs. When sufficient numbers of people opt out of public services, the result can be a decline in the objective quality of public provision. In this way, citizens' beliefs about government can quickly become a self-fulfilling prophecy, with consequences for all. Lerman concludes with practical solutions for how the government might improve its reputation and roll back current efforts to eliminate or privatize even some of the most critical public service
A Journey Shared: \u3cem\u3eA Farewell to Arms\u3c/em\u3e as Catherine Barkley’s Story
No full textDiscusses the challenges of overcoming student resistance to viewing the novel as Catherine Barkley’s story without dismissing Frederic Henry’s importance. Relying on class discussion of key passages, short essay tests, and informal response papers, Lerman articulates her strategies for encouraging a fuller understanding of Catherine’s maturation and integral role in Henry’s development. Appendix features topics for an undergraduate essay assignment incorporating research
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Arresting citizenship ::the democratic consequences of American crime control /
No full text"The numbers are staggering: One-third of America's adult population has passed through the criminal justice system and now has a criminal record. Many more were never convicted, but are nonetheless subject to surveillance by the state. Never before has the American government maintained so vast a network of institutions dedicated solely to the control and confinement of its citizens. A provocative assessment of the contemporary carceral state for American democracy, Arresting Citizenship argues that the broad reach of the criminal justice system has fundamentally recast the relation between citizen and state, resulting in a sizable--and growing--group of second-class citizens. From police stops to court cases and incarceration, at each stage of the criminal justice system individuals belonging to this disempowered group come to experience a state-within-a-state that reflects few of the country's core democratic values. Through scores of interviews, along with analyses of survey data, Amy E. Lerman and Vesla M. Weaver show how this contact with police, courts, and prisons decreases faith in the capacity of American political institutions to respond to citizens' concerns and diminishes the sense of full and equal citizenship--even for those who have not been found guilty of any crime. The effects of this increasingly frequent contact with the criminal justice system are wide-ranging--and pernicious--and Lerman and Weaver go on to offer concrete proposals for reforms to reincorporate this large group of citizens as active participants in American civic and political life." -- Publisher's description
Are employability skills learned in U.S. youth education and training programs?
No full textPublished in: Lerman IZA Journal of Labor Policy 2013, 2:6 http://www.izajolp.com/content/2/1/6Skills are a central source of high productivity and economic well-being. But what do we mean by productive skills? Both with regard to measurement and policy, the primary focus in the U.S. has been on academic skills, as measured by tests of reading, writing and math abilities and by educational attainment, including degrees completed. However, a new consensus is emerging that an array of non-academic skills and occupational skills may be at least as important for labor market success. After reviewing the evidence on respective roles of various types of skills required by employers, this paper examines the skill-enhancing effects of several youth programs and demonstrations, with an emphasis on how well these efforts raise non-academic skills directly through purposeful activities or indirectly as a result of other employment-enhancing services
Coronary microvascular dysfunction is associated with exertional haemodynamic abnormalities in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
No full textAims This study uniquely explored the relationship between coronary microvascular function and exercise haemodynamics using concurrent invasive testing. Methods and results Fifty-one consecutive patients with unexplained cardiac exertion symptoms, non-obstructive coronary artery disease and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (>50%) underwent haemodynamic exercise assessment and concurrent coronary reactivity testing. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) was defined as a pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) >= 15 mmHg at rest and/or >= 25 mmHg at peak exercise. Endothelium-independent coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) was defined as a coronary flow reserve (CFR) <= 2.5, while endothelium-dependent CMD was defined as <= 50% increase in coronary blood flow (CBF) in response to intracoronary acetylcholine infusions. Patients with HFpEF (n= 22) had significantly lower CFR (2.5 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.2 +/- 0.7;P= 0.0003) and median %CBF increase in response to intracoronary acetylcholine [1 (-35; 34) vs. 64 (-4; 133);P= 0.002] compared to patients without HFpEF (n= 29). PAWP was significantly higher in patients with endothelium-independent CMD compared to controls during both rest and exercise. This significant elevation was only present during exercise in patients with endothelium-dependent CMD compared to controls. CFR had significant inverse correlations with PAWP at rest (r = -0.31;P= 0.03) and peak exercise (r = -0.47,P= 0.001). CFR also had positive correlations with maximal exercise capacity (in W/kg) (r = 0.33,P= 0.02). Conclusions Coronary microvascular function is inversely associated with filling pressures, particularly during exercise. Both types of CMD are associated with higher filling pressures at peak exercise. These findings underscore the potential mechanism and therapeutic target for CMD and HFpEF.This work was supported by Mayo institutional funding. F.H.V. is supported by a Fellowship of the Belgian American Educational Foundation (B.A.E.F.) and by the Special Research Fund (BOF) of Hasselt University (BOF19PD04). B.A.B. is supported by RO1 HL128526.Lerman, A (corresponding author), Mayo Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
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The Role of Community Colleges in Expanding the Supply of Information Technology Workers
No full textResearch report for The Urban Institute.
This paper examines the role of community colleges in expanding the supply of information technology (IT) workers. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative methods, we find contrasting evidence on the importance of these institutions. Analysis of the 1994 and 1999 Current Population Survey and interviews with large IT employers indicate that community colleges are not adding significantly to the supply of IT workers. However, enrollment data and case studies of four community colleges suggest that students undertake a substantial amount of IT training at community colleges. While graduation rates are low, enrollment in community college IT programs is high. Moreover, there is evidence that community colleges contribute to retraining workers who are already in IT jobs, those switching to IT careers in mid-life, and those with previous bachelor’s degrees.Originally published by The Urban Institute. Copyright © May 2000 The Urban Institute
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