1,721,000 research outputs found
Two centuries of sponges (phylum Porifera) taxonomic studies in Indonesia (1820-2021): checklist and bibliography
No full textPutra, Singgih Afifa, Ambo-Rappe, Rohani, Jompa, Jamaluddin, De, Nicole J. (2023): Two centuries of sponges (phylum Porifera) taxonomic studies in Indonesia (1820-2021): checklist and bibliography. Zootaxa 5298 (1): 1-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5298.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5298.1.
Heavy metals accumulation and possible translocation in seagrass, Zostera capricorni Aschers
No full textSeagrass, Zostera capricorni was used to indicate heavy metal pollution in this study. The following hypothese were tested: (1) there will be higher concentrations of heavy metals in seagrass tissue in polluted than control locations, (2) there will be different accumulation patters of the non-essential and essential metals in different parts of seagrass (leaves vs roots/rhizomes). Seven locations were chosen along the western side of Lake Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia. Heavy metal content in the tissues of Z. capricorni was analysed. Heavy metal concentration was significantly higher in samples from the polluted location compared to controls. It appeared that leaves and roots/rhizomes of Z. capricorni were able to uptake both non-essential and essential metals from water and sediment, respectively
ASOSIASI MAKROALGA EPIFIT PADA BERBAGAI JENIS LAMUN DI KEPULAUAN SPERMONDE, SULAWESI SELATAN
No full textPenelitian ini mengenai makroalga epifit pada daun lamun.Padang lamun adalah elemen yang penting dalam mempertahankan tingkat produktivitas laut yang\ud
tinggi. Makroalga yang hidup sebagai epifit pada daun lamun adalah produser primer yang\ud
berperanan penting dalam rantai makanan pada ekosistem padang lamun. Akan tetapi, kontribusi\ud
makroalga tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh jenis lamun yang menyusun suatu padang lamun dan\ud
kondisi lingkungan dimana padang lamun tersebut berada. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan\ud
pada daerah padang lamun di delapan pulau pada Kepulauan Spermonde, Sulawesi Selatan. Tujuan\ud
penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis makroalga epifit yang berasosiasi pada berbagai\ud
jenis lamun serta mengevaluasi apakah asosiasi makrolga pada suatu jenis lamun akan berbeda jika\ud
lamun tersebut berada pada lokasi yang berbeda. Sepuluh helai daun lamun untuk setiap jenis\ud
dikumpulkan dari setiap lokasi penelitian. Daun yang dipilih adalah yang banyak dilekati oleh\ud
epifit. Makroalga epifit kemudian diserut dari permukaan daun lamun, diawetkan dengan larutan\ud
alkohol 70%, kemudian diidentifikasi sampai tingkatan species. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan\ud
menemukan 31 species makroalga epifit yang berasosiasi pada daun lamun. Tingkat kemiripan\ud
jenis makroalga epifit yang melekat pada jenis lamun yang berbeda sangat rendah (< 40%),\ud
demikian pula tingkat kemiripan jenis epifit yang berasosiasi pada jenis lamun yang sama akan\ud
tetapi menghuni lokasi perairan yang berbeda (< 15%)
Differences in richness and abundance of species assemblages in tropical seagrass beds of different structural complexity
Full text linkNoneSeagrasses are a major functioning element which maintain the high productivities of tropical marine regions. The structural role of seagrass depends largerly on the amount of material it develops above and below ground. The objective of the study is to analyse how species composition and density of seagrass beds influence associated communities of marine organisms. Seagrass beds were selected based on species composition and density. Seagrass associated flora and fauna including epiphyte, zoo- and phytoplankton, fish, and macrozoobenthic communities were compared between seagrass beds differed in its structural complexity. This study suggest that there was a variability in diversity and abundant of community assemblages in different structural complexity of seagrass. Variability of the assemblages was associated with the presence or absence of seagrass, density, and/or species composition and not specific physical-chemical features
Challenge of Restoring Seagrass Beds in Indonesia Using Seeds
Full text linkEnhalusacoroides is the climax species and the target species for restoration of seagrass in Indonesia.\ud
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We studied the feasibility of maintaining a seed stock for Enhalus restoration and studied seed germination in three types of substrata (marine sand, coral rubble, and terrestrial sand) as well as the field. We found that marine sand was the best substrate to grow for the Enhalus seed.The Enhalus grew in marine sand had the longest leaf size and roots, also the biggest root diameter. In average, the performance of the seedling in the field is promising where the survival rate is 100% in 3 months period.\ud
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However, treatment the Enhalus fruit (with the seed inside) with different length of storage and storage temperature (room and refrigerator) showed that Enhalus seeds did not survive well at longer storage period both in room temperature (~30oC) and in the refrigerator (4oC). The longest time seeds survived were2and 8 days in refrigerator and room temperature, respectively.\ud
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Survival rate in the field was also correlated with the performance of the seedling when we raised them in the laboratory. There was 87.5% survival of seedling treated with 2 days storage in refrigerator, whereas all the seedling treated with 2 to 5 days storagein room temperature can grow well in the field (100% survival). However, stored the seed up to 8 days eventhough in room temperature did not show a good survival both in laboratory and in the field (survival was less than 20%).\ud
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Our results indicate that long-term seed storage in the laboratory will not be feasible for restoration. Because using seeds for restoration is important for maintaining genetic diversity, the establishment of a seedling nursery in the field provides a viable alternative for Enhalus restoration, although it will be logistically more challenging than a seed storage bank
Variabilitas harian komunitas ikan padang lamun perairan Tanjung Tiram- Teluk Ambon Dalam
Full text linkPerairan ini dilaksanakan di perairan Tanjung Tiram - Teluk Ambon Dalam selama bulan Juni - Agustus 2012, untuk membandingkan kelimpahan dan struktur komunitas ikan padang lamun berdasarkan perbedaan siang dan malam hari. Ikan dikoleksi dengan metode sapuan menggunakan pukat pantai yang ditarik pada hamparan padang lamun sebanyak enam kali (masing-masing tiga kali mewakili siang dan malam hari). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total jumlah individu ikan sebanyak 5593 individu dari 72 spesies dan 35 famili. Siganus canaliculatus mendominasi struktur komunitas ikan baik pada siang maupun malam hari, Ostorhinchus lateralis aktif pada malam hari, dan Aeoliscus strigatus yang aktif pada siang hari. Terdapat variasi struktur komunitas ikan antara siang dan malam, dengan nilai dominansi selalu lebih tinggi pada malam hari. Sebaliknya, keanekaragaman selalu tinggi pada siang hari dan keseragaman spesies lebih stabil pada siang hari. Variabilitas kelimpahan dan struktur komunitas ikan antara siang dan malam hari selain berkaitan dengan sifat nokturnal dan diurnal, juga dipengaruhi fluktuasi parameter oseanografi. Suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut, dan pH berpengaruh positif, sedangkan kekeruhan perairan berpengaruh negatif terhadap kelimpahan ikan di ekosistem padang lamun
The effect of storage condition on viability of Enhalus acoroides seedlings
Full text linkUsing nursery stock grown from seeds rather than transplants could improve success of seagrass restoration. In Indonesia, Enhalus acoroides is the climax seagrass species and the target species for restoration. However, optimal conditions for seed storage are not known. The aim of this study was to determine optimal storage conditions for E. acoroides seeds to maximize germination and growth. Seed germination was examined under different lengths of storage and storage temperatures (room and refrigerator) for Enhalus fruits (with the seed inside). Enhalus seeds did not survive well and turned black after 2 days in the refrigerator (4 ??C). Seeds held in room temperature (???30 ??C) for 2???11 days survived and grew to seedlings. Survival of the seedlings in the field was also correlated with the performance of the seedling when raised for 10 weeks in the laboratory. Seedlings stored in refrigerator had reduced survival (87.5%) in the field compared to seedlings stored 2???5 days in room temperature (100% survival). However, seeds stored up to 8 days, even at room temperature, produced seedlings that did not survive well either in the laboratory or in the field (survival was less than 20%). Our results indicate that long-term seed storage in the laboratory will not be feasible for restoration. Because using seeds for restoration is important for maintaining genetic diversity, the establishment of a seedling nursery in the field provides a viable alternative for Enhalus restoration, although it will be logistically more challenging than a seed storage bank
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BIOMASSA DAUN LAMUN Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium DAN Halodule uninervis PADA EKOSITEM PADANG LAMUN DI PERAIRAN PULAU BARRANG LOMPO
No full textTelah dilakukan penelitian Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Biomassa Daun Lamun Halophila Ovalis, Syringodium Isoetifolium dan Halodule Uninervis pada Ekosistem Padang Lamun di Perairan Pulau Barrang Lompo. Penelitian berlangsung pada musim kemarau di Bulan Juni. Ditentukan stasiun pengamatan pada sisi selatan pulau. Penentuan lokasi penandaan berdasarkan letak ditemukannya lamun jenis yang diamati. Pengamatan produksi biomassa daun berdasarkan metode penandaan. Untuk setiap jenis lamun dilakukan tiga kali ulangan pengambilan sampel dengan luas daerah tiap ulangan diukur menggunakan transek kuadran 1x1 m. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat produksi daun lamun dan perbandingan produksi daun antar jenis lamun adalah Oneway analysis of varians (one way anova) kemudian uji lanjut dengan analysis of varians (Bonferoni). Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pertambahan tegakan lamun H. ovalis sebesar 10,3 tegakan/m2/hari. Pertumbuhan S. isoetifolium sebesar 0,37 cm/hari, dan H. uninervis sebesar 0,41 cm/hari. Biomassa daun H. ovalis sebesar 3,42 gbk/m2, S. isoetifolium 13,30 gbk/m2, dan H. uninervis sebesar 2,78 gbk/m2. Laju pertambahan produksi biomassa daun lamun H. ovalis sebesar 0,29 gbk/m2/hari, S. isoetifolium sebesar 1,06 gbk/m2/hari dan H. uninervis 0,20 gbk/m2/hari
Preferensi makanan dan daya ramban ikan baronang, Siganus canaliculatus pada berbagai jenis lamun
Full text linkIkan baronang (Siganus canaliculatus) adalah jenis ikan yang umum ditemukan di daerah padang lamun. Beberapa peneliti melaporkan bahwa ikan baronang adalah ikan herbivora yang dapat memakan lamun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan preferensi makanan dan daya ramban S. Canaliculatus terhadap berbagai jenis lamun mulai dari jenis lamun ???pioneer??? sampai ???climax???yaitu: Halophila ovalis, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, dan Enhalus accoroides. Ikan baronang berukuran seragam dikumpulkan dari perairan, dipelihara dalam akuarium beraerasi dan tidak diberi makan selama 2x24 jam. Daun lamun yang masih utuh dari setiap jenis dikumpulkan, dibersihkan dan tanpa dibersihkan dari epifit yang menempel, lalu ditimbang sebanyak 8 g untuk setiap jenis, dan diletakkan di dalam akuarium 50x50x50 cm3yang telah diisi air laut dan diaerasi. Ikan uji yang telah dipersiapkan dimasukkan ke dalam akuarium yang berisi lamun dan diamati setiap 12 jam (pola makan siang dan malam). Data selisih bobot lamun sebelum dan sesudah perlakukan 12 jam dianalisis dengan one-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa S. Canaliculatus tidak memperlihatkan preferensi makanan yang nyata terhadap jenis lamun tertentu pada siang hari. Namun, pada malam hari secara nyata menunjukkan bahwa ikan ini lebih memilih Cymodocea rotundata dan Halophila ovalis sebagai makanannya. Daya ramban S. canaliculatus terhadap beberapa jenis lamun berbeda, pada siang hari daya ramban tertinggi pada lamun jenis H. ovalis sebesar 0,063 gr.jam-1 dan terendah pada lamun jenis E. acoroides sebesar 0,008 gr.jam-1, sedangkan pada malam hari daya ramban S. canaliculatus tertinggi pada H. ovalis sebesar 0,061 gr.jam-1 dan terendah pada Thalassia hemprichii sebesar 0,007 gr.jam-1
IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF HABITAT CREATION BY ARTIFICIAL SEAGRASS: FISH COMMUNITIES ASSESSMENT
Full text linkartikel ini sdh dpresentasekan dlm kegiatan Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan ISOI November 2009 dan sdh dipublikasikan dlm Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan edisi khusus Februari 2010The aim of the research was (1) to analize the effect of artificial seagrass in order to improve marine biodiversity in term of fish community structure; (2) to analyze ecological function of artificial seagrass in comparison to natural seagrass in protecting fish community. The research was experimentally designed using two types of artificial seagrasses (polyprophilene and plastic leaves) and one experiment by replanting natural seagrass (Enahlus acoroides) as a control with three replicates. The artificial and natural seagrasses were deployed on a sand substrate with 1.5 m depth at low tide at Barranglompo Island waters. Fish observation in term of abundance and species diversity were done every two weeks in three months period. Visual sensus technique was applied to record fish. It was found 29 species of fish with dominant species namely of Pomacentridae, Labridae, Nemeptridae, and Siganidae. There was no significant difference found among experiments in terms of species diversity of fish, however, the difference was observed for fish abundance in where one type of artificial seagrass (plastic leaves) atracted more fish in comparing to others. In addition, diversity index of fish community tend to increase as the time of deployment increase and it was found that artifial seagrass showed higher fish diversity index compared to natural habitat
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