900 research outputs found
Windfall management for poverty reduction : improving public finance Management-the case of Chad
No full textThis paper aims at providing a guide to ensure efficiency in the management of Chad's windfall to support the development process and poverty reduction. The analysis is based on the lessons and experience of countries that have successfully used natural-resource-generated windfalls to launch their development process while avoiding the natural resource curse. The paper also discusses the petroleum management arrangements in place in Chad for poverty reduction. The author argues that the successful management of Chad's windfall for poverty reduction will depend on the effectiveness of oil revenue management arrangements in place in Chad and the government's willingness to improve public finance management (PFM).Public Sector Expenditure Analysis&Management,Debt Markets,,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Banks&Banking Reform
Chad Genetic Diversity Reveals an African History Marked by Multiple Holocene Eurasian Migrations
No full textUnderstanding human genetic diversity in Africa is important for interpreting the evolution of all humans, yet vast regions in Africa, such as Chad, remain genetically poorly investigated. Here, we use genotype data from 480 samples from Chad, the Near East, and southern Europe, as well as whole-genome sequencing from 19 of them, to show that many populations today derive their genomes from ancient African-Eurasian admixtures. We found evidence of early Eurasian backflow to Africa in people speaking the unclassified isolate Laal language in southern Chad and estimate from linkage-disequilibrium decay that this occurred 4,750–7,200 years ago. It brought to Africa a Y chromosome lineage (R1b-V88) whose closest relatives are widespread in present-day Eurasia; we estimate from sequence data that the Chad R1b-V88 Y chromosomes coalesced 5,700–7,300 years ago. This migration could thus have originated among Near Eastern farmers during the African Humid Period. We also found that the previously documented Eurasian backflow into Africa, which occurred ∼3,000 years ago and was thought to be mostly limited to East Africa, had a more westward impact affecting populations in northern Chad, such as the Toubou, who have 20%–30% Eurasian ancestry today. We observed a decline in heterozygosity in admixed Africans and found that the Eurasian admixture can bias inferences on their coalescent history and confound genetic signals from adaptation and archaic introgression
Editorial Comment
No full textByline: Chad R. Ritch Author Affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TennesseeAcademi
Covid-19 Data from Senegal and Chad
No full textDescription of the files containing the data on covid-19 in Senegal and Chad. They are collected and calculated by the author and are freely available under creative comon open licens
Changing alignments: meanders of the political elite in Chad
No full textAt the outset the author shows the geographical and cultural background the country. Then he describes its creation and the most significant events of the independent state. In the presentation the author emphasizes that there are many opposing views on causes and the course of the civil strife in Chad from the first years of its independence. He summarises the most common explanations and points out that they are often based on stereotypes and subjective selected facts from the History of the country. He states that in these explanations there is much truth but they have to be taken into account in their totality and not on a selective basis. The author emphasizes the role played by France in creating colonial and independent Chad and continues to be involved by many armed interventions. He points to the changeable politics of Sudan and Libya towards the republic of Chad and also to the financial and other involvement of the USA and even Israel. He also discusses the role of „social class" and „professional classes" in the conflict, the role of Marxist ideology, cultural role of traditional communities and their segmentation. He underlines that these last ones from their nature have a limited role in the creation of state structures in the European sense. He explains many complicated interpersonal relations in the internal politics of Chad. Finally he puts the question as to whether this state is capable of existing and shows admiration for the many small local structures which allows the local people to survive
progress report FY 2004-2005
No full textPI: Michael Qian, Oregon State University ; collaborators: Chad Finn, USDA-ARS HCRL, Jan-Marie Schroeder, Oregon Raspberry & Blackberry Commission.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Egypt and the Chad: Some Additional Remarks
No full textThis article is an addendum to the contribution published by the author in JAEI 2:4 (2010). It draws attention to the importance ofresearch on the connection between Egypt and the Chad region with regard to observations made on shared linguistic features, and therecent hypothesis that rock drawings at Gilf Kebir display possible precursors to Egyptian religious concepts. Also published here is away marker discovered in the 1990s on the proposed trajectory of the prolonged Abu Ballas trail into the Chad Basin.DOI:10.2458/azu_jaei_v03i4_schneide
The role of oil in economic development of the Republic of Chad
No full textThe article deals with economic evolution of the Republic of Chad that started with the acquisition of income from the project of Chad/Cameroon. The author analyzes the factors of economic growth of the Republic of Chad, including foreign trade components and, taking into account real achievements of Chad due to oil incomes, hopes that Republic of Chad will experience substantial economic development of the whole economy as well as its key sectors. It will bring about the growth of budget earnings from external economic relations and will stimulate the use of these earnings for the country social needs
Art consignment, House Bill 2708
No full textprepared by Chad W. Krepps, Law Clerk, Oregon Law Commission."Bill Approved by Oregon Law Commission at the Meeting November 29, 2010."This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Islam and Other Religions in Chad
No full textChad is a country located on the border of the three great religions of the world - Islam, Christianity and traditional religions, also known as the animism. All of them have played some significant role in the history of that country, firstly involved in the beginnings of the empires of Sahel, notorious process of slave raids, subsequently associated with colonization and growing European interests in Africa, the 20th century's civil war and finally connected to the vanguard of the „war on terror". The article presents the history of the three religions in Chad and their influence on politics and society. For several hundred years Islamic domination over the followers of the other religions has caused frictions and contention. The religious differences have indirectly been responsible for the 25-year long conflict, followed by thousands of casualties.
In the final part of the article the author depicts the contemporary state of inter-religious affairs and attitude of the government towards the religious issues. Due to some joint attempts of the government of Chad and international society, the religious differences and flashpoints are believed not to pose such a threat to peace and stability as it had been before. Despite of its unfortunate location in the „clash of civilization" region, Chad may set a good example that the peaceful co-existence of Islam and Christianity is possible
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