36 research outputs found
Review of Parental Discipline Practices and Child Behavioural Outcomes in Pakistan
No full textThis review paper explores parental discipline practices and their influence on child behavioural outcomes in the Pakistani context, with a particular focus on urban, lower-income households. Drawing from a purposively selected body of literature, the paper synthesises evidence on both positive and harsh parenting approaches, linking them to emotional and behavioural development in children. While positive parenting, grounded in warmth and consistency, fosters resilience and pro-social behaviour, harsh methods, such as shouting and physical punishment, are strongly associated with externalising behaviours, emotional insecurity, and long-term mental health issues. The review identifies key contextual stressors, including poverty, parental mental health, and socio-cultural norms, that influence parenting styles. It also reflects on intergenerational patterns, religious and traditional influences, and the evolving role of urbanisation and global exposure in shifting parenting norms. The paper highlights effective international interventions, such as the Triple P – Positive Parenting Programme, and underscores the need for locally adapted models sensitive to cultural and socioeconomic realities. The review calls for more context-specific primary research and intervention efforts to foster emotionally supportive, non-violent parenting practices that can positively shape children’s developmental trajectories in Pakistan
Practice of teacher leadership: A comprative case study of two primary schools in Dar es salaam, Tanzania.
No full textTeacher Leadership is recognized as a powerful and highly influential genre or Educational leadership due to its potential for school improvement. Although much has been discussed about Teacher Leadership in the western academic world, little is Explored in the context of developing countries, in Eastern Africa. Therefore, my study aims at understanding the practice of Teacher Leadership in t two schools in Dar es Salaam. Tanzania. i have used a qualitative case study approach to understand the practices of two primary schools; a public and a private. Purposive sampling was undertaken for this study to obtain a rich data. The results have shown that teachers practice leadership in all the four levels of Grant\u27s (2006) model of Teacher Leadership; in the classroom, in working with other teachers, in whole school development and into the community. It also emerged from the study that the practice of Teacher Leadership is contextual in the school culture, structure and social interactions of various stakeholders. The study has reported several challenges, which the teachers face in the practice of Teacher Leadership. Some of these challenges are large class sizes and increased workload of the teachers. These challenges are the typical representations of\u27 contextual realities of Tanzania; being a developing country. While these challenges tend to affect the quality of Teacher Leadership, the study has also revealed that teachers do not stop to Practice leadership. Even in such disadvantageous circumstances. This report also highlights several factors, which either promote or hinder Teacher Leadership in the two schools under study. Within these factors, the role of the head teacher has proved to be of great importance. Hence, this study has documented insights on the practice of Teacher Leadership in Tanzania: a genre of educational leadership, which was being practiced unknowingly for long
Atypical Atrial Fibrillation – How is it different from Typical Atrial Fibrillation: A Review Article
No full textAbstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of treated heart arrythmia and it is characterised by palpitations, sometimes fatigue, tiredness, presyncope, breathlessness, and chest discomfort. But palpitation is a cardinal symptom and defines Atrial Fibrillation. Based on the clinical presentation, Atrial fibrillation can be categorised as typical, with palpitations with or without other symptoms, and Atypical AF with symptoms other than palpitations. There can be a completely asymptomatic presentation that is called silent Atrial fibrillation.
Keywords: Atypical Atrial Fibrillation, Typical Atrial Fibrillation, Palpitations, Cryptogenic Stroke, Bleeding, Thromboembolism.
Title: Atypical Atrial Fibrillation – How is it different from Typical Atrial Fibrillation: A Review Article
Author: Archana Ramalingam, Aneela Satya Ravanam, Priyadharsini D Kailasam
International Journal of Healthcare Sciences
ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)
Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023
Page No: 208-212
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 06-February-2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7613044
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/atypical-atrial-fibrillation--how-is-it-different-from-typical-atrial-fibrillation-a-review-articleInternational Journal of Healthcare Sciences, ISSN 2348-5728 (Online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co
The Impact of Data Normalization on KNN Rendering
No full textData normalization is a vital preprocessing technique in which the data is either scaled or converted so features will make an equal contribution. The success of classifiers, like K-Nearest Algorithm, is highly dependent on data quality to generalize classification models. In its turn, KNN is the simplest and most widely-used model for different machine learning-based tasks, including text classification, pattern recognition, plagiarism and intrusion detection, ranking models, sentiment analysis, etc. While the core of KNN is basically based on similarity measures, its performance is also highly contingent on the nature and representation of data. It is commonly known in literature that to secure competitive performance with KNN, data must be normalized. This raises a key question about which normalization method would lead to the best performance. To answer this question, the normalization of data with KNN, which has not yet been given good attention, is investigated in this work. We provide a comparative study on the significant impact of data normalization on KNN performance using six normalization methods, namely, Decimal, L2-Norm, Max/Min, Std Norm, TFIDF and BoW. On eight publicly-available datasets, experimental results show that no method dominates the others. However, the L2-Norm, Decimal, and TFIDF methods were shown to obtain the best performance (measured by accuracy, precision, and recall) in most evaluation metrics. Moreover, run time analysis shows that KNN is working efficiently with BoW, followed by TFIDF
OSTEOARTHRITIS; PATTERN OF SYMPTOMATIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC IN THE URBAN POPULATION OF KARACHI
No full textA threefold-ensemble k-nearest neighbor algorithm
No full textImplementing the k-nearest neighbor classifiers is both conceptually and practically easy. However, kNN performance still suffers from the sensitivity to the selection of k-value and the incapability to generate competitive results over the unbalanced datasets. We therefore offer an ensemble-based, effective k-nearest neighbor classifier because of the ensemble learning’s resilience to class imbalance. The general KNN, weighted KNN, and local mean KNN are meticulously merged into a single ensemble KNN classifier in order to incorporate the ensemble weights from these classifiers. Given that these three kNNs are combined to create the final model, this kNN is called the Threefold-Ensemble K-Nearest Neighbor (TEkNN). The effectiveness of the proposed kNN model has been comprehensively assessed against five state-of-the-art kNN models and four machine learning models over 14 datasets from the University of California using the evaluation metrics (accuracy, F1, ROC, and MAE). The results illustrate that the TEkNN is a promising classifier across all evaluation metrics, attesting to its usability with high precision in other domains in which class imbalance is dominantly inherent
Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for cushing\u27s disease: A review
No full textEver since the 1960s, transsphenoidal surgery has been the modality of choice for treating Cushing\u27s disease. Subsequent visualization of the pituitary fossa and sphenoid sinus may be done either with the operating microscope or with the relatively new endoscope. The endoscope due to its panoramic view allows greater visualization as compared to the operating microscope. It confers greater access to the cavernous sinus, sella, suprasellar, and parasellar regions and accommodates higher magnifications. It is bi-dimensional, however as opposed to the operating microscope that provides a three-dimensional view and allows greater depth perception. This article provides a comprehensive review of the advantages and disadvantages of the endoscope and compares it to the operating microscope. We hope this article will prove useful to both clinicians and academicians alike in their approach and management of Cushing\u27s disease
