7 research outputs found
Multiple piecewise regression for trip generation models
No full textTrip generation modelling is not a standard task as the relationship between the input and output variables is not exactly known and is often nonlinear. Furthermore, the input variables may have different types especially at the disaggregate levels. Accordingly, there is no single modelling technique that can be used for all trip generation cases. In this paper, a multiple piecewise regression technique is proposed to suit most trip generation cases. Thresholds can be identified at the discrete values in the case of categorical inputs; while, no thresholds are considered in the case of binary inputs. In addition, the locations of thresholds in case of continuous inputs are obtained to minimize the summation of squared errors and achieving the logical constraints. Thus, a broken hyperplane is determined using quadratic programming. The proposed technique is illustrated using a numerical example and then validated using three well-known examples. The results show that the proposed technique can fit the given data more accurately than the previous techniques. In addition, the proposed technique leads to more explicit and visualized models for practitioners. These findings will encourage researchers to apply the proposed technique in further applications such as trip distribution and mode choice models
Traffic safety assessment for roundabout intersections using drone photography and conflict technique
No full textRoad design deficiencies and improper driver behavior at roundabout intersections may result in traffic bottlenecks, irregular traffic patterns, and potential crashes. Thus, road safety inspection is conducted to identify potential safety hazards and propose safety measures. The traditional safety inspection depends on unreliable traffic collision data visual data collection and superficial analysis. In this regard, surrogate safety assessment approaches are utilized to overcome the limitations found in traditional approaches. This paper employs an innovative surrogate approach for such a process by analyzing videos captured by a drone. A video processing technique is applied to determine the vehicle trajectories and extract conflict points. Accordingly, the conflict data are analyzed in terms of location, direction, and post-encroachment time (PET) as a safety measure to identify potential safety problems related to intersection geometry and driver behavior. This methodology is applied to an intersection case study in New Cairo City, Egypt. The findings of this study confirm the interaction between intersection geometry, drivers’ behavior, and road safety on the examined safety measures
Methodology for Selection of Sustainable Public Transit Routes: Case Study of Amman City, Jordan
No full textA limited number of previous studies have focused on the selection of transportation routes considering sustainable development goals (SDGs). In this research, a methodology for selecting sustainable public transit (PT) routes is presented, consisting of generating a feasible initial route set, optimization, and assessment. Total welfare, road safety, and reduction in total emissions are indicators of the economic, social, and environmental dimensions, respectively. Based on the transportation model, the network structure, attributes, and emission rates are exported. The travel demand of PT is modified by modal share. Additionally, the safety performance function (SPF) is developed as a safety measure. Regarding optimization, the optimum routes are obtained by maximizing PT share and minimizing PT travel time. Then, the new routes are implemented, and the network is evaluated and compared with the existing scenario in light of sustainability indicators. The case study is Amman BRT. The results show that the new network is more sustainable than the existing BRT network and achieves better performance than the selected scenario of Amman city. The new network can reduce travel time by more than 13%, decrease total emissions by more than 17%, and alleviate the crash frequency by more than 14%
A smart framework for municipal solid waste collection management: A case study in Greater Cairo Region
No full textAround 28 million tons of municipal solid wastes (MSW) are annually generated in Egypt, with 40% in Greater Cairo Region (GCR). Although, the government aims at improving the MSW service coverage and collection efficiency, formal collection service is still limited and operates with low transportation efficiency resulting in illegal waste collection and dumping. This research aims at providing optimized collection systems to accommodate various housing levels and considering the available resources. As a case study, the collection routes in Al-Mostakbal City, are optimized by selecting the appropriate location and containers order. Meanwhile, the pick-up time is optimized using the appropriate vehicle type, fleet size, and rounds. In addition, dynamic routing is applied using developed production models. A simulation model is developed to assess various improvement scenarios and recommend the effective one for various schemes. The outcome is a highly-efficient framework; with potential to be extended to cover other urban areas
