1,720,975 research outputs found
Coping strategies in adaptation to cancer of partner: First results of ways of coping-cancer version{'}s validation,Strategie di coping nell{'}adattamento allamalattia oncologica del coniuge: Primi risultati dellavalidazione del ways of coping-cancer version
No full textNel lavoro è descritta la validazione italiana del Ways of Coping Inventory-Cancer Version (Dunkel-Schetter et. al.) per coniugi di pazienti affetti da cancro. Il questionario, nella sua versione italiana, articola il costrutto in quattro dimensioni o fattori interrelati: Ricerca di informazioni ed uso del sostegno sociale, Distanziamento, Evitamento cognitivo e comportamentale, Focalizzazione sul positivo. Lo studio presentato ha valutato l’attendibilità e la validità del WOC-CA in un campione composto da mariti di donne affette da cancro (N=156). Le dimensioni del WOC-CA dimostrano inoltre una adeguata attendibilità interna e una buona validità concorrente e divergente con l’SCL-90 e con il Social Provision Scale. Il presente studio incoraggia l’uso del questionario WOC-CA per scopi sia clinici che di ricerca
Influence minoritaire et effet de décentration dans l'argumentation: une approche expérimentale
No full textThe matching effect in persuasive communication about lockdown
Full text linkScientific literature about persuasion has shown that the effectiveness of persuasive communication may depend on the match between the affective or cognitive contents of the message and the affective [(Need for Affect (NFA)] or cognitive [Need for Cognition (NFC)] orientation of the recipient. The present work aims to contribute to studying this effect by considering the context of health-related communication during the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Specifically, we aim to demonstrate that, when the message is characterized by affective and cognitive contents having the same (congruent message) or different valence (incongruent message), the attitude toward the target (i.e., a new lockdown) will be guided by the valence of the contents matching the individual affective/cognitive orientation. A total of 1,003 participants took part in a 2 (Cognitive content message: Positive vs. Negative) × 2 (Affective content message: Positive vs. Negative) factorial design and answered an online questionnaire. Results show that people with high levels of NFA and low levels of NFC report attitudes toward lockdown consistent with the valence of the affective contents. Conversely, attitudes of people with high levels of NFC and low levels of NFA were not influenced by contents that matched their orientation (i.e., cognitive)
Girls' Math Performance Under Stereotype Threat: The moderating role of mothers' gender stereotypes
No full textPrevious research on stereotype threat in children suggests that making gender identity salient disrupts
girls’ math performance at as early as 5 to 7 years of age. The present study (n 124) tested the
hypothesis that parents’ endorsement of gender stereotypes about math moderates girls’ susceptibility to
stereotype threat. Results confirmed that stereotype threat impaired girls’ performance on math tasks
among students from kindergarten through 2nd grade. Moreover, mothers’ but not fathers’ endorsement
of gender stereotypes about math moderated girls’ vulnerability to stereotype threat: Performance of girls
whose mothers strongly rejected the gender stereotype about math did not decrease under stereotype
threat. These findings are important because they point to the role of mothers’ beliefs in the development
of girls’ vulnerability to the negative effects of gender stereotypes about math
Differential Effects of Majority and Minority Influence on Argumentation Strategies
No full textConfirmatory bias in argumentation—i.e., the tendency to generate arguments that support one’s own claims, rather than rebuttals that challenge alternative standpoints—is a widespread tendency that can be harmful to the quality of argumentation. In the present study we hypothesized that, depending on issue relevance to the targets, majority and minority sources of influence may differentially reduce this bias. Results provided partial support to the contention, showing that when the issue was of low relevance, participants exposed to the minority developed more rebuttals than participants exposed to the majority, whereas no difference between the impacts of the two sources emerged when the issue was of high relevance. Findings suggest that, in low relevance circumstances, minority influence may exert beneficial effects on argumentation
Managing a social identity threat: Ambivalence towards the ingroup as psychological disengagement
No full textAmbivalenza attitudinale e gestione del pregiudizio verso gli immigrati negli elettori di sinistra
No full textOn vicarious ostracism. Examining the mediators of observers’ reactions towards the target and the sources of ostracism
No full textOstracism is a painful experience, to the point that even observing ostracism hurts. We extend research on vicarious ostracism by investigating how observers subsequently behave and whether this is driven by intrapersonal feelings (need satisfaction) and/or interpersonal impressions. Sixty-six participants observed either ostracism or inclusion in Cyberball. They reported their global impression of sources and of targets, their own need satisfaction, and how they wanted to allocate money towards sources and targets. Observing ostracism increased money donations to targets (and decreased donation to sources), which was mediated by both lowered need satisfaction and negative impressions towards the sources, with stronger effect emerging for the latter mediator. These findings advance knowledge about the mechanisms underlying interpersonal behavior after vicarious ostracism
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