1,721,259 research outputs found
Hypofractionation in current clinical practice: A flash forward to the near future of radiation oncology?
No full textImpact of weight loss in patients with head and neck carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy: is it an underestimated phenomenon? A radiation oncologist's perspective.
No full textNutrition is a crucial topic in oncology, a worsening in nutritional status being able to influence both the course of the disease and its outcome. Malnutrition is a pathological state characterized by an inadequate intake of energy and/or nutrients to meet the biological needs of the body, leading to a systemic catabolic state with potentially reversible changes in body composition and function.(1) Weight loss, one of the most characteristic signs of malnutrition, is a common finding in patients with head and neck (HN) cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. 2,3 During radiotherapy (RT) and chemoradiotherapy, the percentage of malnourished patients rises to 44-88%.(3) Moreover, critical weight loss (>5% from the start of RT until week 8 or >7.5% until week 12)(4) in HN patients may be seen in as high as 57% of patients.(1) Therefore, there is a need to assess the role of nutritional support in the comprehensive management of these patients. Here we briefly outline the current lack of consensus on this issue and why more high-quality studies are required
Will SBRT replace conventional radiotherapy in patients with low-intermediate risk prostate cancer? A review
No full textStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a novel treatment modality in radiation oncology that delivers a very high dose of radiation to the tumor target with high precision using single or a small number of fractions. SBRT is the result of technological advances in patient/tumor immobilization, image guidance, and treatment planning and delivery. This modality is safe and effective in both early stage primary cancer and oligometastases. Compared to the use of stereotactic radiosurgery for other tumor sites, SBRT is slow to be adopted in the management of genitourinary malignancies. Emerging data show the safety and efficacy of this treatment modality in prostate cancer. Preclinical data, clinical experience, and challenges are reviewed and discussed. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Reply to: The course of lung oligometastatic colorectal cancer may be a reflection of selection for treatment rather than an effect of stereotactic body radiotherapy
No full textReview and uses of stereotactic body radiation Therapy for oligometastases
No full textIn patients with proven distant metastases from solid tumors, it has been a notion that the condition is incurable, warranting palliative care only. The term "oligometastases" was coined to refer to isolated sites of metastasis, whereby the entire burden of disease can be recognized as a finite number of discrete lesions that can be potentially cured with local therapies. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a novel treatment modality in radiation oncology that delivers a very high dose of radiation to the tumor target with high precision using single or a small number of fractions. SBRT is the result of technological advances in patient and tumor immobilization, image guidance, and treatment planning and delivery. A number of studies, both retrospective and prospective, showed promising results in terms of local tumor control and, in a limited subset of patients, of survival. This article reviews the radiobiologic, technical, and clinical aspects of SBRT for various anatomical sites. © AlphaMed Press
Presentazione al volume sul Patriziato bolognese e l'Europa (secoli XVI-XIX)
No full textLunga introduzione che costituisce una rassegna storiografica sul tema della nobiltà in Europa nei secoli dell'età modern
Role of consolidative stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer.
No full textCurrent status and recent advances in reirradiation of glioblastoma
Full text linkDespite aggressive management consisting of maximal safe surgical resection followed by external beam radiation therapy (60 Gy/30 fractions) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide, approximately 90% of WHO grade IV gliomas (glioblastomas, GBM) will recur locally within 2 years. For patients with recurrent GBM, no standard of care exists. Thanks to the continuous improvement in radiation science and technology, reirradiation has emerged as feasible approach for patients with brain tumors. Using stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), either hypofractionated or conventionally fractionated schedules, several studies have suggested survival benefits following reirradiation of patients with recurrent GBM; however, there are still questions to be answered about the efficacy and toxicity associated with a second course of radiation. We provide a clinical overview on current status and recent advances in reirradiation of GBM, addressing relevant clinical questions such as the appropriate patient selection and radiation technique, optimal dose fractionation, reirradiation tolerance of the brain and the risk of radiation necrosis
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