58 research outputs found
Aerobiology: Experimental considerations, observations and future tools
No full textABSTRACT
Understanding airborne survival and decay of microorganisms is important for a range of public health and biodefense applications, including epidemiological and risk analysis modeling. Techniques for experimental aerosol generation, retention in the aerosol phase, and sampling require careful consideration and understanding so that they are representative of the conditions the bioaerosol would experience in the environment. This review explores the current understanding of atmospheric transport in relation to advances and limitations of aerosol generation, maintenance in the aerosol phase, and sampling techniques. Potential tools for the future are examined at the interface between atmospheric chemistry, aerosol physics, and molecular microbiology where the heterogeneity and variability of aerosols can be explored at the single-droplet and single-microorganism levels within a bioaerosol. The review highlights the importance of method comparison and validation in bioaerosol research and the benefits that the application of novel techniques could bring to increasing the understanding of aerobiological phenomena in diverse research fields, particularly during the progression of atmospheric transport, where complex interdependent physicochemical and biological processes occur within bioaerosol particles.</jats:p
E Coli Oxidative Stress
No full textData for "Oxidative Stress Contributes to Bacterial Airborne Loss of Viability" published in Microbiology Spectrum
Organic cation distributions in the residues of levitated droplets with net charge : Validity of the partition theory for droplets produced by an electrospray
No full text
E.Coli Aerosol Surfactant
No full textData Files for figures in: Inactivation Mechanisms of Escherichia coli in Simulants of Respiratory and Environmental Aerosol Droplet
MALDI-MS of differential biomolecule secretion from human lung cells in vitro following incubation with <150 particles
No full textTime-Resolved Measurements of the Evaporation of Volatile Components from Single Aerosol Droplets
No full textA strategy for examining the dynamic hygroscopic response of single aerosol particles is reported, allowing a direct investigation of the interplay of thermodynamic and kinetic factors regulating the time dependence of particle size. In particular, we investigate the rapid evaporation of water from water-glycerol droplets, measuring the evolving size with a time resolution of <10 ms (with as low as 2.5 ms being possible) over a time range from subsecond to many hours. Measurements can be made on sequential droplets generated from a droplet-on-demand generator, and a reproducibility of better than +/-0.25 mu m in droplet size over tens of events can be achieved at any resolved time point considered during an evaporation process lasting >2 s. The time-dependent measurements of evolving droplet size are compared with an analytical treatment of the evaporation process. Excellent agreement between measurements and simulations is found over a wide range of starting droplet compositions. The benefits of using this approach for investigating water transport within the bulk of an aerosol particle or to/from the droplet surface are discussed.</p
SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant
No full textData for manuscript entitled: "Differences in Airborne Stability of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern is Impacted by Alkalinity of Surrogates of Respiratory Aerosol
Dose–response studies involving controlled deposition of less than 100 particles generated and levitated in an ac trap onto lung cells, in vitro, and quantitation of ICAM-1 differential expression
No full textNovel instrument to measure water uptake, dissolution and hygroscopic growth of an individual levitated aerosol particle in an environment identical to the lung (relative humidity >99.5%)
No full textDry powder inhalers (DPIs) are commonly used devices for delivering inhalable pharmaceuticals. The overall efficacy of any inhalable pharmaceutical is a function of total and regional dose, and the bioavailability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient upon deposition in the lung. Thus, a detailed understanding of the dissolution dynamics of particles from a DPI from the point of generation through to deposition in the lung may shed additional insights into the interpretation of the pharmacokinetic effects, resulting in the design of improved formulations. We present the design and benchmarking of a novel technology that directly measures the dissolution dynamics of dry aerosol particles in situ, where the relative humidity and temperature are directly comparable to the highly humid conditions within the lungs. The rate of water uptake (mass) as well as changes in the physical structure of the particle are directly measured using a combination of electrodynamics and laser light scatter. This technique offers unique insights into the dissolution dynamics of DPI starting formulations
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