199,315 research outputs found
PEMIKIRAN SYAIKH SYAUQI IBRAHIM 'ALLAM TENTANG KHITAN PEREMPUAN
No full textIta Maulina Iriyanti, NIM 126102202146, Pemikiran Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam Tentang Khitan Perempuan, Jurusan Hukum Keluarga Islam, Fakultas Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Islam Negeri Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung, 2024, Dosen Pembimbing: Arifah Millati Agustina, M.H.I
Kata Kunci: khitan perempuan, fatwa Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya praktik khitan perempuan di berbagai negara yang menimbulkan dampak buruk bagi perempuan dan perselisihan pendapat dikalangan para ulama. Sebagian ulama menganggap khitan bagi perempuan adalah bentuk kehormatan, sebagian lain menganggap khitan perempuan sebagai perbuatan keji dan dilarang oleh hukum. Salah satunya mufti besar Mesir, Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam yang menyatakan khitan perempuan dilarang oleh hukum. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penelitian ini meneliti tentang Pemikiran Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam tentang Khitan Perempuan.
Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah 1). Bagaimana metode Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam ‘Allam dalam istinbath hukum tentang khitan perempuan? 2). Bagaimana pemikiran Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam ‘Allam tentang khitan perempuan?. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1). Untuk mengetahui metode Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam dalam istinbath hukum tentang khitan perempuan. 2). Untuk mengetahui pemikiran Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam tentang khitan perempuan.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data yang berbentuk karya tulis seperti buku, artikel, dan sumber lainnya. Adapun teknik analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis isi atau konten (content analysis).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1). Metode Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam dalam istinbath hukum khitan perempuan adalah dengan menggunakan metode Qauli. Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam merujuk pada beberapa kitab fiqih diantaranya Sunan Abu Dawud , Nailul Authar karya Imam Asy-Syaukani, Kitab Aun Al-Ma’bud karya Muhammad Syams al-Haq Azimabadi, kitab al-Banayah Syarah al-Hidayah karya Badaruddin al-'Aini al-Hanafi. 2). Khitan perempuan dalam perspektif Syaikh Syauqi Ibrahim ‘Allam merupakan tradisi di suatu masyarakat dan tidak berlaku di masyarakat lain. Tindakan ini mengandung banyak mudharat diantaranya rasa sakit berlebihan, pendarahan hebat, penyempitan pada saluran kencing, rasa sakit saat berhubungan suami istri, bahkan menyerang psikologis perempuan. Hadis-hadis yang berkaitan khitan perempuan berstatus dhaif, sehingga tidak bisa dijadikan sebagai landasan pensyariatan khitan perempuan. Pendapat Syaikh Syauqi yang melarang khitan perempuan dikuatkan oleh Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Mesir Perubahan No. 10 Tahun 2021 M menyatakan bahwa praktik khitan perempuan tersebut dilarang dan terdapat hukuman pidana bagi siapa saja yang melakukan praktik tersebut
Oodinychus egypticus Abo-Shnaf & El-Bishlawy & Allam 2018, n. sp.
No full textOodinychus egypticus n. sp. (Figs 1-4) Oodinychus agepti Hassan et al., 2011: 318 (nomen nudum). Zoobank: 2BAAD54B-C1E1-4A56-BCF7-770E11528BE9 Diagnosis — Dorsal shield with 36 pairs of aciculate setae and 16 pairs of pilose setae in female (35 and 22 pairs respectively in the male); idiosoma with small round pits; all ventral setae aciculate and smooth, except JV5, ZV4 and post-anal setae pilose (in addition to ZV 3 in the male); tritosternum with a pair of lateral dentate basal loops, laciniae with dentate base, divided into three smooth laciniae, median lacinia longer than laterals in both sexes; genital shield with curved anterior sharp-tipped projection, almost reaching the base of coxa I; opisthogaster with seven pairs of opisthogastric setae (JV2, JV4, JV5, ZV1– ZV4) in female (eight pairs in males, JV1 present); anteromedian region of epistome convex, three-tined, the median tine longer with two lateral smooth denticles, and bifid median tine; fixed cheliceral digit with two teeth, movable digit with a tooth in both sexes; legs II–IV with thick and spine-like setae on telotarsus in both sexes.Published as part of Abo-Shnaf, Reham I. A., El-Bishlawy, Shahira M. O. & Allam, Sally F. M., 2018, Description of a new species of Oodinychus (Acari: Uropodina: Trematuridae) from Egypt, with a key to the species, pp. 546-556 in Acarologia 58 (3) on page 547, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184257, http://zenodo.org/record/450260
Centrouropoda Berlese
No full textGenus Centrouropoda Berlese Centrouropoda Berlese, 1916: 142. Aegyptus El-Bishlawy & Allam, 2007: 422. Aegyptus.— Halliday, 2015: 104. Type species Aegyptus rhynchophorus El-Bishlawy & Allam, 2007: 422, by original designation. Diagnosis. Dorsal setae with diverse morphology, smooth, lanceolate or pilose; two pairs of long setae located close to each other in the posterior part of the dorsal shield; tritosternum with a characteristic shape; pygidial shield with four pairs of setae (st1–st4); genitalia without prepygidial border; peritreme curved, with wavy inner margin; epistome with one denticulate tip; chelicerae with sclerotised node; hypostomal setae h1 and h3 long and smooth, h2 short and h4 pilose; legs with pretarsus and claws.Published as part of Abo-Shnaf, Reham I. A. & Allam, Sally F. M., 2019, A new species of Centrouropoda (Acari: Uropodidae: Uropodina), with a key to the world species of the genus, pp. 501-516 in Zootaxa 4706 (4) on page 502, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/361679
ALLaM: Large Language Models for Arabic and English
No full textWe present ALLaM: Arabic Large Language Model, a series of large language models to support the ecosystem of Arabic Language Technologies (ALT). ALLaM is carefully trained considering the values of language alignment and knowledge transfer at scale. Our autoregressive decoder-only architecture models demonstrate how second-language acquisition via vocabulary expansion and pretraining on a mixture of Arabic and English text can steer a model towards a new language (Arabic) without any catastrophic forgetting in the original language (English). Furthermore, we highlight the effectiveness of using parallel/translated data to aid the process of knowledge alignment between languages. Finally, we show that extensive alignment with human preferences can significantly enhance the performance of a language model compared to models of a larger scale with lower quality alignment. ALLaM achieves state-of-the-art performance in various Arabic benchmarks, including MMLU Arabic, ACVA, and Arabic Exams. Our aligned models improve both in Arabic and English from their base aligned models
Potential Role of Fertilizer Sources and Soil Tillage Practices to Mitigate Soil CO2 Emissions in Mediterranean Potato Production Systems
No full textAgricultural practices should be approached with environmental-friendly strategies, able to restore soil organic matter and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the environmental benefits, in terms of CO2 emissions and carbon balance, of some agricultural practices for potato cultivation. A randomized complete block design was adopted where the treatments were: (a) tillage systems (plowing; subsoiler and spading); (b) fertilizer sources (mineral and organic). All treatments were replicated three times. Potato yield and its carbon content, soil CO2 emissions, temperature, and volumetric water content were measured. The CO2 emissions were higher in organic than in mineral fertilizer (0.60 and vs. 0.77 g m−2 h−1, respectively), while they were low in spading compared to the other soil tillage (0.64 vs. 0.72 g m−2 h−1, respectively). Carbon input was the highest in plowing and organic fertilizer 4.76 and 5.59 Mg C ha−1, respectively. The input/output ratio of carbon varied according to the main treatments. The findings suggest that spading tillage and organic fertilizer might result in environmental and agronomical benefits, further research should be performed to evaluate to possibility to extend the results to other environments and crops
Dual function of CD70 in viral infection: modulator of early cytokine responses and activator of adaptive responses.
No full textDr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
A Code for the Preliminary Design of Cooled Supercritical CO2 Turbines and Application to the Allam Cycle
No full textThis paper documents a thermo-fluid-dynamic mean-line model for the preliminary design of multistage axial turbines with blade cooling applicable to supercritical CO2 turbines. Given the working fluid and coolant inlet thermodynamic conditions, blade geometry, number of stages and load criterion, the model computes the stage-by-stage design along with the cooling requirement and ultimately provides an estimate of turbine efficiency via a semi-empirical loss model. Different cooling modes are available and can be selected by the user (stand-alone or combination): convective cooling, film cooling, and thermal barrier coating. The model is applied to attain the preliminary aero-thermal design of the 600 MW cooled axial supercritical CO2 turbine of the Allam cycle. Results show that a load coefficient varying from 3 to 1 throughout the machine, and a reaction degree ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 lead to the maximum total-to-static turbine efficiency of about 85%. Consequently, as opposed to uncooled CO2 turbines, a repeated stage configuration is an unsuited design choice for cooled sCO2 machines. Moreover, the study highlights that film cooling is considerably less effective compared to conventional gas turbines, while increasing the number of stages from 5 to 6 and adopting higher rotational speeds leads to an increased efficiency
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