3,218 research outputs found
William Pulteney Alison : activist philanthropist and pioneer of social medicine
No full textThe thesis looks in detail at three inter-related aspects of
Alison's life. It examines, firstly, his role in the development
of Edinburgh's rudimentary 'health' network, achieved through the
expansion of the existing medical charity structure and the
introduction of a more interventionist and coordinated approach to
the city's health problems. It traces, secondly, the development
of Alison's social thought - in 1820 he believed that medical and
practical relief for the poor could and should be supplied through
the voluntary charities and only when that proved unsatisfactory
through the poor law, whereas by 1840 he argued that public health
should be the responsibility of government and that the excessive
increase in poverty and disease in Scotland, which he believed had
occurred, was proof that the charitable and legal relief provided
was inadequate. Finally, Alison's influence on the passage of
Scottish poor law and public health legislation in the 1840s and
1850s is examined - the latter involving an assessment of how far
he was responsible for the legislative delay. The poor law debate,
1840-1845, which reveals the forces shaping the reform and the
prevailing attitudes to poverty, highlights the challenge which
Alison's opinions represented and the resulting turmoil in Scottish
social thinking, while his reasons for opposing health legislation,
which established London control are of great importance. They
reveal differences in the rationale behind, and way in which, the
concept of public health was developed in Scotland and England.
Unlike Chadwick and his supporters, Alison emphasised poverty
amelioration and sanitary reform. Part of the explanation for the
differing opinions lay in their respective miasmatic and
contagionist theories for fever generation, but it also reflects,
perhaps more significantly, the impact of European medical police
ideas on Scottish medical opinion - Alison's view of public health
closely resembled that of the French hygienists
'Knowledge workers' as the new apprentices: the influence of organisational autonomy, goals and values on the nurturing of expertise
No full textThis paper explores the concept of apprenticeship in the context of the professional formation of knowledge workers. It draws on evidence from research conducted in two knowledge intensive organizations: a research-intensive, elite university; and a ‘cutting edge’ software engineering company. In the former, we investigated the learning environments of contract researchers, whilst in the latter we focused on the learning environments of software engineers. Both organisations have ‘global’ reach in that they operate within international marketplaces and see themselves as international players. The research in the university and the software engineering company was conducted as part of a larger project that investigated work and learning across diverse public and private occupational sectors (Felstead et al 2009). The research evidence about the workplace learning and career formation experiences of these knowledge workers is explored using aspects of the expansive – restrictive framework to compare the environments in terms of three themes: organisational goals and workforce development; expertise and trust; and, opportunities to expand learning. The paper argues that conceiving the professional formation of knowledge workers as apprenticeship provides an approach which can improve the way employers construct and support that formation
Ixodes cornuatus Roberts 1960
No full text56. Ixodes cornuatus Roberts, 1960. An Australasian species, all of whose parasitic stages have been found on Carnivora: Canidae, and Rodentia: Muridae; adults alone have been collected from Carnivora: Felidae, Diprotodontia: Phascolarctidae and Vombatidae, and Casuariiformes: Casuariidae; immature stages have been recovered from Diprotodontia: Macropodidae, Phalangeridae and Potoroidae, and Passeriformes: Acanthizidae, Cracticidae and Pachycephalidae, and unknown stages have been found on Perissodactyla: Equidae (Guglielmone & Robbins 2018, Barker & Barker 2020). Ixodes cornuatus is a sporadic parasite of humans. M: Roberts (1960) F: Roberts (1960) N: undescribed L: Kemp (1980) Redescriptions M: Roberts (1970), Jackson et al. (2002), Barker and Walker (2014), Barker et al. (2014) F: Roberts (1970), Jackson et al. (2002), Barker and Walker (2014), Barker et al. (2014), Kwak (2017) L: Jackson et al. (2002) Note: Camicas et al. (1998) and Kolonin (2009) state that the larva of Ixodes cornuatus is undescribed; the latter author also doubts the validity of Ixodes cornuatus, perhaps following Roberts (1970), who stated that Ixodes cornuatus may be a subspecies of Ixodes holocyclus.Published as part of Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G., 2020, Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019, pp. 1-322 in Zootaxa 4871 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/442334
Mixed Bruce-Roberts numbers
No full text[EN] We extend the notions of mu*- sequences and Tjurina numbers of functions to the framework of Bruce-Roberts numbers, that is, to pairs formed by the germ at 0 of a complex analytic variety X. Cn and a finitely R( X)-determined analytic function germ f : (Cn, 0). (C, 0). We analyze some fundamental properties of these numbers.Part of this work was developed during the stay of the first author at the Departamento de Matematica of ICMC, Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo (Brazil), in February and July 2018. The first author wishes to thank this institution for their hospitality and working conditions and to FAPESP for financial support. The first author was partially supported by MICINN Grant PGC2018-094889-B-I00 and FAPESP Grant 2014/00304-2. The second author was partially supported by CNPq Grant 306306/2015-8 and FAPESP Grant 2014/00304-2.Bivià-Ausina, C.; Ruas, M. (2020). Mixed Bruce-Roberts numbers. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society. 63(2):456-474. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0013091519000543S456474632Damon, J. (1996). Higher multiplicities and almost free divisors and complete intersections. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society, 123(589), 0-0. doi:10.1090/memo/0589Wahl, J. M. (1983). Derivations, automorphisms and deformations of quasihomogeneous singularities. Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics, 613-624. doi:10.1090/pspum/040.2/713285De Goes Grulha, N. (2008). THE EULER OBSTRUCTION AND BRUCE-ROBERTS’ MILNOR NUMBER. The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, 60(3), 291-302. doi:10.1093/qmath/han011Greuel, G.-M. (1975). Der Gau�-Manin-Zusammenhang isolierter Singularit�ten von vollst�ndigen Durchschnitten. Mathematische Annalen, 214(3), 235-266. doi:10.1007/bf01352108Gaffney, T. (1996). Multiplicities and equisingularity of ICIS germs. Inventiones Mathematicae, 123(1), 209-220. doi:10.1007/bf01232372Damon, J. (2002). On the freeness of equisingular deformations of plane curve singularities. Topology and its Applications, 118(1-2), 31-43. doi:10.1016/s0166-8641(01)00040-2Bruce, J. W., & Roberts, R. M. (1988). Critical points of functions on analytic varieties. Topology, 27(1), 57-90. doi:10.1016/0040-9383(88)90007-9Decker, W. , Greuel, G.-M. , Pfister, G. and Schönemann, H. , Singular 4-0-2. A computer algebra system for polynomial computations. Available at http://www.singular.uni-kl.de (2015).Looijenga, E. J. N. (1984). Isolated Singular Points on Complete Intersections. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511662720AHMED, I., RUAS, M. A. S., & TOMAZELLA, J. N. (2013). Invariants of topological relative right equivalences. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 155(2), 307-315. doi:10.1017/s0305004113000297Aleksandrov, A. G. (1986). COHOMOLOGY OF A QUASIHOMOGENEOUS COMPLETE INTERSECTION. Mathematics of the USSR-Izvestiya, 26(3), 437-477. doi:10.1070/im1986v026n03abeh001155Briançon, J., & Maynadier-Gervais, H. (2002). Sur le nombre de Milnor d’une singularité semi-quasi-homogène. Comptes Rendus Mathematique, 334(4), 317-320. doi:10.1016/s1631-073x(02)02256-2Giusti, M., & Henry, J.-P.-G. (1980). Minorations de nombres de Milnor. Bulletin de la Société mathématique de France, 79, 17-45. doi:10.24033/bsmf.1907Hauser, H., & Müller, G. (1993). Affine varieties and lie algebras of vector fields. Manuscripta Mathematica, 80(1), 309-337. doi:10.1007/bf03026556Liu, Y. (2018). Milnor and Tjurina numbers for a hypersurface germ with isolated singularity. Comptes Rendus Mathematique, 356(9), 963-966. doi:10.1016/j.crma.2018.07.004Nuno-Ballesteros, J. J., Orefice, B., & Tomazella, J. N. (2011). THE BRUCE-ROBERTS NUMBER OF A FUNCTION ON A WEIGHTED HOMOGENEOUS HYPERSURFACE. The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, 64(1), 269-280. doi:10.1093/qmath/har032Ohmoto, T., Suwa, T., & Yokura, S. (1997). A remark on the Chern classes of local complete intersections. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series A, Mathematical Sciences, 73(5), 93-95. doi:10.3792/pjaa.73.93Lê Tráng, D. (1974). Calculation of Milnor number of isolated singularity of complete intersection. Functional Analysis and Its Applications, 8(2), 127-131. doi:10.1007/bf0107859
A portrait of the system: Criminal justice trends
No full textThe 6th edition Reader is a collection of primarily introductory level readings and aimed at any course with either a primary or secondary focus on the criminal justice system. In addition to exploring key and controversial topics, the text gives voice to participants from all aspects of the criminal justice system. These include readings from a judge, a defense attorney, a crown attorney, probation officer, police officer, as well as a life prisoner. It also offers essays on current issues in criminal justice and encourages students to debate and think critically about hot topics such as racial discrimination in the criminal court system or plea-bargaining. All returning chapters have been extensively revised and there are nine new readings, including a reading on Race, Ethnicity, and Criminal Justice Statistics by Alwasco-Owusu-Bempah and Paul Millar, and Indigenous Incarceration in Canada, by Andrew Reid and Julian V. Roberts. Additionally, there is a new foreword written by The Honorable Patrick Healy, from the Quebec Court of Appeal in Canada, to commemorate the 20th Anniversary of the Reader.book chapterDC Author's celebration 2022Published
Quantification of plasmodesmatal endoplasmic reticulum coupling between sieve elements and companion cells using fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching
No full textTransgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was studied to localize the activity of phloem loading during development and to establish whether the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the companion cell (CC) and the sieve element (SE) reticulum is continuous by using a SUC2 promoter-green fluorescent protein (GFP) construct targeted to the CC-ER. Expression of GFP marked the collection phloem in source leaves and cotyledons as expected, but also the transport phloem in stems, petioles, midveins of sink leaves, nonphotosynthetic flower parts, roots, and newly germinated seedlings, suggesting that sucrose retrieval along the pathway is an integral component of phloem function. GFP fluorescence was limited to CCs where it was visualized as a well-developed ER network in close proximity to the plasma membrane. ER coupling between CC and SEs was tested in wild-type tobacco using an ER-specific fluorochrome and fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP), and showed that the ER is continuous via pore-plasmodesma units. ER coupling between CC and SE was quantified by determining the mobile fraction and half-life of fluorescence redistribution and compared with that of other cell types. In all tissues, fluorescence recovered slowly when it was rate limited by plasmodesmata, contrasting with fast intracellular FRAP. FRAP was unaffected by treatment with cytochalasin D. The highest degree of ER coupling was measured between CC and SE. Intimate ER coupling is consistent with a possible role for ER in membrane protein and signal exchange between CC and SE. However, a complete lack of GFP transfer between CC and SE indicated that the intraluminal pore-plasmodesma contact has a size exclusion limit below 27 kD
Fireworks for the Emperor. A new hand-colored impression of Sebald Beham’s “Military Display in Honor of the Visit of Emperor Charles V to Munich”
No full textA little studied Einblattdruck, or single-sheet woodcut, from the sixteenth century shows early incendiary devices used to honor the entry of the Holy Roman Emperor in 1530. The large woodcut displays the military honors given to the emperor: cannons firing on a castle constructed for the occasion and fireworks. Harnessing the potential of powders for both pyrotechnics and color added by hand to prints was among the many cultural developments of the sixteenth century. This article makes known a recently rediscovered impression of the print, unique with hand coloring, which serves as the focus of discussion for several aspects of the print including the ephemeral and incendiary, the states, and related prints with rocket Turks. A technical analysis discusses the color azurite and completes the article. “The Military Display in Honor of the Visit of Emperor Charles V to Munich” ( Pauli 1115)1 measures slightly over 1 foot x 4 feet (360 x 1340 mm, 14.17 x 52.76 in.). It was printed from five wood blocks onto five sheets of paper glued side-by-side, with each image and sheet measuring ca. 350/360 x 1330/1340 mm.2 The banderole at the top indicates that the “The Princely City of Munich – Die Furstlich Statt München” is the location depicted. The year 1530 is included at lower left, and although the print is not signed, the style is unmistakably Sebald Beham’s. It is initialed “NM” at center bottom indicating the printer was Niklas Meldemann, also from Nuremberg, for whom Beham designed other prints.3 Meldemann included his name and date in the placard at upper right as the person responsible for printing the woodcut (“ytzd im druck verfertigt vnd auszgangen […] 1530. Des 10. Tags Junij”). The date of 10 June 1530 indicates the day Charles V victoriously entered Munich after his defeat of the Ottoman Turks at Vienna. The Bavarian and Austrian coat of arms, upper left and right, underscore the connection to the men identified in the placard as Bavarian dukes, the brothers Wilhelm and Ludwig. The print appears to have been made both to commemorate the event and to honor the two brothers (“Zu eren den Hochgebornen Fürsten vnd Herrn”) on the occasion of the entry of his Imperial Majesty. The inscription calls the woodcut a “true record – aigentlich verzeichnus”) of the event. The Emperor’s name, Charles V, appears to have been included only in the first state of the print, which is now lost, and his image is almost impossible to locate in the composition as are those of Wilhelm and Ludwig.
Zu den bedeutendsten Stücken in der Sammlung des Historischen Vereins von Oberbayern gehört das einzige bekannte altkolorierte Exemplar von Sebastian Behams Holzschnitt »Manöver zu Ehren Kaiser Karls V. anlässlich dessen München-Besuchs 1530«. Das von Niklas Meldemann gedruckte Blatt wurde 1860 im Rahmen der Gesamttagung der Geschichtsvereine an den Verein geschenkt und jahrzehntelang in den Vereinsräumen ausgestellt. Durch den vorliegenden Beitrag wird es aus seiner zwischenzeitlichen Versenkung wieder hervorgeholt und – im Vergleich mit eindrucksvollen Abbildungen verschiedener Siegesfeiern – als herausragende Dokumentation eines Huldigungsevents und einer militärischen Darbietung der Zeit vorgestellt. Neben der Darstellung militärischer Macht wurden auf Blättern dieser Art stets die technischen Errungenschaften der Zeit, darunter die verschiedenen Formen der Pyrotechnik, mit Freude am Detail illustriert. Auch die besiegten »Feinde« – insbesondere die einfach darzustellenden Türken – wurden gerne vorgeführt. Unter vergleichbaren Siegesfeier-Darstellungen nimmt der Beham-Holzschnitt des Historischen Vereins aufgrund seiner außergewöhnlichen Größe, seines theatralischen Aufbaus und vor allem seiner Farbigkeit eine Sonderstellung ein. Jüngst auf Anregung der Autorin Alison Stewart durchgeführte Analysen der eingesetzten Farben bestätigten, dass die eindrucksvolle Kolorierung – mit der Ausnahme einer kleinen Retusche – aus der Zeit des Drucks stammt. Die reichhaltige Farbpalette beinhaltet Pigmente, die zu dieser Zeit in der Malerei weit verbreitet waren. Die Farben kamen aus den gleichen Quellen, die auch die Chemikalien für das abgebildete Schießpulver und die Pyrotechnik lieferten – den deutschen Apotheken des 16. Jahrhunderts. Dieser Beitrag ist das Ergebnis einer Zusammenarbeit von Alison G. Stewart und Nicole Roberts. Letztere schrieb den Abschnitt »Farbanalyse« am Ende des Aufsatzes
'The country at my shoulder' : gender and belonging in three contemporary women poets
No full textThis
study considers the work of three women poets writing
in English during the
period
1970-2000. I
argue that the poets, Eavan Boland, Michele Roberts and Jackie
Kay
are all
`hybrid'
voices, positioned and positioning themselves on the borders
between different
cultures and traditions. Locating the poets within a specific social,
cultural and intellectual
context the
study considers the different
ways in
which the
poets negotiate these mixed
heritages and how
gender interacts with
their cultural
location to affect the
poetic identities they inhabit.
My
study of
Eavan Boland locates her
as a post-colonial poet writing out of a very
specific historical
relationship with
Britain. I
argue that the effects of
this
relationship are explored in two ways; the political and psychic legacy of
the British
colonisation of
Ireland but
also the ways in
which women in Ireland have been
colonised by
a nationalist poetic tradition. I
show how Boland interrogates these
different
colonisations and drawing
on the work of
Homi Bhabha I
argue that Boland
finds her
own
hybrid
space in
the Dublin
suburbs from
where she explores the
frictions between a number of conflicting positions.
My
study of
Michele Roberts explores the effects of
her dual French and English
heritage on her
writing.
I
argue that Roberts' desire to embrace both
aspects of
her
identity
manifests itself
as a desire to reconcile what western dualistic thinking has
split and separated. I
consider how Roberts advocates a writing and reading practise
which asks us to embrace the stranger within ourselves and so begin to
heal the split
within
individuals
and nations.
My
chapter on Kay
explores how
she negotiates the cultural specificity of
her
location
as a Scottish writer who
identifies
as black
and how her poetry complicates
questions of cultural authority and theories of cultural
hybridity. I
argue that Kay
through
a focus on
`performance' as both theme and aesthetic subverts simple fixed
notions of
identity.
I
conclude that all three poets problematise any simple notion of
home and belonging
as a fixed
and immutable space. Rather they inhabit borderlands, unsettled spaces,
where there is
a constant interaction and reformulation of
identity
Reconfiguring contract research? Career, work and learning in a changing employment landscape
No full textThis paper has been developed from research carried out within the ‘Learning as Work’ project, an ESRC funded multi-sector study in the UK (2003 – 2008)i. It discusses some initial findings from case study research which is focusing on the effects of contractual changes on the learning opportunities, working lives and career expectations experienced by contract research staff within Higher Education (HE) in the United Kingdom. The paper draws on a series of in-depth face-to-face interviews carried out with senior managers, contract research staff (CRS), principal investigators and other key staff members across three faculties, spanning both the ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ sciences, in one research intensive university. These are suggesting that it is unhelpful to consider CRS as an homogenous group. Factors relating to the historical relationship between research and career trajectories in contrasting disciplines; the requirements of diverse funding sources; changing expectations regarding ‘work-life balance’; the wider labour market context, as well as the nature of specific departments in terms of management style, priorities and culture, were all relevant to the lived experiences and perceptions of our sample
T Cell responses to whole SARS Coronavirus in humans
No full textEffective vaccines should confer long-term protection against future outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a novel zoonotic coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with unknown animal reservoirs. We conducted a cohort study examining multiple parameters of immune responses to SARS-CoV infection, aiming to identify the immune correlates of protection. We used a matrix of overlapping peptides spanning whole SARS-CoV proteome to determine T cell responses from 128 SARS convalescent samples by ex vivo IFN-γ ELISPOT assays. Approximately 50% of convalescent SARS patients were positive for T cell responses, and 90% possessed strongly neutralizing Abs. Fifty-five novel T cell epitopes were identified, with spike protein dominating total T cell responses. CD8+ T cell responses were more frequent and of a greater magnitude than CD4+ T cell responses (p < 0.001).
Polychromatic cytometry analysis indicated that the virus-specific T cells from the severe group tended to be a central memory phenotype (CD27+/CD45RO+) with a significantly higher frequency of polyfunctional CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, and CD8+ T cells producing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CD107a (degranulation), as compared with the mild-moderate group. Strong T cell responses correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with higher neutralizing Ab. The serum cytokine profile during acute infection indicated a significant elevation of innate immune responses. Increased Th2 cytokines were observed in patients with fatal infection. Our study provides a roadmap for the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV and types of immune responses that may be responsible for the virus clearance, and should serve as a benchmark for SARS-CoV vaccine design and evaluation
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