1,422 research outputs found
Translation of the Imperative Forms in the Holy Qur'an
No full textA Master of Arts thesis in Translation and Interpreting MATI (English/Arabic/English) by Ibrahim El Sayed Elaissawi entitled, "Translation of the Imperative Forms in the Holy Qur'an," submitted in May 2016. Thesis advisor is Dr. Ahmed Ali. Soft and hard copy available.This thesis is about the translation of the imperative forms in the Holy Qur'an. Relevant issues in translation theory are covered in the beginning of the thesis. I focused on the linguistic approaches in translation studies because they may be helpful in the translation analysis section of the thesis. Then some of the syntactic structures and semantic features of the imperative forms are explored, with examples cited from the Holy Qur'an. In the chapter on translation analysis, ten examples are discussed in light of the theoretical and linguistic background explored in the first six chapters. The three translations selected are each carried out by reputable Muslim scholars. The first translation is Translation of the Meanings of the Noble Qur'an in the English Language, written by Dr. Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din Al-Hilali and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan. The second translation, Towards Understanding the Ever-Glorious Quran, is written by Professor Muhammad Mahmoud Ghali, and the final translation is entitled The Qur'an, A new Translation by M. A. S. Abdel Haleem. The analysis is done systematically according to the following approach. After citing the ayat, the imperative form is defined in terms of its dictionary meaning, lexical root, and morphological measure. Then it is analyzed syntactically to identify its grammatical relationship to the other grammatical items preceding and following it. If there could be more than one reading of a word, these readings are studied to see their effect on meaning. All this is done in light of what the authentic books of Tafseer say about the ayat under discussion. Some elements of the translation models are explored in the beginning of the thesis to be used as a theoretical background for the translation analysis in chapter seven. The thesis concludes that the three translations examined approached the translation of the Qur'anic text in different ways. The renderings may sometimes be literal, sometimes non-literal. In several places in the translations, lexical and grammatical equivalences were maintained. However in other places, another grammatical category other than that in the source text was used to maintain the meaning of the Qur'anic text.College of Arts and SciencesDepartment of Arabic and Translation StudiesMaster of Arts in English/Arabic/English Translation and Interpreting (MATI
Mapping the Void: Landscapes of Roman Travertine Extraction
Get PDFRoman Travertine is the stone of the empire, it has
characterised the city of Rome, and unexpectedly
conditioned the Tiburtine hinterlands. This thesis
reveals the hidden scars and enduring legacies of
material extraction on landscapes, centering on the
ancient yet persistently exploited Roman travertine
quarries near Rome. Unfolding the tension between
rugged extraction sites and polished urban spaces, the
study critiques architecture’s reliance on a “Western
Paradox” where development and destruction
coexist. It places the landscape discinpline right in
the middle, an accomplice and an active actor in the
consequences of material consumption, attempting to
answer the question: How can the landscape discipline
represent the ecological and social conflicts caused
by resource extraction, and what impact does
extraction have on how landscapes are understood?
Through political ecology and interdisciplinary
analysis, it unearths the rich ecological, historical,
and political narratives surrounding travertine,
attempting to reveal its consequences through a
mapping project. In three sections, the research
first establishes the theoritical framework, addresses
Necropolitics of Extraction, exposing architecture’s
detachment from the material realities of production
and spotlighting the social and environmental
costs of material consumption. The second section,
Lapis Tiburtinus, turns to travertine itself, tracing
its symbolic and structural roles across millennia,
from shaping Rome’s grandeur to a globalized
commodity that transformed its landscapes. The final
section, Mapping Travertine Extraction, uses dynamic
cartographies of water, waste, and labour to bring the
invisible forces of extraction into stark relief, illustrating
both local devastations and global dependencies
Design in the Meta.space: A speculative investigation into the spatial perception at the virtual-analog frontier
No full textThe concept of the metaverse, a virtual world that runs parallel to our own and represents the next stage of the internet, has sparked intense debates since the blockchain craze began. However, the ability to construct and shape worlds by manipulating social, real, and imaginary spaces has arguably been a crucial aspect of artistic and scientific creativity throughout history. Accompanying an exhibition at the Francisco Carolinum in Linz, the scientific anthology Meta.space—Visions of Space from the Middle Ages to the Digital Age explores this multifaceted history from an art-historical perspective. Featuring seventy-five positions in analog, digital, and inter-media art, it provides a foundational contribution to ongoing discussions about the metaverse. The anthology covers a range of topics, including early painterly solutions to pictorial space problems in the fifteenth century, how works of sculpture create spaces, and the sensory, scholarly, and technological practices involved in charting spaces. Additionally, the book critically examines the dystopian and utopian potential of cutting-edge metaspace concepts
REIMAGINE MONUMENTAL SPACES THROUGH PERFORMATIVE ACTIONS: THE CREATION OF CONTEMPORARY LIVING ARCHIVES
No full textIl testo esamina eventi contemporanei, di natura performativa e temporanea, che promuovono
memorie alternative dei luoghi. Le azioni artistiche agiscono mettendo in relazione le storie relative
ai frammenti storici e ai monumenti con le storie contemporanee. Queste storie offrono percezioni,
ecologie e cosmologie alternative rispetto a quelle ufficiali associate al monumento. I due progetti
situati a Roma e Mosca si riferiscono ad eventi e crisi rilevanti del presente, vissute dall’utente
The Physical and the Imaginary: Transitional Perceptions of Landscapes
No full textIn an era of melting pots, in which social multiplicities coexist
within increasingly ecologically and environmentally fragile contexts,
contemporary landscape design needs new approaches,
perceptions, and shifts of gaze to prioritise from the earliest
stages of the transformation of marginal territories and the inclusive
participation of communities. Playful tactics can be an alternative
tool to build spaces of inclusion and new alliances; they
can rise to a sharing laboratory open to multiple experiences in
transitional urban spaces by acting on the imaginary. This paper
will attempt to critically read playful tactics as a tool of transition
capable of operating a paradigm shift in urban transformation by
engaging the collective imaginary
The examination of word groups in the Sabahattin Ali's story book named "Yeni Dünya"
No full textBir dili oluşturan temel ögeler kelimeler, kelime grupları ve cümlelerdir. Dillerdeki kelime sayıları sınırlıdır. Ancak kelime grupları ve cümleler sınırsızdır. Bir dilin zenginliği ve güzelliği o dilin kullanıcılarının farklı kombinasyonlarda kelimeleri bir araya getirebilme yetenekleriyle doğrudan bağlantılıdır. Kelimeleri hem estetik olarak hem de çok çeşitli anlamlarda birbiriyle ilişkili biçimde en iyi kullananlar ise şairler ve yazarlardır. Sabahattin Ali, Türk edebiyatının önemli yazarlarından biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Sabahattin Ali'nin hikâyeleri üzerinde yapılan kelime grupları incelemesi, Türk dilinin zenginliği konusunda önemli veriler sunacaktır. Ayrıca, belirlenen kelime grupları, yazarın edebî üslubunun anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunacaktır. Çalışmamız giriş, üç bölüm, ve sonuçtan oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde Sabahattin Ali'nin hayatı, edebî kişiliği, eserleri ve Yeni Dünya adlı eseri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde kelime gruplarının tanımı, genel özellikleri ve çeşitlerine yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde Sabahattin Ali'nin Yeni Dünya adlı eserinde yer alan kelime grupları ele alınmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde ise eserde yer alan kelime gruplarının kullanım sayıları tablo ile verilerek çalışma sonlandırılmıştır.The basic elements of a language are words, phrases and sentences. The number of words in languages is limited. But word groups and sentences are unlimited. The richness and beauty of a language is directly linked to the ability of its users to put words together in different combinations. Poets and writers are the ones who make the best use of words both aesthetically and in relation to each other in a wide variety of meanings. Sabahattin Ali is considered one of the important writers of Turkish literature. In this study, the analysis of word groups based on Sabahattin Ali's stories will provide important data about the richness of the Turkish language. Additionally, the identified word groups will contribute to the understanding of the author's literary style. Our study consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter, information about Sabahattin Ali's life, literary personality, his works and the Yeni Dünya is given. In the second chapter, the definition, general characteristics and types of word groups are given. In the third section, the word groups in Sabahattin Ali's Yeni Dünya are discussed. In the conclusion section, the number of word groups used in the work is given with a table and the study is finalized
Design and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of sustained-release floating tablets of itopride hydrochloride
No full textSayed M Ahmed,1 Adel Ahmed Ali,2 Ahmed MA Ali,2,3 Omiya A Hassan2,4 1Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 2Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; 3Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, El-Minia Gadida, Egypt Purpose: The aim of the present study was to improve the bioavailability of itopride (ITO) and sustain its action by formulating as a floating dosage form. Materials and methods: Sustained-release floating tablets of ITO hydrochloride (HCl) were prepared by direct compression using different hydrocolloid polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and ethylcellulose and/or methacrylic acid polymers Eudragit RSPM and Carbopol 934P. The floating property was achieved using an effervescent mixture of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid (1:1 mol/mol). Hardness, friability, content uniformity, and dissolution rate of the prepared floating tablets were evaluated. The formulation F10 composed of 28.5% Eudragit RSPM, 3% NaHCO3, and 7% citric acid provided sustained drug release. Results: In vitro results showed sustained release of F10 where the drug release percentage was 96.51%±1.75% after 24 hours (P=0.031).The pharmacokinetic results indicated that the area under the curve (AUC0–∞) of the prepared sustained-release floating tablets at infinity achieved 93.69 µg·h/mL compared to 49.89 µg·h/mL for the reference formulation (Ganaton®) and the relative bioavailability of the sustained-release formulation F10 increased to 187.80% (P=0.022). Conclusion: The prepared floating tablets of ITO HCl (F10) could be a promising drug delivery system with sustained-release action and enhanced drug bioavailability. Keywords: itopride HCl, oral drug delivery, stability study, bioavailabilit
Relations between East and West : various studies : medieval and contemporary ages / Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Academy of Scientific Research & Technology ; editors in chief Prof. Ali Ahmed El-Sayed, Dr. Luciano Gallinari, Dr. Abdallah Abdel-Ati Al-Naggar
No full textThis volume contains the results of some studies presented by Egyptian and Italian scholars at the International Conference “Peacebuilding between East and West XI-XVI c.”, organized in Cairo on, October 27, 2016 by the Egyptian Unity of research, as part of the academic activities of the Bilateral Project “History of Peace-building: peaceful relations between East and West (11th - 15th century)” carried out jointly by the Institute of the Mediterranean EuropeHistory of the CNR (Italy), and the University of Damanhour. The project is totally funded by the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)(1) of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Italian National Research Council (CNR)(2).The purpose of the Bilateral Project - and even of the aforementioned International Conference- is to carry out research in order to examine through the study of different types of documentary and narrative sources; the nature, quantity and quality of peaceful relations between Christians and Muslims in a geographical area extending from the Iberian Peninsula to the Levantin a chronological interval between the eleventh and the fifteenth centuries. Needless to say that since it is an Italian-Egyptian project, the researchers will devote particular attention in their studies to the relations between these two geographical areas.In this book, we can find the first contributions of some scholars of the two Research Units on the important theme of the complex relationships between the Christian world and the Islamic one, which characterized almost all the Middle Ages and much of the Modern Age in the area gravitating around the Mediterranean Sea.The researchers’ aim is to focus their studies on episodes, geographical areas, persons and moments which represent incidents and cases of peaceful coexistence and connection, with fruitful exchanges of various kinds of knowledge, even in a general context characterized by military, religious and ideological-cultural conflict.Beiträge teilweise italienisch, teilweise arabisch in arabischer Schrif
Playful Landscapes. Inclusive design strategies
No full textIn an era of unprecedented melting pots, in which cultural and social multiplicities coexist within increasingly ecologically and environmentally fragile contexts, contemporary landscape design requires new approaches and shifts in perspective in order to privilege inclusive participation in the regeneration processes of common spaces from the earliest stages of design. For Johan Huizniga, “playing” is the main foundation of any culture of social organisation and the tool by which homo ludens is able to transform and recreate the environment according to his needs.
The game affects imagination, correlates heterogeneous and unseen expressions, revealing invisible links. Finally, playing activates empathy, by simulating processes of role playing and democracy: it becomes a place of exchange and negotiation, revealing new possible kinships between man and the environment.
The article explores two different participatory approaches to landscape design through playful tactics, both bottom-up and implementable at different scales and contexts.
The first approach, which we call Play in the landscape, is physical, experimental, hands-on; it manifests through playful practices on the territory that not only involve the community, but also make it an integral part of the project. This reflection is supported by the critical analysis of two emblematic case studies: Floating University by Raumlaborberlin in Berlin and Réinventons la Nation by Coloco in Paris.
The second approach, which we call Play the landscape, turns planning processes in playful actions and enhances an understanding of landscape design tools, gamifying urban planning strategies into simple board game-like instruments, making them accessible to a wider public. Here, among the case studies we explore some board games, including “Relate from the Harvard Graduate School of Design”, in order to understand how, through playful participation, the community develops a deeper ecological and environmental awareness of caring for vital and inclusive spaces
Difference of opinions amongst the neo jurists of the Shafi’i is School of thought and its factors: A descriptive and analytical study / Ali Zeinelabdin Elhusseini Sayed Ahmed Zayed
No full textThis research deals with a jurisprudential issue that pertains to scholars differing in opinions within the Shafi’ school of thought with special focus on the recent or neo jurists of the said school as a subject matter since this contention interestingly manifests itself in different many ways and also since most of these jurists follow the same Imam (the founder of the Shafi’i school of thought). This research aims to explain the factors that have contributed to the Shafi’ school of thought gaining currency and popularity by highlighting its characteristics. In addition, it aims to shed light on the term khilaf (differing in opinion on an issue related to jurisprudence) and its historical development in the Shafi’ school of thought as well as the efforts exerted by recent or neo jurists in serving and expounding this school of thought. That is, it provides an overview about the stages of khilaf that occurred among the recent jurists of the school at hand with special focus on the causes of khilaf through practical examples. This research uses a historiographical approach in accounting for the phenomenon of Khilafiah in the school of thought mentioned above. It uses an inductive approach to conclude some examples meant to make the causes and results clear and understandable. It uses an analytical approach to extrapolate some cases revealing the causes of the khilaf that happened among the neo jurists of the school. Moreover, it uses a descriptive approach aimed at overviewing the subject matter of the research and at describing khilaf and issues related to it. Finally, the research has concluded: that Shafi’ school of thought has its own characteristics that are partly attributed to the personality of al-Imam al- Shafi’i himself on the one hand, and partly something that has to do with the school itself on the other. That is, there is no any distinction made in the school between khilaf and ikhtilaf. In this context, a juristic statement is treated as invalid by way of unifying the four schools of thought into one school. Likewise, the neo jurists of the Shafi’ school of thought use the term ‘consideration of khilaf’ to mean avoiding ikhtilaf. They have also included among the conflicting jurisprudential issues some debates ascribed to al-Imam al-Shafi’i. In other words, khilaf, according to the Shafi’ school of thought is classified into five categories: starting with khilaf as understood by al-Imam al- Shafi’ and ending with khilaf as understood by the neo jurists. Six attributes were ascribed to the jurists who have their own independent views explicit in the textbooks used in the school. It is also explicit that the term coined by the neo jurists has gradually developed and has gained currency. In fact, it has undergone some changes at every stage. They used the term al-Mutaqaddimin (the earlier jurists) to refer to the period before al-Sheikh Zakariyya al-Ansari, and the term al-Muta’akhkhirin (the recent jurists) to refer to his period and that after him. The efforts exerted by the recent jurists to serve the school have been manifold and plenty of variety. Furthermore, this service ranges between writing textbooks, interpretations or commentaries. This service also has extended to include improbable unfounded predictions and highly probable hypotheses in which they would issue a ruling and a verdict vis-à-vis that specific hypothetically-based case. The recent jurists of the Shafi’i school of thought are classified into those concerned with expounding textbooks and those concerned with writing commentaries. There is no significant distinction between the period of those concerned with expounding the text books and those concerned with the commentaries. khilaf is classified into three categories in the view of the recent jurists. They have actually coined their own theoretical framework. Authorship or writing on the issues of khilaf has undergone two phases. There are three main causes that bring about khilaf : first, khilaf can happen as a result of narration, and this includes differing over what is stated by al-Rafi'i and al-Nawawi, and differing over what is stated by al-Shafi’i as well as what is said by other scholars within the same school of thought. In addition, the prolific writings by both Ibn Hajar and al-Ramli and different versions of commentaries are equally a source of difference of opinion; second, khilaf can occur as a result of reasoning and adjusting. In other words, khilaf may happen because of unsound reasoning and analysis; similarly, it may occur as a result its compliance with a customary law, or because of a shortcoming in a particular statement, or even due to khilaf that originally resulted out of another khilaf; third, there is khilaf that happens as a result of jurisprudential rules, or because of different conditions and parameters, or as a result of pressing and new issues, or as a result of irregularities and anomalies
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