56,210 research outputs found
Genetický základ multirezistence u Acinetobacter baumannii
No full textCharles University in Prague, Faculty of Science Department of Genetics and Microbiology Ph.D. study program: Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii Lenka Křížová Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Alexandr Nemec, Ph.D. Supervisor-consultant: RNDr. Lubomír Janda, Ph.D. Prague 2014 SUMMARY Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen pre-eminently associated with hospital-acquired infections. Strains of this species may currently exhibit resistance to nearly all or even all clinically relevant drugs. The vast majority of epidemic and multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains belong to a few globally spread lineages, in particular to the so-called European (EU) clones I, II, and III. Complex resistance patterns displayed by these strains result from their marked capacity to develop, acquire, and combine secondary resistance mechanisms against originally effective agents. The aim of this thesis was to broaden our knowledge on the genetic basis and epidemiology of multidrug resistance in A. baumannii. The obtained results have been published in the form of six studies which are part of this thesis. In the first study, we analysed the epidemiology of carbapenem resistance among hospital strains of Acinetobacter in the...Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Přírodovědecká fakulta Katedra genetiky a mikrobiologie Studijní program: Molekulární a buněčná biologie, genetika a virologie Genetický základ multirezistence u Acinetobacter baumannii Lenka Křížová Školitel: Doc. RNDr. Alexandr Nemec, Ph.D. Konzultant: RNDr. Lubomír Janda, Ph.D. Praha 2014 SOUHRN Acinetobacter baumannii je významný původce infekcí u pacientů v nemocniční péči. Rostoucí podíl multirezistentních a panrezistentních kmenů tohoto druhu se v posledním desetiletí stal celosvětovým problémem. Z populačně-genetického hlediska je významné, že tyto kmeny náležejí pouze do několika klonálních linií, tzv. Evropských klonů I, II a III. Odolnost těchto kmenů vůči původně účinným antimikrobním látkám je dána jejich schopností účinně vyvíjet, získávat a kombinovat nejrůznější mechanismy rezistence. Tato dizertační práce obsahuje šest studií, které přispěly k rozšíření znalostí o epidemiologii a genetice multirezistence u A. baumannii. První studie se zabývá epidemiologií rezistence ke karbapenemům u nemocničních kmenů acinetobakterů. Nárůst této rezistence v letech 2005-2006 byl spojen s rozšířením kmenů A. baumannii náležejícím k Evropskému klonu II a hlavním mechanismem této rezistence byla zvýšená exprese druhově inherentního genu pro OXA-51. U studovaných kmenů byla dále...Department of Genetics and MicrobiologyKatedra genetiky a mikrobiologieFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult
Review of Fokin, Alexandr: “Kommunizm ne za gorami”: obrazy budushego u vlasti i naseleniya SSSR na rubezhe 1950–1960-h godov: Monografiia. Chelyabinsk: Entsiklopediya, 2012
No full textTikhomirov A. Review of Fokin, Alexandr: “Kommunizm ne za gorami”: obrazy budushego u vlasti i naseleniya SSSR na rubezhe 1950–1960-h godov: Monografiia. Chelyabinsk: Entsiklopediya, 2012. Istorex: istoricheskaia expertisa. 2016;2:158-165
FIGURES 11–14. Tarsonemus fraxini, male paratype. 11,leg I in Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine
No full textFIGURES 11–14. Tarsonemus fraxini, male paratype. 11,leg I; 12, leg II; 13, leg III; 14, leg IV.Published as part of Magowski, Wojciech L. & Khaustov, Alexandr A., 2006, Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine, pp. 31-55 in Zootaxa 1359 on page 39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17464
FIGURES 35–37. Tarsonemus bistridentati, larva paratype. 35 in Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine
No full textFIGURES 35–37. Tarsonemus bistridentati, larva paratype. 35, idiosoma; 36, gnathosoma dorsum; 37, gnathosoma venter.Published as part of Magowski, Wojciech L. & Khaustov, Alexandr A., 2006, Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine, pp. 31-55 in Zootaxa 1359 on page 52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17464
FIGURES 1–3. Tarsonemus fraxini, female holotype. 1 in Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine
No full textFIGURES 1–3. Tarsonemus fraxini, female holotype. 1, idiosoma; 2, gnathosoma dorsum, 3, gnathosoma venter.Published as part of Magowski, Wojciech L. & Khaustov, Alexandr A., 2006, Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine, pp. 31-55 in Zootaxa 1359 on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17464
FIGURES 15–17. Tarsonemus fraxini, larva paratype. 15 in Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine
No full textFIGURES 15–17. Tarsonemus fraxini, larva paratype. 15, idiosoma; 16, gnathosoma dorsum; 17, gnathosoma venter.Published as part of Magowski, Wojciech L. & Khaustov, Alexandr A., 2006, Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine, pp. 31-55 in Zootaxa 1359 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17464
FIGURES 24–27. Tarsonemus bistridentati, female holotype. 24,leg I in Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine
No full textFIGURES 24–27. Tarsonemus bistridentati, female holotype. 24,leg I; 25, leg II; 26, leg III; 27, leg IV.Published as part of Magowski, Wojciech L. & Khaustov, Alexandr A., 2006, Two new species of Tars on em u s (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Crimea, Ukraine, pp. 31-55 in Zootaxa 1359 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17464
A Dynamic Subfilter-scale Stress Model for Large Eddy Simulations Based on Physical Flow Scales
No full textWe propose a new definition of the length scale in an eddy-viscosity model for large-eddy simulations (LES). This formulation extends and generalizes a previous proposal [Piomelli, Rouhi and Geurts, Proc. ETMM10, 2014], in which the LES length scale was expressed in terms of the integral length-scale of turbulence determined by the flow characteristics and explicitly decoupled from the simulation grid; this approach was named Integral Length-Scale Approximation (ILSA). As in the original ILSA, the model coefficient was determined by the user, and required to maintain a desired contribution of the unresolved, subfilter scales (SFS) to the global transport. We propose a local formulation (local ILSA) in which the model coefficient is local in space, allowing a precise control over SFS activity as a function of location. This new formulation preserves the properties of the global model; application to channel flow and backward-facing step verifies its features and accuracy
Large-eddy simulation of a separated flow with a sub-filter scale model based on the integral length-scale
No full textA new sub-filter scale model for large-eddy simulations, which uses a length-scale proportional to the integral scale of the turbulence instead of the grid resolution to parametrize the modelled stresses, will be assessed in the prediction of the flow of a boundary-layer over a rough surface, which includes separation and reattachment
Near Wall PIV-Measurements on the Windward Slope of a Hill
No full textThe turbulent flow over periodic hills was measured near to the wall, using planar Particle-Image-Velocimetry (PIV) at high spatial resolution. Our focus is on the near wall turbulence structure on the windward slope of the hill. For large-eddy simulation (LES) we suspect that, if this was not predicted accurately, it affects the prediction of the velocity profiles over the hill crest which in turn will affect the recirculation length downstream of the hill. Regarding the time averaged velocities, we were able to resolve the linear viscous region of the boundary layer. The velocity distribution and also the Reynolds stress does not comply with the law of the wall as it is valid for a turbulent boundary layer at equilibrium
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