31 research outputs found
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Exploring the Predictors of Technical Violations and Their Impact on Specialty Court Program Outcomes
No full textSpecialty court programs have emerged as a rehabilitative alternative to traditional punitive responses for driving while intoxicated (DWI) offenders. While these courts aim to reduce recidivism and promote rehabilitation, technical violations—infractions of court-ordered conditions—can impact program outcomes. This study examines the predictors of technical violations and their influence on program completion and recidivism within a southwestern DWI court program. Using secondary data from 255 participants, logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between demographic, supervision, and criminal history variables with program violations and outcomes. Findings indicate that participants with more criminogenic risk factors, such as prior charges and lower socioeconomic status, incurred more technical violations, decreasing their likelihood of program completion. However, technical violations were not significantly associated with increased recidivism. Employment and higher income levels were positively correlated with successful program completion. These findings underscore the importance of individualized supervision strategies, enhanced support services, and employment opportunities for high-risk participants. Policy implications suggest a need for targeted interventions to mitigate technical violations and improve long-term rehabilitation outcomes
Endoscopic Approach to the Quadrilateral Plate (EAQUAL): a New Endoscopic Approach for Plate Osteosynthesis of the Pelvic Ring and Acetabulum – a Cadaver Study
No full textZusammenfassung
Hintergrund Dislozierte Frakturen des Beckens werden üblicherweise über offene chirurgische Zugänge osteosynthetisch versorgt. Die zugangsbedingte Morbidität beträgt dabei nach Literaturangaben bis zu 30%. Ziel dieser anatomischen Studie war die Machbarkeit einer endoskopischen Visualisierung der in der Beckenchirurgie wichtigen anatomischen Strukturen sowie die Durchführung einer komplett endoskopischen Plattenosteosynthese des Azetabulums mit vorhandenem laparoskopischen Standardinstrumentarium.
Methodik An 4 anatomischen Ganzkörperpräparaten erfolgte die endoskopische Präparation des gesamten Beckenringes von der Symphyse bis zum Iliosakralgelenk. Dabei konnte die gesamte quadrilaterale Fläche bis hin zur Spina ischiadica mit dem N. ischiadicus dargestellt werden. Anschließend erfolgte eine komplett endoskopische Plattenosteosynthese entlang der Linea iliopectinea.
Ergebnisse Die endoskopische Präparation des Beckenringes und der quadrilateralen Fläche wird Schritt für Schritt dargestellt, gefolgt von einer komplett endoskopischen Osteosynthese entlang der Linea iliopectinea. Endoskopische, radiografische sowie schematische Darstellungen illustrieren die Technik.
Schlussfolgerung Die komplett endoskopische Präparation des Beckenringes und der quadrilateralen Fläche inkl. Plattenosteosynthese ist mit dem vorhandenen Standardinstrumentarium möglich. Bevor eine Implementierung in die klinische Versorgung erfolgen kann, müssen allerdings insbesondere Fragen zu Repositionsmöglichkeiten weiter untersucht werden.</jats:p
Zugänge zum vorderen Beckenring
No full textZusammenfassungDie Inzidenz von operativ versorgungspflichtigen Beckenverletzungen steigt in den letzten Jahren vor allem bei älteren Patienten. Die Kenntnis aller anwendbaren Zugangsmöglichkeiten und die richtige Indikationsstellung für den operativen Zugang ist für den Operateur unerlässlich. In diesem Artikel werden die häufigsten ventralen Zugänge zum Beckenring und zum Azetabulum beschrieben.</jats:p
EASY (endoscopic approach to the symphysis): a new minimally invasive approach for the plate osteosynthesis of the symphysis and the anterior pelvic ring—a cadaver study and first clinical results
No full textRotational Stability of Scaphoid Osteosyntheses: An In Vitro Comparison of Small Fragment Cannulated Screws to Novel Bone Screw Sets.
No full textBACKGROUND:The current standard of care for operative repair of scaphoid fractures involves reduction and internal fixation with a single headless compression screw. However, a compression screw in isolation does not necessarily control rotational stability at a fracture or nonunion site. The single screw provides rotational control through friction and bone interdigitation from compression at the fracture site. We hypothesize that osteosyntheses with novel bone screw sets (BSS) equipped with anti-rotational elements provide improved rotational stability. METHODS:Stability of osteosynthesis under increasing cyclic torsional loading was investigated on osteotomized cadaveric scaphoids. Two novel prototype BSS, oblique type (BSS-obl.) and longitudinal type (BSS-long.) were compared to three conventional screws: Acutrak2®mini, HCS®3.0 and Twinfix®. Biomechanical tests were performed on scaphoids from single donors in paired comparison and analyzed by balanced incomplete random block design. Loading was increased by 50 mNm increments with 1,000 cycles per torque level and repeated until a rotational clearance of 10°. Primary outcome measure was the number of cycles to 10° clearance, secondary outcome measure was the maximum rotational clearance for each torque level. FINDINGS:BSS-obl. performed significantly better than Acutrak2®mini and HCS® (p = 0.015, p<0.0001). BSS-long. performed significantly better than HCS® (p = 0.010). No significant difference in performance between BSS-obl. and BSS-long. (p = 0.361), between BSS obl. and Twinfix® (p = 0.50) and BSS long. and Twinfix® (p = 0.667) was detected. Within the torque range up to 200 mNm, four of 21 (19%) BSS-long. and four of 21 (19%) BSS-obl. preparations showed early failure. The same loading led to early failure in four (29%) Twinfix®, seven (50%) Acutrak2®mini and 10 (71%) HCS® of 14 screw samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:For both BSS and to a lesser extent for Twinfix® (as dual-component screw), higher rotational stabilities were identified in comparison to single component headless compression screws
primary outcome (Statistics for primary outcome by implant): dataset on total cycles until failure for all tested screws.
No full textprimary outcome (Statistics for primary outcome by implant): dataset on total cycles until failure for all tested screws.</p
a-e. Screw types.
No full textThe shown screws were used for the test series: Acutrak®2mini (Acumed) (Fig 1a), Twinfix® (Stryker) (Fig 1b), HCS® 3.0 (Synthes) (Fig 1c), and prototypes of the two new BSS sets with an additional crosswise drill hole with an inner thread in oblique type (BSS-obl.) (Fig 1d) and with a longitudinal groove with an inner thread and longitudinal screw as a longitudinal type (BSS-long.) (Fig 1e).</p
a-d. Sample of a force/angle diagram.
No full textForce/angle diagrams of the cyclic load of a scaphoid bone with a torque load from 150 to 300 mNm and resulting loss of stability. In Fig 4d loosening of the screw fastening is clearly visible by the curves which run out to the right and the line up to 10°.</p
Statistics for secondary outcome by implant.
No full textAdjustment for Multiplicity: Holm- Simulated.</p
