40 research outputs found
Vegetation and Climate Changes During the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene in Sw Anatolia (vol 84, Pg 448, 2015)
No full textWesselingh, Frank/0000-0003-3655-0701; Alcicek, Mehmet Cihat/0000-0001-7689-7625; Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo/0000-0001-7185-868
A multiproxy study of the early Pleistocene palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic conditions of an anastomosed fluvial sequence from the Cameli Basin (SW Anatolia, Turkey)
No full textNECLIME Annual Meeting -- OCT 19-22, 2014 -- Izmir, TURKEYA multiproxy study of the anastomosed fluvial succession from the Cameli Basin (SW Anatolia, Turkey) provides new insights on the palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical evolution of an extensional basin located at the top of western Taurides mountain range in the eastern Mediterranean. Detailed sedimentological, palaeontological and geochemical analyses on biogenic carbonates were carried out on the early Pleistocene (latest Villanyian) organic-rich fluvial succession in the Bicakci locality. Five main fades association groups characteristic of different sedimentary environments are recognized: (i) channel (CH), comprising lens-shaped bodies of fine-to medium-grained sandstones with minor siltstone inter layers; (ii) crevasse-splay (CS), including laminated siltstones and fine-to medium-grained sandstones sheets; (iii) pond (PD), containing laminated carbonaceous shales interbedded with siltstone or sandstone; (iv) swamp (SW), comprising coal beds with siltstone interbeds; and (v) floodplain (FP), including massive mud stones interbedded with siltstone and sandstone beds. Detailed facies analysis of the Bicakci succession reflects deposition on a floodplain which was traversed by a network of low-energy, well-defined channels separated by swamp and ponded areas in an anastomosed fluvial system. The Bicakci succession comprises a very rich micromammal fauna with a few large mammal remains, a rich variety of molluscs, plant macrofossils and pollen. This comprehensive record allows a multiproxy approach in reconstructing the early Pleistocene palaeoenvironment The fauna and flora and stable isotope composition of the mollusc fauna of the Bicakci succession reflect vegetated quiet to slow moving freshwater shallow lakes and swamps under mostly cold and arid climatic conditions (stages 1 and 3) interrupted by a warm and subhumid interval (stage 2). The multiproxy record from Bicakci shows that early Pleistocene palaeoenvironments were predominantly open, steppe with some isolated shrubs and trees with forest at higher elevations. The very diverse landscape mosaics in the Cameli Basin during the early Pleistocene provided an excellent setting for refugia of Eurasian taxa. The biogeographic signature of mollusc and plant biota is predominantly modern Palaearctic with a minor amount of modern Palaearctic of the eastern Mediterranean, whereas mammal biota are dominated by extinct Palaearctic with a low proportion of the modern Palaearctic. During the early Pleistocene (2.25-2.1 Ma), the palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironmental conditions in Bicakci correspond to climatic deterioration after the onset of northern hemisphere glaciation (NHG, similar to 2.55 Ma) in the eastern Mediterranean. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.NECLIMEMartin and Temminck fellowships; Temminck fellowship; SYNTHESYS grant; TUBITAK-RFBRTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111Y192]; Turkish Academy of SciencesTurkish Academy of SciencesHulya Alcicek and Alexey S. Tesakov received Martin and Temminck fellowships, respectively, for their visits to Naturalis. M. Cihat Alcicek benefited from both a Temminck fellowship and a SYNTHESYS grant for consecutive visits to Naturalis. Hulya Alcicek, M. Cihat Alcicek, Serdar Mayda and Alexey S. Tesakov benefited from the bilateral project of TUBITAK-RFBR (111Y192). M. Cihat Alcicek granted by TUBA-GEBIP (Outstanding Young Scientist Award by the Turkish Academy of Sciences). Ruud Bank helped us with the clarification of the identity of the terrestrial gastropod species. We thank guest editor Louis Francois and Thomas Neubauer, Angela Bruch and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive and helpful comments that improved the manuscript. The manuscript was critically reviewed and edited by Teresa Spicer. This study is a contribution to NECLIME
Evolution of a fault-controlled fissure-ridge type travertine deposit in the western Anatolia extensional province: the Çukurbag fissure-ridge (Pamukkale, Turkey)
No full textIn recent decades various interpretations have been proposed to explain the evolution of fissureridge- type travertine deposits. In this paper, we discuss the relationships between fissure-ridges and brittle structures affecting their substratum, through a detailed analysis of an inactive fissure-ridge (near Çukurbag) located in the Pamukkale geothermal area (western Turkey). The Çukurbag fissure-ridge can be taken as a model as it offers an opportunity to examine its internal structure on the walls of a Roman quarry; in addition, this ridge has been studied by several researchers who have discussed the processes promoting the fissureridge evolution. The Çukurbag fissure-ridge is composed of irregularly alternating travertine laminated facies (bedded travertine) crosscut into rather large lithons by subvertical crystalline veins (banded travertine). The relationships between bedded and banded travertine indicate that the banded veins are diachronous and migrated through time, suggesting a progressive fault zone enlargement in the footwall. Such a fault zone was characterized by polycyclic activity, with normal to transtensional kinematics, and was active during the latest Quaternary. We demonstrate that formation of banded veins is coeval with bedded travertine deposition and strictly depends on fault activity, therefore highlighting the fundamental role of travertine fissure-ridges in reconstructing palaeotectonic activity in a region. © 2014 The Geological Society of London
Step-over fault zones controlling geothermal fluid-flow and travertine formation (Denizli Basin, Turkey)
No full textIn the Honalilar area (Denizli Basin, Turkey), the occurrence of banded Ca-carbonate veins and travertine de- posits, represented by a dismantled fissure ridge-type depositional system, are the evidence of a middle-late Pleistocene exhumed, shallow, hydrothermal system. Their occurrence offers the best opportunity to: (i) re- construct the fluid paths from the underground to the palaeo-surface, and (ii) analyse the role of fault zones in controlling the permeability and fluids circulation. Permeability developed in overstepping regional scale normal faults, with a slight left-lateral oblique-slip component. At the surface, faults favored the localization and development of a fissure ridge-type travertine deposit. At depth, the root of the hydrothermal system consists of W-E oriented fractures filled of up to 6.5 m thick Ca-carbonate veins, developed in a high dilatation zone. It corresponds to the step-over determined by the oblique-slip kinematics of the NW-striking main faults. The high dilatation step-over zone contrasted the progressive sealing induced by the concomitant Ca-carbonate deposition within the fractures, thus favoring permeability maintenance and fluids circulation for at least 200 ka. This evidence adds key inputs for predicting permeable volumes during geothermal exploration in areas affected by extensional tectonics. The main NW-oriented faults remained active even after the hydrothermal fluid flow, causing the dismantlement and progressive exhumation of the upper part of the hydrothermal system.In the Honalilar area (Denizli Basin, Turkey), the occurrence of banded Ca-carbonate veins and travertine deposits, represented by a dismantled fissure ridge-type depositional system, are the evidence of a middle-late Pleistocene exhumed, shallow, hydrothermal system. Their occurrence offers the best opportunity to: (i) reconstruct the fluid paths from the underground to the palaeo-surface, and (ii) analyse the role of fault zones in controlling the permeability and fluids circulation. Permeability developed in overstepping regional scale normal faults, with a slight left-lateral oblique-slip component. At the surface, faults favored the localization and development of a fissure ridge-type travertine deposit. At depth, the root of the hydrothermal system consists of W-E oriented fractures filled of up to 6.5 m thick Ca-carbonate veins, developed in a high dilatation zone. It corresponds to the step-over determined by the oblique-slip kinematics of the NW-striking main faults. The high dilatation step-over zone contrasted the progressive sealing induced by the concomitant Ca-carbonate deposition within the fractures, thus favoring permeability maintenance and fluids circulation for at least 200 ka. This evidence adds key inputs for predicting permeable volumes during geothermal exploration in areas affected by extensional tectonics. The main NW-oriented faults remained active even after the hydrothermal fluid flow, causing the dismantlement and progressive exhumation of the upper part of the hydrothermal system
Author Correction: A new ape from Türkiye and the radiation of late Miocene hominines
No full textCorrection to: Communications Biology, published online 23 August 2023. In the original version of the Article, two authors and their affiliations were omitted. In the original version of the Article, author first names were not provided for all authors. The corrected author list and affiliations are provided below. This has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article. Ayla Sevim-Erol1, David R. Begun2, Alper Yavuz3, Erhan Tarhan4, Çilem Sönmez Sözer1, Serdar Mayda5, Lars W. van den Hoek Ostende6, Robert M. G. Martin2 ; M. Cihat Alçiçek7 1 Ankara University, Faculty of Languages History and Geography, Department of Anthropology, Ankara, Türkiye 2 Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 3 Mehmet Akif Ersoy University of Science and Letters, Department of Anthropology, Burdur, Türkiye 4 Hitit University Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Anthropology, Çorum, Türkiye 5 Ege University Fakulty of Science, Department of Biology, İzmir, Türkiye 6 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands 7 Pamukkale University, Department of Geology, 20070 Denizli, Türkiye The Author Contributions section should read “A.S.E. is the PR of the project, secured funding for excavations and lab analysis and directed excavations. A.S.E. and D.R.B. are responsible for data curation, acquired funding and supervised research. D.R.B. conceptualized the analysis, conducted the investigation, developed the methodology, prepared the original draft and all subsequent versions. C.S.S., S.M., L.W.vdH. and C.A. contributed their analysis of geological and paleontological results. R.M.G.M. was responsible for the segmentation and analysis of the scans of the mandible. A.Y and E.T. participated in the excavations.” This has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article. © 2023, Springer Nature Limited
Continuous presence of proto-cereals in Anatolia since 2.3 Ma, and their possible co-evolution with large herbivores and hominins
No full textCereals are a central resource for the human diet and are traditionally assumed to have evolved from wild grasses at the onset of the Neolithic under the pressure of agriculture. Here we demonstrate that cereals may have a significantly longer and more diverse lineage, based on the study of a 0-2.3 Ma, 601 m long sedimentary core from Lake Acgol (South-West Anatolia). Pollen characteristic of cereals is abundant throughout the sedimentary sequence. The presence of large lakes within this arid bioclimatic zone led to the concentration of large herbivore herds, as indicated by the continuous occurrence of coprophilous fungi spores in the record. Our hypothesis is that the effects of overgrazing on soils and herbaceous stratum, during this long period, led to genetic modifications of the Poaceae taxa and to the appearance of proto-cereals. The simultaneous presence of hominins is attested as early as about 1.4 Ma in the lake vicinity, and 1.8 Ma in Georgia and Levant. These ancient hominins probably benefited from the availability of these proto-cereals, rich in nutrients, as well as various other edible plants, opening the way, in this region of the Middle East, to a process of domestication, which reached its full development during the Neolithic.TUBITAK-CNRS bilateral cooperation [114Y723]; ECCOREV (CNRS (ACIGoL project)); LABEX OT-MED (Bilat project); ANR (MRSEI, ACIGoL project); ALKM CompanyThis research was conducted as part of the TUBITAK-CNRS bilateral cooperation with the grant number of 114Y723 during 2015-2017. The researches were further funded by ECCOREV (CNRS (ACIGoL project), the LABEX OT-MED (Bilat project) and by the ANR (MRSEI, ACIGoL project). The long coring of Acgol (core 3) was funded by ALKM Company due to the Acgol Drilling Project signed between Cahit Helvac (DEU) and the ALKM and SODAS Companies. We are grateful to the companies of ALKM and SODAS, particularly to the courtesy of their respective owner and Mr Cihat Kora who permitted us to access and work on the Acgol Core-3. Moreover, Mr Huseyin unlu, the general director of ALKM Company during the coring, Mr. unal Ark director of ALKM and Mr. Mahmut Eser, the correspondent of the core is greatly appreciated as well as Mr. Serdar Salanc, the general director, and Mr. Necati Demirer the director of SODAS Cardak Plant. We thank Dahvya Belkacem for having extracted the pollen from the series of Acgol and Kocaba. We thank Michelle Leydet for storing our pollen data in EPD. We thank Alain Tonetto and the Platform for Analytical Technological and Imaging Research (PRATIM), from Aix Marseille University, for the confocal photographies of the pollen. Finally, we would like to thank Dr Chenglong Deng (Editorial Board Member of Scientific Reports) and the reviewer, Dr Li Quan, for very pertinent remarks, which helped to improve the manuscript significantly
Comment on "Miocene to Quaternary tectonostratigraphic evolution of the middle section of the Burdur-Fethiye Shear Zone, south-western Turkey: Implications for the wide inter-plate shear zones. Tectonophysics 690, 336-354"
No full textScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111Y192]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [111Y192]; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA)Turkish Academy of SciencesThe authors are grateful to the support of the international bilateral project between The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) and The Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) with grant number of 111Y192. We are grateful to J.D. Gardner (Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology) for reading and improving an earlier version of the manuscript. M.C. Alcicek is indebted to the GEBIP grant (The Outstanding Young Scientist Award) given by the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA)
Hydrogeochemical and isotopic assessment and geothermometry applications in relation to the Karahayıt Geothermal Field (Denizli Basin, SW Anatolia, Turkey)
No full textThe Karahayıt Geothermal Field (KGF) is located at the northern margin of the Denizli Basin in SW Anatolia (Turkey) where thermal waters discharge along the Quaternary normal fault segments locally displaced by conjugate transfer faults. Major and trace element contents and stable isotopes (?18O, ?2H, ?3H and ?13C) of the KGF thermal and cold waters were analyzed in order to determine their origin and evolution and reservoir temperatures. Two main thermal waters, indicated as being fed by steam-heated aquifers, are recognized: (1) Ca-HCO3 and (2) Ca-SO4 types. All thermal waters have shown non-equilibrium chemical conditions, indicating mixing processes. According to the ?18O (-9.14 to -8.07‰) and ?2H (-59.50 to -51.80‰) data, the KGF thermal waters are meteoric in origin and originated from precipitation in the northern piedmont of Yenice Horst with elevation of 900 m asl. Various geothermometers yield the reservoir temperatures of 80–130 °C. A conceptual flow model for the KGF was suggested as follows: the thermal waters were derived from a regional flow system with high recharge areas and deep circulation depth. The NW- and NE-trending conjugate fault segments (the Pamukkale Fault Zone) serve as features of hydraulic channelling, magmatic heat source and fluid convection in the extensional settings. This fault system is characterized by migration of a large amount of CO2-rich gas from the deep geothermal reservoir. Consequently, the KGF is characterized by a fault-hosted geothermal system affected by magmatism and active extensional tectonics, the same as other geothermal fields in this crustal extensional setting. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Faunal and palaeoenvironmental changes in the çal Basin, SW Anatolia: Implications for regional stratigraphic correlation of late Cenozoic basins
No full textThe çal Basin formed in the late Miocene as an orogen-top rift hosting terrestrial sedimentation. The initial array of alluvial fans in a half-graben basin was replaced by an axial meandering-river system during the late Tortonian. Palaeomammal taxa indicate a mid-Turolian age of the deposits and a grass-dominated steppe ecosystem. Isotopic data from pedogenic carbonates indicate a warm, semiarid to arid climate. Subhumid to humid climatic conditions prevailed in the Pliocene, with a palustrine environment and savannah-type open ecosystem, recording a regional response to the marine flooding that terminated the Messinian 'salinity crisis' in the Mediterranean. Pleistocene saw re-establishment of a fluvial system in the basin with the development of an open steppe ecosystem in warm, semiarid to arid climatic conditions. The sedimentary facies analysis of the basin-fill succession, combined with biostratigraphic data, render the basin a regional reference and help to refine the Neogene tectono-climatic history of SW Anatolia. © 2012 Académie des sciences.105Y280The study was sponsored by TUBITAK (research grant 105Y280) and Turkish Academy of Sciences. Constructive reviews from W. Nemec (Bergen Univ.) and L. van den Hoek Ostende (NCB Naturalis) have improved the original manuscript. -
Hierarchical approach to define travertine depositional systems: 3D conceptual morphological model and possible applications
No full text© 2019 Elsevier Ltd 3D modelling represents a powerful tool to characterize the geobody architecture of depositional systems. Several examples have been proposed in literature both for marine carbonates and siliciclastics rocks. For modelling, quantitative data related to orientation, shape and dimension are fundamental. Continental carbonates, however, are not considered yet, likely because they cover a large range of deposits such as speleothems, tufas, lacustrine carbonates and travertines. The interpretation of the depositional environments of the latter is still in fact debated by the scientific community. However, the interest in continental carbonates and especially travertines increased over the last decades due to the discovery of supergiant unconventional reservoirs in the Southern Atlantic (i.e. the so-called “Pre-salt play”). Aim of this paper is to present an innovative workflow to investigate and describe continental carbonates as geobodies based on a hierarchical approach applied to three large scale travertine settings, i.e. Terme di San Giovanni (Italy), Pamukkale (Turkey) and the Lapis Tiburtinus travertines (Italy). Travertine depo-systems are divided in three different depo-zones, namely proximal, intermediate and distal, that are characterized by different depo-elements, depo-shapes and depo-facies. Finally, a 3D morphological model is created based on numerical and vector approaches and interpolation of both. The model can be applied to seismic data of Brazilian and Angolan Pre-salt, highlighting the similarities between these systems and for the first time the scale independence of these depositional system, representing an important advantage in their interpretation. The 3D model and the approach proposed facilitates seismic interpretation, allowing to define and characterize geometries of inaccessible geological contexts.sponsorship: We are grateful to TOTAL S.A., Royal Dutch SHELL plc. and Petroleo Brasileiro S.A-PETROBRAS for funding the TraRAS project. Many thanks to Pacifici (Fratelli Dandini), Querciolaie (Francesca, Aurelio and Roberto) and Poggi (Maurizio and Valentino) quarries for all the assistance provided in the field. Special thanks give also to M. Cihat Alcicek, the editor Marco Brandano and the anonymous reviewer for handling our manuscript and for the very constructive comments. (TOTAL S.A., Royal Dutch SHELL plc., Petroleo Brasileiro S.A-PETROBRAS)status: Publishe
