48 research outputs found

    North-East Interface: Ethnographic Reading of the Hidden Land

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    This paper is an attempt to explore the general and demographic overview of North East India pertaining to ethnicity and ethnic set up. There is no other part in the country which is more diverse to us than the entire North East and it’s not some small corners of India, it spreads over 2.6 lakh square kilometres, larger than hundred sixteen nations of the world and inhabited by more than two hundred fascinating communities largely originated from Caucasoid, Mongoloids and Australoids. They also show an ethno-cultural bridging with the neighbouring countries of South East Asia. This region has more than four hundred languages and dialects representing each and every ethnic community with Assamese as a ‘lingua-franca’. North East is also home to more than seventy five percent languages belonging to the four language families i.e. - Indo-Aryan, Tibeto-Burman, Austro-Asiatic and Dravidian. To find four language families in such a place is really incredible and could be well regarded as a linguistic area. The phenomenal rise and growth of multi-ethnic identities in this kaleidoscopic land presents the picture of the possibilities of exploring the human scrapes, its culture, demography and above all the ‘ethnic way of life’ (Biswas and Suklabaidya,)  with the view of imagining an inside of thinking. It further tries to widen the socio-political and philosophical imaginations of the ‘nation from below’ (Biswas and Suklabaidya, 231). Also ethnography sets an agenda to explore the cultural position of ethnic groups lost in the universalist mapping of humanity

    The past, present, and future of piezoelectric fluoropolymers: Towards efficient and robust wearable nanogenerators

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    Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) derivatives in metal/PVDF/metal (MPM) sandwich structures have been studied extensively since 1969. Cousin copolymers of the same family have been discovered with fascinating piezoelectric, pyroelectric, electrocaloric, and ferroelectric properties. Solution processing, flexibility, lightweight, and thermal stability make this class of materials complementary to inorganics. Thus, PVDF based polymers potentially compete with inorganic materials for a broad range of technologies such as energy generators, loudspeakers, coolers, and memories. However, the stable non-electroactive α-phase and hydrophobic nature of PVDF are the main barriers for developoing high performing and robust MPM devices in electronic applications. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview on different methods to induce the electroactive β-phase and improve the adhesion strength with metals to ensure robust and durable MPM devices. We go through advantages and disadvantages of several methods and pinpoint future opportunities in this research area. A special attention is paid to wearable piezoelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting from human body motion, where flexible PVDF derivatives are compared with rigid piezoelectric ceramics. While the piezoelectric coefficient of PVDF (d33 ~ 24–34 pm/V) is one order lower than ceramic materials, novel co-polymers of PVDF display d33 &gt; 1000 pm/V upon bias. This shows promise to bring piezoelectrics to flexible and large-area applications such as smart textiles. We also discussed challenges to improve wearability, such as light weight, breathability, and flexibility.Funding Agencies|Linköpings Universitet, LiU, (2009-00971); Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, (KAW 2022-0383)</p

    Stability and Convergence Analysis of an Exact Finite Difference Scheme for Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations

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    This report addresses the boundary value problem for a second-order linear singularly perturbed FIDE. Traditional methods for solving these equations often face stability issues when dealing with small perturbation parameters. We propose an exact finite difference method to solve these equations and provide a detailed stability and ε\varepsilon-uniform convergence analysis. Our approach is validated with an example, demonstrating its uniform convergence and applicability, with a convergence order of 1. The results illustrate the method\u27s robustness in handling perturbation effects efficiently

    Native Cellulose Microfiber-Based Hybrid Piezoelectric Generator for Mechanical Energy Harvesting Utility

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    A flexible hybrid piezoelectric generator (HPG) based on native cellulose microfiber (NCMF) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as conducting filler is presented where the further chemical treatment of the cellulose and traditional electrical poling steps for piezoelectric voltage generation is avoided. It delivers a high electrical throughput that is an open circuit voltage of ∼30 V and power density ∼9.0 μW/cm<sup>3</sup> under repeated hand punching. We demonstrate to power up various portable electronic units by HPG. Because cellulose is a biocompatible material, suggesting that HPG may have greater potential in biomedical applications such as implantable power source in human body
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