1,531 research outputs found
Science and Islam : A History, by Ehsan Masood
No full textEhsan Masood, Science and Islam : A History, Icon Books, 2017. From Musa al-Khwarizmi who developed algebra in 9th century Baghdad to al-Jazari, a 13th-century Turkish engineer whose achievements include the crank, the camshaft and the reciprocating piston, Science and Islam tells the story of one of history’s most misunderstood yet rich and fertile periods in science: the extraordinary Islamic scientific revolution between 700 and 1400 CE. Ehsan Masood is Acting Chief Commissioning Editor at..
DR. TAHIR TAUNSVI'S WORK ON MASOOD HASSAN RIZVI ADEEB
No full textDr. Tahir Taunsvi is a well-known and acclaimed researcher, critic, and poet of Urdu language and literature. His, more than seventy remarkable books (compilations and compositions) are a great contribution to Urdu research and criticism. He has also written more than three hundred valuable research articles. He introduced many literary personalities to the arena of the Urdu language and literature. Prominent Indian researcher and critic Syed Masood Hassan Rizvi Adeeb and his literary dimensions are an important field of Dr. Tahir Taunsvi’s research work. In this article, the authors have presented an analytical study of the following four research books of Dr. Tahir Taunsvi. Masood Hassan Rizvi Adeeb: Hayat Aur Karnamay, Lakhnawyat_e _Adeeb, Razm Nama Anees O Dabeer Taaruf O Taqabal, Masood Hassan Rizvi Adeeb, Kitabyaat. In these detailed and comprehensive research books, the author has unfolded the life history, different literary dimensions (especially, as a critic, researcher, and poet), and the worth of literary achievements of Syed Masood Hassan Rizvi Adeeb. This study not only unveils the salient features of these exceptional research books of Dr. Tahir Taunsvi but also throws light on the multidimensional literary aspects of renowned writer Masood Hassan Rizvi Adeeb
The Tones of Sadness in Habsiat of Masood Saad and Osariyat Of Al-Mutamid Bin Abbad: A Comparative Survey
No full textThe separation of any person from family and friends is an experience that generates a feeling of sadness and loneliness. This is the result of causes outside human will. So, the bitter conditions that the two poets, Masood Saad-e Salman and Al-Mutamid Bin Abbad, have lived through In the days they spent in prison have led them to compose poems that express their emotions about life. The Poetry of Masood Saad-e Salman about prison is called " Habsiat" and that of Al-Mutamid Bin Abbad is called " Osariyat". These poems are characterized by features which make them a special kind of literature. This article tries to survey and study the prison poetry of these two poets, one Persian and one an Arab. The results of this study show the correlation of the two texts. There are common themes in the poems of Masood Saad-e Salman and Al-Mutamid Bin Abbad, is driven by a common attitude about life by these two poets while in prison. The question which is posed here and we are going to answer, is, What are the most important common points which cause us to compare these two poets? This is: what we will try to answer through a review of the similarities in their poetic works
Effects of hydrogen in an aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy during the production of extrusion ingots
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Hydrogen causes defects, for which aluminiurn alloy products are rejected. The behaviour of hydrogen in aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy extrusion ingots, has been studied throughout the course of manufacture from freshly reduced aluminium. It is shown that hydrogen in the liquid metal is produced by temperature-dependent reaction between the metal and water vapour in the atmosphere. As the metal is received from the reduction cells, its temperature is -850 'C and its hydrogen content, >0.4 cm3/100 g, is too high for casting sound ingots. The metal is transferred first to a so-called melting furnace, where it is alloyed and stirred, thence to a holding furnace, where the composition is adjusted, the metal is degassed by gas sparging and allowed to settle before casting. The metal cools throughout these operations and as the temperature falls, the calculated value for the hydrogen content in equilibrium with the atmosphere falls in response to the reduced hydrogen solubility. The actual hydrogen content of the metal exhibited marked hysteresis in following the equilibrium value. Significant reduction of the hydrogen content occurred only when the metal was agitated. The hydrogen content never fell below the equilibrium value even during the nominal degassing operation, leading to the conclusion that gas sparging in a furnace does not positively remove hydrogen but only assists the equilibration. The hot-top DC casting process yielded a 8 m x 0.18 m diameter ingot with a virtually uniform hydrogen content. When this ingot was homogenised by heating it to 590˚C in a 7h cycle, a significant proportion of the hydrogen content was lost from the surface zone. By matching the loss to a theoretical model assuming diffusion control, it was shown that the loss of hydrogen is attenuated by trapping in micropores. The effects of simulated industrial atmospheres on the loss or absorption of hydrogen by the solid alloy were investigated in an extended series of laboratory heat-treatments. The interaction of the metal with these atmospheres was found to be determined by the nature of the oxide films formed and therefore the films were investigated by XPS and SIMS surface analysis techniques. In clean atmospheres the absorption or loss of hydrogen was determined by the balance between inward migration of protons and outward diffusion of hydrogen atoms through the oxide. Pollution of the air by chlorine or especially sulphur stimulated hydrogen absorption to a degree which seriously damaged the metal by pore growth. These effects are explained by modified compositions and structures in the surface oxide.United Arab Emirate
Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Disrupt Established Biofilms of Pathogenic Bacteria
No full textFohad Mabood Husain 1,*ORCID,Faizan Abul Qais 2ORCID,Iqbal Ahmad 2,Mohammed Jamal Hakeem 1,Mohammad Hassan Baig 3ORCID,Javed Masood Khan 1 andNasser A. Al-Shabib 1ope
Computer aided diagnostic support system for skin cancer: A review of techniques and algorithms
No full textImage-based computer aided diagnosis systems have significant potential for screening and early detection of malignant melanoma. We review the state of the art in these systems and examine current practices, problems, and prospects of image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction and selection, and classification of dermoscopic images. This paper reports statistics and results from the most important implementations reported to date. We compared the performance of several classifiers specifically developed for skin lesion diagnosis and discussed the corresponding findings. Whenever available, indication of various conditions that affect the technique's performance is reported. We suggest a framework for comparative assessment of skin cancer diagnostic models and review the results based on these models. The deficiencies in some of the existing studies are highlighted and suggestions for future research are provided. © 2013 Ammara Masood and Adel Ali Al-Jumaily
Leptons in Hot and Dense Media
No full textThis thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of lepton magnetic properties in extreme astrophysical environments, with particular focus on the effects of finite temperature, chemical potential, and strong magnetic fields characteristic of neutron stars. Employing a modified Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) framework developed by Masood et al., which incorporates statistical corrections through the Masood abc-functions, we calculate self-mass corrections and radiative effects on the magnetic moment and anomalous magnetic moment of both charged and neutral leptons.
Charged leptons—electrons, muons, and tauons—are examined across a wide range of thermal and magnetic regimes. Results show that electron magnetic moments are highly sensitive to temperature, while heavier leptons respond more strongly to increasing magnetic field strength. Neutrino magnetic moment corrections, although absent at tree level, are explored through vertex corrections in finite-temperature and density (FTD) theories in QED.
Numerical results demonstrate the intricate interplay between environmental variables and leptonic quantum corrections, providing insights into how these particles contribute to neutron star thermodynamics, transport phenomena, and magnetic evolution. This study highlights the necessity of medium-dependent QED corrections for accurate modeling of leptonic behavior in compact astrophysical objects
Influenza di pattern superficiali a rilievo sulla performance di assorbitori d'urto automobilistici profilati in alluminio
No full textQuesta ricerca propone un design innovativo per assorbitori d'urto
automobilistici. Secondo tale design, il normale estruso in alluminio a
sezione rettangolare sottile viene lavorato con deformazione a rilievo a
pattern sinusoidali delle superfici laterali. Tali pattern sono definiti
per sovrapposizione di perturbazioni sinusoidali biassiali.
L'introduzione dei pattern di rilievo è studiata in dettaglio in questa
ricerca, con particolare attenzione alla loro influenza sulle
caratteristiche di assorbimento energetico.
Tale influenza è ottenuta mediante controllo della modalità di collasso
e incentivazione di modi deformativi a più densa creazione di cerniere
plastiche.
I risultati di questo studio vedono un significativo incremento delle
prestazioni dell'assorbitore.
Inizialmente sono stati studiati sei diversi pattern base, e sono stati
simulati un totale di 43 modelli mediante il solutore FEM dinamico
esplicito commerciale RADIOSSTM.
Scopo di questa prima fase è stato quello di migliorare le proprietà di
assorbimento energetico dell'estruso mediante il controllo del passo di
formazione delle cerniere plastiche di parete, con densificazione delle
stesse.
I pattern a rilievo si mostrano efficaci nel cambiare i modi di collasso
e nel ridurre il passo di piegatura a soffietto.
Sono stati osservati incrementi fino al 42% dell'energia assorbita
rispetto al design di riferimento, e aumenti del fattore di efficienza
da 1.08 a 1.54 kJ/kg (????????? CHECK THE UNITS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)
In una seconda fase si sono studiati appropriati inneschi (trigger) per
tali estrusi.
L'innesco ad incavo, comunemente usato in tale tipologia di assorbitori,
è stato testato sui nuovi profilati.
Tale innesco si è però rivelato solo marginalmente efficace nel ridurre
il picco di forza iniziale, e si è evidenziata una scarsa affidabilità
nell'assicurare una progressione stabile del collasso.
È stato quindi proposto un nuovo ed innovativo meccanismo di innesco,
nel quale la lavorazione a rilievo è stata leggermente scalata in
direzione assiale; si sono così ottenute aree estremali maggiormente
inclini a formare il soffietto, e aree centrali ad elevata corsa
deformativa residua.
Tali inneschi progressivi e distribuiti si sono mostrati molto più
efficaci nel controllo del collasso rispetto al singolo incavo
tradizionale.
Gli assorbitori ottimizzati sono quindi stati caratterizzati mediante
simulazioni FEM in una varietà di condizioni operative, per comparare in
modo esauriente design di riferimento e design ottimizzato.
Gli assorbitori sono stati simulati in condizioni in impatto obliquo,
impatto con massa eccentrica, impatto con sollecitazione mista di sforzo
normale e flessione e in flessione pura, al fine di verificarne le
prestazioni. Tali test puntano a simulare condizioni operative meno
idealizzate e più vicine al caso reale.
Infine, i componenti proposti sono stati inseriti all'interno di un
modello di autovettura completa per valutarne le prestazioni secondo le
metodologie standardizzate NCAP.This research proposes a new automotive box-beam crash absorber design with sinusoidal patterns embedded on the beam surfaces. These patterns are defined by the superposition of multiple sine wave perturbations along both axes of each surface of the box beam. The introduction of these patterns are studied extensively in this research for their effects on the improvement of energy absorption characteristics by altering the collapse mode, forming a denser collapse buckle formation. The results of the proposed design have significantly bettered the crash absorber design.
Initially six different types of surface patterns were proposed and a total of 43 samples were simulated using the commercial pre-processor HyperCrashTM and the commercial explicit FEM solver RADIOSSTM. The aim of the study is to improve energy absorption properties of the beams by controlling the wavelength of progressive buckle formations and obtaining denser collapse formations. It was found that the relief patterns could be used effectively to change the buckling modes and reduce the buckle wavelength. A maximum of 42 percent increase in the amount of total energy absorbed and an increase in the energy efficiency factor from 1.08 to 1.54 was observed moving from the reference model to the best design.
At a second stage, the design of appropriate triggers for these sections were studied. The notch type triggers, commonly used in regular box section beams, were tested for patterned beams. They were found to be only marginally successful in reducing an initial force spike and not very consistent in ensuring a stable collapse follow on for patterned beams. A new and novel triggering mechanism was proposed in which the frequency formulation is slightly altered along the length of the beam to make certain zones more vulnerable to bending. These progressive triggers worked more effectively in controlling the buckling.
Subsequently, the optimized beam patterns were put under a variety of FEM simulated situations, to draw a conclusive comparison between a regular beam and patterned beam. The beams were tested for simulated oblique impacts, offset mass impacts, Force-Moment impact and Pure Bending test to note their performance. These tests aimed to simulate real life crash situations
Genomic dissection of the 1994 Cronobacter sakazakii outbreak in a French neonatal intensive care unit
No full textBackground: Cronobacter sakazakii is a member of the genus Cronobacter that has frequently been isolated from powdered infant formula (PIF) and linked with rare but fatal neonatal infections such as meningitis and necrotising enterocolitis. The Cronobacter MLST scheme has reported over 400 sequence types and 42 clonal complexes; however C. sakazakii clonal complex 4 (CC4) has been linked strongly with neonatal infections, especially meningitis. There have been a number of reported Cronobacter outbreaks over the last three decades. The largest outbreak of C. sakazakii was in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in France (1994) that lasted over 3 months and claimed the lives of three neonates. The present study used whole genome sequencing data of 26 isolates obtained from this outbreak to reveal their relatedness. This study is first of its kind to use whole genome sequencing data to analyse a Cronobacter outbreak. Methods: Whole genome sequencing data was generated for 26 C. sakazakii isolates on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The whole genome phylogeny was determined using Mugsy and RaxML. SNP calls were determined using SMALT and SAMtools, and filtered using VCFtools. Results: The whole genome phylogeny suggested 3 distant clusters of C. sakazakii isolates were associated with the outbreak. SNP typing and phylogeny indicate the source of the C. sakazakii could have been from extrinsic contamination of reconstituted infant formula from the NICU environment and personnel. This pool of strains would have contributed to the prolonged duration of the outbreak, which was up to 3 months. Furthermore 3 neonates were co-infected with C. sakazakii from two different genotype clusters. Conclusion: The genomic investigation revealed the outbreak consisted of an heterogeneous population of C. sakazakii isolates. The source of the outbreak was not identified, but probably was due to environmental and personnel reservoirs resulting in extrinsic contamination of the neonatal feeds. It also indicated that C. sakazakii isolates from different genotype clusters have the ability to co-infect neonates
Building antifragile manufacturing systems through strategic technology integration
No full textPurpose – This study develops and validates, through expert consensus, a framework for achieving antifragilityin manufacturing by strategically integrating modern digital technologies with capabilities that enableorganizations to grow stronger through disruption. It moves beyond traditional resilience-focused approaches byemphasizing continuous adaptability, sustained growth and competitive advantage in an environmentcharacterized by volatility and rapid technological change. Design/methodology/approach – Grounded in the dynamic capability perspective, the study synthesizesinsights from an extensive literature review with the results of a Delphi study involving a panel of 14 industryand academic experts. The process identified and refined a set of critical supporting capabilities, including cross-functional governance, interoperability assessment and risk-responsive integration, that enable the alignment ofdigital transformation initiatives with antifragile objectives. Findings – Antifragility is positioned as a higher-order dynamic capability that transforms volatility into a driverof innovation and strategic renewal. The resulting expert-based framework maps emerging technologies such asartificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and big data analytics to specific sensing, seizing and transformingcapabilities, providing a structured pathway for operationalizing antifragility in manufacturing contexts. Practical implications – The framework offers manufacturers a structured approach for aligning technology investments with antifragile objectives, ensuring that digital transformation enhances rather than undermines adaptability and growth. It encourages a phased, resource-aware implementation strategy that leverages disruptions as strategic assets, fostering both business continuity and long-term competitiveness. Originality/value – This research conceptualizes antifragility as a distinct and advanced capability in manufacturing and demonstrates how it can be purposefully developed through strategic technology integration. By combining theoretical grounding with expert validation, it bridges the gap between digital transformation and antifragility, offering a practical roadmap for turning uncertainty and variability into sources of competitive advantage.CC BY 4.0© Morteza Ghobakhloo, Behzad Foroughi, Masood Fathi, Mostafa Al-Emran, Mohammed A. Al-Sharafiand Muhammad Faraz Mubarak.Corresponding author Morteza Ghobakhloo can be contacted at: [email protected]</p
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